Avaliação das fontes de luz em uso nas clínicas odontológicas da FO/UFG: acompanhamento de 1 ano

Objetivo: Avaliar o estado de conservação e a densidade de potência das fontes de luz disponíveis para o atendimento clínico na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Goiás (FO/UFG), em 2011-2012. Métodos: As seguintes informações e especificações técnicas das referidas fontes de luz foram coletadas: ambulatório (clínica odontológica) onde está alocada, tipo de fonte [aparelho de luz halógena e Diodo Emissores de Luz (LEDs)], marca, teste de paralelismo (exclusivamente para as fontes de luz halógena), estado de conservação da ponteira transmissora de luz, densidade de potência em mW/cm2 e data da aquisição. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva, teste t de Student, ANOVA a um critério e teste de Tukey para comparações múltiplas (P<0,05). Resultados: No período de 2011-2012, a FO/UFG dispunha respectivamente de 20 e 22 fontes de luz para atendimento clínico. Quanto ao seu estado de conservação observou-se que em 2011, 90% das fontes de luz encontravam-se em inadequado estado de conservação, enquanto em 2012 este número foi de 54%. Em termos de densidade de potência 55% das fontes de luz apresentavam densidade menor que 300 mW/cm2 em 2011, enquanto em 2012 este resultado foi de 54,54%. Não foi observada diferença estatística significante quanto à densidade de potência das fontes de luz halógena (P=0,81) e LED (P=0,41) testadas no período avaliado. Conclusões: As fontes de luz no período de acompanhamento de um ano apresentaram uma melhoria no seu estado de conservação, enquanto a densidade de potência permaneceu similar

Análise epidemiológica das internações por neoplasias malignas da mama no Brasil

This article aims to analyze the epidemiology of hospitalizations for malignant breast neoplasia in Brazil from 2018 to 2022. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional and epidemiological research. Data on hospitalizations for malignant breast neoplasia were obtained through the Hospital Information System of the Information Technology Department of the Unified Health System (SIH/DATASUS), considering the period from 2018 to 2022. Thus, the following variables were analyzed: year hospitalization, type of care, deaths, sex, age group, ethnicity, and region of the country. During the period analyzed, 354,911 hospitalizations for malignant breast neoplasia were recorded in Brazil. Thus, it was noted that women over 50 years of age and of the white race constitute the profile most affected by breast cancer, in accordance with the age at which mammography screening begins according to the Ministry of Health.Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a epidemiologia das internações por neoplasia maligna da mama no Brasil no período de 2018 a 2022. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, transversal e epidemiológica. Os dados acerca das internações por neoplasia maligna de mama foram obtidos através do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/DATASUS), considerando o período de 2018 a 2022. Assim, foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: ano de internação, caráter de atendimento, óbitos, sexo, faixa etária, etnia, e região do país. No período analisado, foram registradas 354.911 internações por neoplasia maligna da mama, no Brasil. Dessa forma, notou-se que mulheres acima de 50 anos e da raça branca constituem o perfil mais acometido pela neoplasia de mama, em concordância com a idade que se inicia o rastreio pela mamografia de acordo com o Ministério da Saúde. &nbsp

Análise comparativa das abordagens cirúrgicas no tratamento de cardiopatias

Em análise a evolução histórica e as inovações na cirurgia cardíaca, este estudo objetiva analisar comparativamente as abordagens cirúrgicas no tratamento de cardiopatias, destacando a transição das técnicas tradicionais de cirurgia aberta para métodos minimamente invasivos como a videolaparoscopia e a cirurgia robótica. Para tanto, procede-se à uma revisão narrativa da literatura, explorando uma gama extensiva de estudos e relatos científicos que ilustram os avanços tecnológicos e seus impactos nos resultados clínicos. Desse modo, observa-se que as técnicas minimamente invasivas oferecem benefícios substanciais, como redução no tempo de recuperação, diminuição do trauma cirúrgico, e menores taxas de complicações e mortalidade perioperatória em comparação com a cirurgia aberta. Estes resultados permitem concluir que a cirurgia minimamente invasiva representa um avanço significativo na prática cardiológica, proporcionando procedimentos mais seguros e eficazes, com menor impacto para os pacientes e melhores prognósticos a longo prazo. Para futuras pesquisas, sugere-se o aprofundamento na análise dos resultados a longo prazo e na integração de novas tecnologias, como inteligência artificial e realidade aumentada, para otimizar ainda mais as práticas cirúrgicas e expandir as possibilidades de tratamento das cardiopatias

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Evaluation of the In vitro leishmanicidal and In vivo acute oral toxicity of the Caesalpinia echinata L. extracts as source of natural products against Leishmaniasis

