Evaluation of the interface of eucalyptus specimens welded by rotary friction

Rotary friction welding produces joints by inserting wood dowels, with a specific rotation and feed rate, into pre-drilled holes made in wood substrates. Studies on the welding of fast-growing eucalypts from Brazilian planted forests are recent. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the macro and microstructural and thermochemical changes at the dowel/substrate interface of eucalypts welded joints from Brazilian planted forests and to determine the mechanical strength of two-piece eucalypts welded joints. Specimens formed by eucalypts dowels and substrates were produced. Subsequently, visual evaluation and scanning electron microscopy, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric, differential scanning calorimetry and tensile tests were performed. The results reveal that the rotary friction welding parameters adopted contribute to the densification of the welded interface and the formation of a structure responsible for joining the dowel and the substrate, providing mechanical strength to the joint. The cellulose crystallinity index and the apparent crystallite size of the eucalypts welded sample increase due to thermal degradation of amorphous components. The rupture of the welded joints is ductile and their average strength is 2,1 MPa. Welded joints of fast-growing eucalypts, from Brazilian planted forests, are suitable when the rotary friction welding parameters are similar to those used for eucalypts woods from Australian forests

Cervical Laminectomy for the Treatment of Chronic Caudal Cervical Spondylomyelopathy in a Dog

 Background: Cervical spondylomyelopathy (CSM) is a common disease of the cervical spine, and causes neurogenic disorders commonly diagnosed in large and giant breeds dogs. There are many surgical procedures proposed for the treat­ment of CSM. Although many authors report a high success rate (between 70% and 90%) after surgical procedures, the high number of techniques described reflects the difficulty in treating this disorder. The objective of this paper is to report a case of CSM with chronic ventral compression (intervertebral disc extrusion) that was treated with dorsal decompres­sion, and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the decompressive technique through pre- and post-operative myelograms.Case: A 9-year-old Doberman Pinscher dog weighing 41.8 kg presented due to a history of tetraparesis. Neurological exami­nation did not reveal any alteration in mental status. There was absence of conscious proprioception on the four limbs; the pelvic limbs were more severely affected. Bilateral patellar hyperreflexia and normal flexor withdrawal reflex were observed on the hind limbs. There was decreased flexor withdrawal reflex and increased extensor tone on the forelimbs. The patient exhibited pain during caudal cervical palpation, and no alterations were seen on the cutaneous trunci reflex. Superficial pain was absent in the hind limbs; forelimbs exhibited presence of motor function with severe paresis. Survey radiographs revealed intervertebral disc space narrowing between C6-C7. A myelogram revealed ventral and dorsal compressions of the spinal cord in the C6-C7 area. Surgical treatment was elected, and laminectomy of the sixth and seventh cervical vertebrae was performed. Improvements were progressive on evaluations made on the seventh, eighteenth, forty-fifth, and sixtieth days after surgery. On the forty-fifth day after surgery, the patient was able to walk with the aid of a support sling, but was incapable of standing and walking without help. Muscle atrophy and paresis progressively improved up to the sixtieth day after surgery, but such improvement was not enough for the patient to get up and walk without the aid of the sling. In view of the evolution of the clinical signs during the post-operative period, another myelogram was performed to check if the extruded intervertebral disc, which was not removed during laminectomy, was still causing spinal cord compression. In comparison to the first myelogram, the compression was significantly attenuated by the surgical procedure. In this examination, the contrast medium columns were minimally compromised by the presence of herniated material; because of that, we opted not to perform a second surgical intervention for removal of herniated disc content.Discussion: Cervical laminectomy is indicated primarily for cases of dorsal compression associated with osteoarthritic changes of facet joints, malformation of the dorsal lamina, or ligamentum flavum hypertrophy however, this technique has also been used to treat ventral compressions, especially if they are multiple. There are no reports of direct comparison between laminectomy and other surgical techniques for the treatment of chronic ventral compressions; consequently, the choice of the technique depends on the surgeon’s experience and preference. Some authors argue that cervical laminec­tomy is not enough to attenuate the compression caused by the disc because this technique does not allow removal of the herniated disc material located ventrally. However, in the case reported here, a comparison between pre- and postopera­tive myelograms revealed that even though the herniated material was not removed, dorsal decompression allowed dorsal dislocation of the spinal cord and, consequently, promoted considerable attenuation of ventral compression.Keywords: Wobbler syndrome, nervous system, spinal cord, cervical vertebrae

ATUAÇÃO DO PROFISSIONAL DE SAÚDE RESIDENTE NO ENFRENTAMENTO DA COVID-19: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA DA SECRETARIA DE ESTADO DE SAÚDE DO DISTRITO FEDERAL

