Pb(II) removal using carbon adsorbents prepared by hybrid heating system: Understanding the microwave heating by dielectric characterization and numerical simulation

This work studies the effect of microwaves in the synthesis of carbon adsorbents using pecan nutshell biomass as a precursor in a hybrid multimode microwave cavity avoiding the utilization of chemical activation or susceptors. The dielectric properties were calculated using the cavity perturbation method, and the power distribution of the electromagnetic field inside cavity was obtained by COMSOL Multiphysics. S-350-MW was obtained using at 350 °C and 200 W and it was characterized using elemental analysis, potentiometric titration, FT-IR and nitrogen adsorption isotherms at −196 °C. The adsorption of Pb(II), in single and binary solutions with Cu(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) in batch systems indicate that the removal of Pb(II) is affected in the presence of Cu(II) due to the competition of these ions as a result of their similarities such as Pauling electronegativity. Finally, the removal of Pb(II) in continuous systems using packed bed columns showed the pH has the most significant effect according to the variance analysis. The finding highlighted the importance of the acidic functional groups in the performance of carbonaceous adsorbents for the removal of Pb(II). Results of this study contribute to the understandings and application of a hybrid heating system and establish the basis of the role of heating processes in the preparation of carbonaceous adsorbents using microwaves. The Pb(II) removal efficiency achieved in this study is significantly higher than the values reported for carbons prepared by using microwave heating which employs susceptors and/or chemical agents reported in literature, demonstrating that it is possible to obtain effective carbon absorbents for the removal of Pb(II) without the use of any additional susceptors or chemical activation

Effect of ageing time on the volatile compounds from cooked horse meat

Volatile compounds from cooked and aged (0, 7, 14, 21 days) Hispano-Bret ' on horse meat (loin) were analyzed by solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 77 volatile com-pounds were found, from which aldehydes were the predominant family. Most of the identified compounds had their origin in the degradation of lipids, with a negligible contribution of Maillard derived products. Odour impact ratios were calculated and used as indicators of the contribution of each compound to the total aroma and aldehydes were, in general, the major contributors to cooked horse meat aroma. Results revealed that ageing affected 15 of the volatile compounds detected. From them, hexadecanal and 2-and 3-methylbutanal signifi-cantly increased during ageing, presumably affecting the cooked meat odour as these have considerable odorant impact. Under the present study conditions, periods longer than 14 days would be necessary for significant changes in the volatile profile of cooked horse meat

Muscle and Subcutaneous Fatty Acid Composition and the Evaluation of Ageing Time on Meat Quality Parameters of Hispano-Bretón Horse Breed

A full-randomized block design was used for the study of the FA composition and meat quality parameters, considering ageing time as a split-plot factor. Chemical and fatty acid composition of steaks (longissimus thoracis and lumborum muscle) from 15 month old semiextensively reared Hispano-Bretón horses were characterized (day 0), and the effect of vacuum ageing (0, 7, 14 and 21 days) on several meat quality parameters (pH, instrumental color and texture and cook loss) was determined. The average fat content of horse loin was 3.31%, and the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content, although higher than in ruminant meats, suggested that the finishing on a high-grain diet limited muscle n-3 accumulation. Results revealed that ageing affected all meat quality measurements; color started to turn brownish at 14 days of ageing, with a decrease in redness but not in yellowness. Tenderness improved during the first two weeks, and the Warner-Bratzler shear force scores showed that meat aged for 7 days could be considered as ‘intermediate tender’. Under the present study conditions, an ageing period between 7 and 14 days is recommended for an optimum horse meat quality.This research was funded by the Basque Government (grant IT944-16) that also funded the postdoctoral grant of L.M. Department of Economic Development and Infrastructures of the Basque Government is acknowledged for the fellowship of L.R.B