Submitted by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2015-03-02T11:47:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_117.pdf: 707401 bytes, checksum: 0f71bb7341baea2f96798e66b6aaca36 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2015-03-02T11:47:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_117.pdf: 707401 bytes, checksum: 0f71bb7341baea2f96798e66b6aaca36 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2015-03-02T11:52:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_117.pdf: 707401 bytes, checksum: 0f71bb7341baea2f96798e66b6aaca36 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-02T11:52:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_117.pdf: 707401 bytes, checksum: 0f71bb7341baea2f96798e66b6aaca36 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Rene Rachou. Laboratorio de Quimica de Produtos Naturais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Rene Rachou. Laboratorio de Quimica de Produtos Naturais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Rene Rachou. Laboratorio de Quimica de Produtos Naturais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Rene Rachou. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Rene Rachou. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Rene Rachou. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Rene Rachou. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Departamento Clinico e Cirurgico Veterinario. Laboratorio de Patologia e Toxicologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Rene Rachou. Laboratorio de Quimica de Produtos Naturais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.With the purpose of discovery leishmanicidal secondary metabolites from natural products, crude ethanolic extract (EE) from stems of the Caesalpinia echinata was assayed to verify its in vitro leishmanicidal activity. The EE showed in vitro growth inhibition activities of 90% against amastigote-like of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis. The EE was then submitted to fractionation by Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) yielding fifteen fractions (F1 to F15). The same biological assay was performed for the fifteen fractions and the fractions F9 to F11 showed in vitro growth inhibition activities around 80%. The fractions F9 to F11 were pooled to produce an enriched fraction named EF. Evaluation of the acute toxicity of the EE and EF were carried out with Swiss-Webster mice, orally treated by a single oral dose of 300mg of the samples (EE and EF)/kg of body to verify changes in hematological and biochemical profiles and 5.0g of the samples (EE and EF)/kg body to verify the toxicity and safety in using EE and EF as therapeutic agents in the treatment of the leishmaniasis. After preliminary results, the LD50 concentration was estimated to be greater than 5.0g/kg body for both samples (EE and EF) by oral route. The EE and EF of the C. echinata were actives in vitro experiments and nontoxic for mice, moreover these experiments proved to be the first steps towards the development of leishmanicidal agents from C. echinata

Efficacy of the multimodal strategy for Hand Hygiene compliance: an integrative review

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate, from the literature, the effectiveness of the implementation of the multimodal strategy for health professionals compliance with Hand Hygiene and its sustainability over time. Method: Integrative review, with a view to answering the following question: “Is the implementation of the multimodal strategy effective in health professionals compliance with Hand Hygiene and can it be sustained over time?”. The MEDLINE, SCOPUS, LILACS and CINAHL databases were used to retrieve the primary articles. Results: Twenty-five studies were analyzed. Among the components of the multimodal strategy, three need to be better worked: health education, feedback from practices and management involvement. Although it needs to focus more on its five elements, interventions based on the multimodal strategy have favored HH compliance and its long-term sustainability. Conclusion: The strategy proved to be effective for HH compliance, especially when all integrating components are adequately addressed

Effect of photobiomodulation on the severity of oral mucositis and molecular changes in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy: a study protocol for a cost-effectiveness randomized clinical trial

Abstract Background Oral mucositis (OM) is the most frequent and debilitating acute side effect associated with head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment. When present, severe OM negatively impacts the quality of life of patients undergoing HNC treatment. Photobiomodulation is a well-consolidated and effective therapy for the treatment and prevention of severe OM, and is associated with a cost reduction of the cancer treatment. Although an increase in the quality of life and a reduction in the severity of OM are well described, there is no study on cost-effectiveness for this approach considering the quality of life as a primary outcome. In addition, little is known about the photobiomodulation effects on salivary inflammatory mediators. Thus, this study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of the photobiomodulation therapy for the prevention and control of severe OM and its influence on the salivary inflammatory mediators. Methods/design This randomized, double-blind clinical trial will include 50 HNC patients undergoing radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. The participants will be randomized into two groups: intervention group (photobiomodulation) and control group (preventive oral care protocol). OM (clinical assessment), saliva (assessment of collected samples) and quality of life (Oral Health Impact Profile-14 and Patient-Reported Oral Mucositis Symptoms questionnaires) will be assessed at the 1st, 7th, 14th, 21st and 30th radiotherapy sessions. Oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine levels will be measured in the saliva samples of all participants. The costs are identified, measured and evaluated considering the radiotherapy time interval. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio will be estimated. The study will be conducted according to the Brazilian public health system perspective. Discussion Photobiomodulation is an effective therapy that reduces the cost associated with OM treatment. However, little is known about its cost-effectiveness, mainly when quality of life is the effectiveness measure. Additionally, this therapy is not supported by the Brazilian public health system. Therefore, this study widens the knowledge about the safety of and strengthens evidence for the use of photobiomodulation therapy, providing information for public policy-makers and also for dental care professionals. This study is strongly encouraged due to its clinical relevance and the possibility of incorporating new technology into public health systems. Trial registration Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials—ReBEC, RBR-5h4y4n. Registered on 13 June 2017