The present study aimed to describe the activities of Resident Health Care Professionals (RHCPs), linked to Multiprofessional Residency Programs in Public Health Policy Management, in the epidemiological surveillance actions combating of disease COVID-19 carried out by the Department of Health of the Federal District. This is an experience report about the work process developed by the Technical Support Commission (TSC) for Epidemiological Surveillance in partnership with the Center for Emergency Operations in Public Health, from March to April 2020. The activities developed were divided into five stages and involved the receivement, structuring and organization of information on suspected and confirmed hospitalized cases of COVID-19, made available daily by public and private health institutions in the Federal District. The TSC was composed of a multiprofessional team, which supported integration as well as the teaching-learning process. The RHCPs acted in the identification of obstacles and contributed to the improvement of workflows, as well as in the use of a Health Information System (online forms - FormSUS) for the speed and monitoring of data. Immediate notification is necessary for prevention and control measures to take place in a short period of time, especially in pandemic settings. The performance of the RHCPs contributed to the strengthening of the epidemiological surveillance actions and to an integrated and qualified work, giving allowance to the decision process by managers against COVID-19.Se objetiva con este trabajo describir las actividades de los Profesionales de Salud Residentes (PSR), vinculados al Programa de Residencia Multiprofesional en Gestión de Políticas Públicas para Salud, en las acciones para combatir la enfermedad COVID-19, llevadas a cabo por la Secretaría de Estado de Salud de Distrito Federal (DF). Se trata de un informe de experiencia sobre el proceso de trabajo desarrollado por la Comisión de Apoyo Técnico (CAT) para la Vigilancia Epidemiológica en colaboración con el Centro de Operaciones de Emergencias en Salud Publica de Distrito Federal, en el periodo de marzo a abril de 2020. Las actividades desarrolladas se dividieron en cinco etapas, involucrando el recibimiento, la estructuración y organización de informaciones de los casos internados sospechosos y confirmados de COVID-19, disponibles diariamente por las instituciones de salud pública y privada de DF. La CAT ha reunido un equipo multiprofesional, lo que favoreció la integración del trabajo y del proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Los PSR actuaron en la identificación de los obstáculos y contribuyeron a la mejora de los flujos de trabajo, así como en la utilización del Sistema de Información en Salud (formulario in línea – FormSUS) para la eficiencia y monitoreo de las informaciones. La notificación inmediata de los casos se hace necesaria para que medidas de prevención y controle ocurran en tiempo oportuno, especialmente en escenarios de pandemia. La actuación de los PSR contribuyó para fortalecer las acciones de vigilancia epidemiológica y para un trabajo integrado y cualificado que apoya la toma de decisiones por parte de los gestores en el combate de la COVID-19 en DF.O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever as atividades desenvolvidas pelos Profissionais de Saúde Residentes (PSR), vinculados a Programas de Residência Multiprofissional em Gestão de Políticas Públicas para a Saúde, nas ações para o enfrentamento da doença COVID-19 realizadas pela Secretaria de Estado de Saúde do Distrito Federal (DF). Trata-se de um relato de experiência acerca do processo de trabalho desenvolvido pela Comissão de Apoio Técnico (CAT) à Vigilância Epidemiológica em parceria com o Centro de Operações de Emergências em Saúde Pública do DF, no período de março a abril de 2020. As atividades desenvolvidas foram divididas em cinco etapas e envolveram o recebimento, estruturação e organização de informações dos casos internados suspeitos e confirmados de COVID-19, disponibilizadas diariamente pelas instituições de saúde públicas e privadas do DF. A CAT foi composta por uma equipe multiprofissional, o que favoreceu a integração do trabalho e o processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Os PSR atuaram na identificação de entraves e contribuíram no aprimoramento dos fluxos de trabalho, bem como na utilização de um Sistema de Informação em Saúde (formulários online - FormSUS) para a celeridade e monitoramento das informações. A notificação imediata dos casos é necessária para que medidas de prevenção e controle ocorram em tempo oportuno, especialmente em cenários de pandemia. A atuação dos PSR contribuiu para o fortalecimento das ações de vigilância epidemiológica e para um trabalho integrado e qualificado, subsidiando a tomada de decisão pelos gestores no enfrentamento da COVID-19 no DF

ATUAÇÃO DO PROFISSIONAL DE SAÚDE RESIDENTE NO ENFRENTAMENTO DA COVID-19: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA DA SECRETARIA DE ESTADO DE SAÚDE DO DISTRITO FEDERAL