Flow virtual sensor based on deep learning techniques

[ES] En el contexto de la digitalización de la industria, los sensores virtuales resultan muy útiles tanto para construir gemelos digitales, que permiten simular comportamientos que ayudan a optimizar el proceso productivo y prevenir errores, como para ser utilizados en las situaciones en las que un sensor real es muy costoso o directamente no puede ser instalado. En este artículo se propone un método para implementar sensores virtuales utilizando tres de las técnicas de deep learning más comunes: redes convolucionales, redes neuronales densas y redes recurrentes. El método se ha utilizado para construir un sensor virtual de caudal en una maqueta de control de procesos que dispone de instrumentación industrial real.[EN] In the context of industry digitalization, virtual sensors are very useful both to develop digital twins, which simulate behaviors that help us to optimize the process and prevent faults, such as to be used on the cases where a real sensor is very expensive or cannot be installed. In this paper, it is proposed a method to develop virtual sensors using three of the most common deep learning techniques: convolutional networks, dense neural networks and recurrent neural networks. The method has been used to develop a flow virtual sensor for a pilot plant that has real industrial instrumentation

Manganese transporter protein MntH is required for virulence of Xylophilus ampelinus, the causal agent of bacterial necrosis in grapevine

This journal is published by Hindawi as part of a publishing collaboration with the Australian Society of Viticulture and Oenology. It is a fully open access journal produced under the Hindawi and Wiley brands[EN] Background and Aims: The aim of this study is to identify proteins involved in the pathogenicity/virulence of Xylophilus ampelinus. Characterisation of these proteins could provide new insights into putative targets for controlling bacterial necrosis in grapevines. Methods and Results: Transposon insertion mutagenesis was used to isolate X. ampelinus mutants exhibiting an altered virulence. Characterisation of one of the avirulent mutants revealed the insertion of a transposon into the mntH gene encoding the major manganese transporter. Virulence tests on grapevine leaves clearly showed that the virulence of these mutants was significantly reduced. Phenotypic analysis of an mntH mutant indicated that the MntH protein is a Mn++ transporter but that MntH does not play a significant role in the transport of Fe++ or Cu++. The MntH mutants exhibited an increased sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide, although catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were not significantly affected. Conclusion: The MntH protein plays a significant role in the virulence of X. ampelinus. Significance of the Study: This is the first report showing that transposon mutagenesis is an effective strategy for the isolation of X. ampelinus mutants. It is also the first report characterising a gene encoding a protein involved in virulence in this grapevine pathogenSIThis work was financed by a Research Contract sponsored by Bodegas Vega Sicilia S.A. (Valbuena de Duero, Valladolid, Spain

Estudio de viabilidad para la implantación de dobles titulaciones en la Facultad de Ciencias

Memoria ID-165. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2018-2019

Health Benefits of an Innovative Exercise Program for Mitochondrial Disorders

Purpose We determined the effects of an innovative 8-wk exercise intervention (aerobic, resistance, and inspiratory muscle training) for patients with mitochondrial disease. Methods Several end points were assessed in 12 patients (19–59 yr, 4 women) at pretraining, posttraining, and after 4-wk detraining: aerobic power, muscle strength/power and maximal inspiratory pressure (main end points), ability to perform activities of daily living, body composition, quality of life, and blood myokines (secondary end points). Results The program was safe, with patients’ adherence being 94% ± 5%. A significant time effect was found for virtually all main end points (P ≤ 0.004), indicating a training improvement. Similar findings (P ≤ 0.003) were found for activities of daily living tests, total/trunk/leg lean mass, total fat mass, femoral fracture risk, and general health perception. No differences were found for blood myokines, except for an acute exertional increase in interleukin 8 at posttraining/detraining (P = 0.002) and in fatty acid binding protein 3 at detraining (P = 0.002). Conclusions An intervention including novel exercises for mitochondrial disease patients (e.g., inspiratory muscle training) produced benefits in numerous indicators of physical capacity and induced a previously unreported shift toward a healthier body composition phenotype

Nuevas dimensiones de la docencia sobre Derecho y factor religioso II: buenas prácticas y elaboración de materiales docentes

Depto. de Derecho Internacional, Eclesiástico y Filosofía del DerechoFac. de DerechoFALSEsubmitte

Nuevas dimensiones de la docencia sobre Derecho y factor religioso: interdisciplinariedad y cooperación internacional

Depto. de Derecho Internacional, Eclesiástico y Filosofía del DerechoFac. de DerechoFALSEsubmitte