The present study aimed to describe the activities of Resident Health Care Professionals (RHCPs), linked to Multiprofessional Residency Programs in Public Health Policy Management, in the epidemiological surveillance actions combating of disease COVID-19 carried out by the Department of Health of the Federal District. This is an experience report about the work process developed by the Technical Support Commission (TSC) for Epidemiological Surveillance in partnership with the Center for Emergency Operations in Public Health, from March to April 2020. The activities developed were divided into five stages and involved the receivement, structuring and organization of information on suspected and confirmed hospitalized cases of COVID-19, made available daily by public and private health institutions in the Federal District. The TSC was composed of a multiprofessional team, which supported integration as well as the teaching-learning process. The RHCPs acted in the identification of obstacles and contributed to the improvement of workflows, as well as in the use of a Health Information System (online forms - FormSUS) for the speed and monitoring of data. Immediate notification is necessary for prevention and control measures to take place in a short period of time, especially in pandemic settings. The performance of the RHCPs contributed to the strengthening of the epidemiological surveillance actions and to an integrated and qualified work, giving allowance to the decision process by managers against COVID-19.Se objetiva con este trabajo describir las actividades de los Profesionales de Salud Residentes (PSR), vinculados al Programa de Residencia Multiprofesional en Gestión de Políticas Públicas para Salud, en las acciones para combatir la enfermedad COVID-19, llevadas a cabo por la Secretaría de Estado de Salud de Distrito Federal (DF). Se trata de un informe de experiencia sobre el proceso de trabajo desarrollado por la Comisión de Apoyo Técnico (CAT) para la Vigilancia Epidemiológica en colaboración con el Centro de Operaciones de Emergencias en Salud Publica de Distrito Federal, en el periodo de marzo a abril de 2020. Las actividades desarrolladas se dividieron en cinco etapas, involucrando el recibimiento, la estructuración y organización de informaciones de los casos internados sospechosos y confirmados de COVID-19, disponibles diariamente por las instituciones de salud pública y privada de DF. La CAT ha reunido un equipo multiprofesional, lo que favoreció la integración del trabajo y del proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Los PSR actuaron en la identificación de los obstáculos y contribuyeron a la mejora de los flujos de trabajo, así como en la utilización del Sistema de Información en Salud (formulario in línea – FormSUS) para la eficiencia y monitoreo de las informaciones. La notificación inmediata de los casos se hace necesaria para que medidas de prevención y controle ocurran en tiempo oportuno, especialmente en escenarios de pandemia. La actuación de los PSR contribuyó para fortalecer las acciones de vigilancia epidemiológica y para un trabajo integrado y cualificado que apoya la toma de decisiones por parte de los gestores en el combate de la COVID-19 en DF.O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever as atividades desenvolvidas pelos Profissionais de Saúde Residentes (PSR), vinculados a Programas de Residência Multiprofissional em Gestão de Políticas Públicas para a Saúde, nas ações para o enfrentamento da doença COVID-19 realizadas pela Secretaria de Estado de Saúde do Distrito Federal (DF). Trata-se de um relato de experiência acerca do processo de trabalho desenvolvido pela Comissão de Apoio Técnico (CAT) à Vigilância Epidemiológica em parceria com o Centro de Operações de Emergências em Saúde Pública do DF, no período de março a abril de 2020. As atividades desenvolvidas foram divididas em cinco etapas e envolveram o recebimento, estruturação e organização de informações dos casos internados suspeitos e confirmados de COVID-19, disponibilizadas diariamente pelas instituições de saúde públicas e privadas do DF. A CAT foi composta por uma equipe multiprofissional, o que favoreceu a integração do trabalho e o processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Os PSR atuaram na identificação de entraves e contribuíram no aprimoramento dos fluxos de trabalho, bem como na utilização de um Sistema de Informação em Saúde (formulários online - FormSUS) para a celeridade e monitoramento das informações. A notificação imediata dos casos é necessária para que medidas de prevenção e controle ocorram em tempo oportuno, especialmente em cenários de pandemia. A atuação dos PSR contribuiu para o fortalecimento das ações de vigilância epidemiológica e para um trabalho integrado e qualificado, subsidiando a tomada de decisão pelos gestores no enfrentamento da COVID-19 no DF

Identification of di-substituted ureas that prevent growth of trypanosomes through inhibition of translation initiation

Some 1,3-diarylureas and 1-((1,4-trans)-4-aryloxycyclohexyl)-3-arylureas (cHAUs) activate heme-regulated kinase causing protein synthesis inhibition via phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2) in mammalian cancer cells. To evaluate if these agents have potential to inhibit trypanosome multiplication by also affecting the phosphorylation of eIF2 alpha subunit (eIF2 alpha), we tested 25 analogs of 1,3-diarylureas and cHAUs against Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas disease. One of them (I-17) presented selectivity close to 10-fold against the insect replicative forms and also inhibited the multiplication of T. cruzi inside mammalian cells with an EC50 of 1-3 mu M and a selectivity of 17-fold. I-17 also prevented replication of African trypanosomes (Trypanosoma brucei bloodstream and procyclic forms) at similar doses. It caused changes in the T. cruzi morphology, arrested parasite cell cycle in G1 phase, and promoted phosphorylation of eIF2 alpha with a robust decrease in ribosome association with mRNA. The activity against T. brucei also implicates eIF2 alpha phosphorylation, as replacement of WT-eIF2 alpha with a non-phosphorylatable eIF2 alpha, or knocking down eIF2 protein kinase-3 by RNAi increased resistance to I-17. Therefore, we demonstrate that eIF2 alpha phosphorylation can be engaged to develop trypanosome-static agents in general, and particularly by interfering with activity of eIF2 kinases.Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)CNPqFundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)NIHUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitol, BR-04039032 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biofis Carlos Chagas Filho, Lab Parasitol Mol, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilInst Butantan, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Inst Ciencias Biomed, Dept Microbiol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilBrigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Hematol Lab Translat Res, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USAHarvard Med Sch, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USAUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitol, BR-04039032 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilFAPESP: 2015/20031-0FAPESP: 2014/01577-2CNPq: 445655/2014-3NIH: R01 CA152312Web of Scienc

Síndrome HELLP com descolamento placentário e óbito fetal: relato de caso

The HELLP syndrome – defined as haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and thrombocytopenia – consists of an advanced stage of preeclampsia (PE), which can affect 0.6% of pregnancies and 4-12% of patients with severe PE. Being responsible for elevated maternal and perinatal mortality rates, it can present with general malaise, epigastralgia, right hypochondrium pain, nausea and vomits, headache, scotomas, associated with hypertension and proteinuria. Woman, 19 years old, primigest, admitted with 29 weeks of gestational age presenting with arterial hypertension (160/120 mmHg), headache, scotomas, nausea and vomits. She showed regular health status, pallid, closed, anterior and soft cervix, with no fluid losses, and inaudible fetal heart rate on the sonar. She was stabilized with intravenous hydration and antihypertensive drugs, the ultrasonography showed placental abruption and fetal death. An uneventfully caesarean operation was performed under general anaesthesia. Due to the low haemoglobin, haematocrit and platelet levels, she received blood transfusion, progressing with clinical and laboratory improvement. The pressure control was met by the use of methyldopa, nifedipine and pindolol, and she was discharged with a good health status at the 10th day of hospitalization, with scheduled return for reassessment.   Keywords: HELLP syndrome, severe preeclampsia, fetal death, placental abruption. A síndrome HELLP – definida por hemólise, enzimas hepáticas elevadas e plaquetopenia – consiste em estágio avançado de pré-eclâmpsia (PE), podendo afetar 0,6% das gestações e 4-12% das pacientes com PE grave. Responsável por elevados índices de mortalidade materna e perinatal, pode se apresentar com mal estar geral, epigastralgia, dor em hipocôndrio direito, náuseas ou vômitos, cefaleia, escotomas, assoaciado a quadro hipertensivo e proteinúria. Mulher de 19 anos, primigesta, admitida com 29 semanas de idade gestacional com quadro de hipertensão arterial (160/120 mmHg), cefaleia, escotomas, náuseas e vômitos. Apresentava regular estado geral, hipocorada, colo uterino fechado, anterior, amolecido e sem perdas e batimento cardiofetal inaudível ao sonar. Estabilizada com hidratação venosa e anti-hipertensivos, foi realizada ultrassonografia que evidenciou descolamento prematuro de placenta e óbito fetal. Realizada cesariana sob anestesia geral sem intercorrências. Devido a baixos níveis de hemoglobina, hematócrito e plaquetas, foi hemotransfundida, apresentando melhora clínica e laboratorial. O controle pressórico foi atingido com uso de metildopa, nifedipina e pindolol, recebendo alta em bom estado geral no 10º dia de internação hospitalar com programação de retorno para reavaliação. Palavras-chave: Síndrome HELLP, Pré-eclâmpsia grave, óbito fetal, descolamento placentário

Specificity of Male Responses to Female Vibratory Signals in two Chinavia Species (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is Based on Signal Structure and Narrow Temporal Parameters

In this work, we tested whether variations in temporal pattern and architecture of the vibratory signals favor signals recognition and discrimination in two stinkbug species, Chinavia ubica and C. impicticornis. To relate the level of species recognition with species-specific vibratory signal we exposed males to natural or artificial signals. Different artificial signals were synthesized by changing the basic structure or temporal parameters of typical female calling signals of each species. Signals were transmitted to bean plants and the response of males was observed and recorded by a piezoelectric accelerometer. Results show that changes in temporal patterns of artificial signals significantly reduced the proportion of males responding by emitting the male song. Our results confirm that specific elements of male vibratory signals are critical for female signal recognition and discrimination by males and could contribute to prezygotic isolation in sympatric Chinavia species

Lower insulin-dose adjusted A1c (IDAA1c) is associated with less complications in Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes treated with hematopoetic stem-cell transplantation and conventional therapy

Objective: To evaluate the association between insulin-dose adjusted A1C (IDAA1c) and microvascular complications (MC) and hypoglycemia in a representative Brazilian population of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. Research Design and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study based on a previous study, “Microvascular Complications in Type 1 Diabetes: a comparative analysis of patients treated with autologous nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (AHST) and conventional medical therapy (CT)”. The 168 patients in that study (144 from CT plus 24 from AHST) were re-subdivided into two groups, according to their IDAA1c values (30 patients had IDAA1c ≤ 9; 138 had IDAA1c > 9). Then, the prevalence of MC (diabetic renal disease, neuropathy, and retinopathy), hypoglycemia (blood glucose <60 mg/dL), and severe hypoglycemic (episode of hypoglycemia that required the assistance of another person to treat) events were compared between the groups. The groups were well-matched on these factors: duration of disease, sex, and age at the time of diagnosis of T1DM. Results: After an average of 8 years after diagnosis, only 6.6% (2/30) of the patients from IDAA1c ≤ 9 group developed any MC, whereas 21.0% (29/138) from the IDAA1c > 9 group had at least one complication (p = 0.044). Regarding hypoglycemic events, the proportion of individuals who reported at least 1 episode of hypoglycemia in the last month was 43.3 and 64.7% from the IDAA1c ≤ 9 and IDAA1c > 9 groups, respectively (p = 0.030). Regarding severe hypoglycemia, the proportion of patients presenting at least one episode in the last month and the rate of episode/patient/month were similar between groups (6.7 vs. 13.2%; p = 0.535; and 0.1/patient/month vs. 0.25/patient/month; p = 0.321). Conclusion: In a representative Brazilian population of T1DM patients, those with IDAA1c ≤ 9 presented a lower frequency of MC, as well as fewer episodes of hypoglycemia, in the month prior to the analysis.publishedVersio

Fatores associados ao acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico em crianças e adolescentes com tetralogia de Fallot

Objective: to verify the factors associated with ischemic stroke in children and adolescents with tetralogy of Fallot. Method: a cross-sectional study, carried out with analysis of electronic medical records of children and adolescents with tetralogy of Fallot followed up in an outpatient clinic specialized in pediatric cardiology in northeastern Brazil. The data was processed in SPSS 21.0. Chi-square and/or Fisher's exact test were used for association measures (p≤0.05). Results: of the 104 electronic medical records analyzed, ischemic stroke in the bivariate analysis was associated with hypothyroidism, thrombophilia, polycythemia, endocarditis, cardiac arrest, acute renal failure and heart failure. In the final multivariate analysis model, thrombophilia (p=0.011), polycythemia (p&lt;0.001) and cardiac arrest (p=0.005) were predictors of ischemic stroke. Conclusion: thrombophilia, polycythemia, and cardiac arrest were associated with ischemic stroke in children and adolescents with tetralogy of Fallot.Objetivo: verificar os fatores associados ao acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico em crianças e adolescentes com tetralogia de Fallot. Método: estudo transversal, realizado com análise dos prontuários eletrônicos de crianças e adolescentes com tetralogia de Fallot acompanhados em um ambulatório especializado em cardiologia pediátrica no nordeste brasileiro. Os dados foram processados no SPSS 21.0. Aplicou-se Teste Qui-quadrado e/ou Exato de Fisher para medidas de associação (p≤0,05). Resultados: dos 104 prontuários eletrônicos analisados, o acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico na análise bivariada foi associado com hipotireoidismo, trombofilia, policitemia, endocardite, parada cardiorrespiratória, insuficiência renal aguda e insuficiência cardíaca. No modelo final da análise multivariada, foram preditores de acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico a trombofilia (p=0,011), policitemia (p&lt;0,001) e parada cardiorrespiratória (p=0,005). Conclusão: trombofilia, policitemia e a parada cardiorrespiratória foram associados ao acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico em crianças e adolescentes com tetralogia de Fallot