La (re) significación de la proporcionalidad directa e inversa para docentes de la básica primaria, desde una mirada etnomatemática

El presente proyecto de investigación se realizó con la participación de docentes de la básica primaria, de la Institución Educativa Pascual Correa Flórez del municipio de Amagá – Antioquia quienes tenían a su cargo el área de matemáticas. La pregunta de investigación para tal propósito fue: ¿de qué manera los docentes de la básica primaria resignifican la proporcionalidad directa e inversa desde una mirada etnomatemática? Con ésta, analizar las formas como los docentes resignifican la proporcionalidad directa e inversa desde una mirada etnomatemática. Conjuntamente, asumimos para el desarrollo de la presente propuesta, un paradigma metodológico cualitativo enmarcado desde la perspectiva de la investigación acción educativa con fundamentos a partir de la etnomatemática. No obstante, para efectos de registros de la información, contamos con el apoyo de los docentes que orientan el área de matemáticas, en la básica primaria de la institución educativa antes mencionada. Donde se aplicaron instrumentos de producción de registros y de datos. En la misma dirección, para el logro de la presente propuesta se realizaron 4 visitas in situ a los docentes. Posteriormente para el análisis de los registros y la información suministrada, la realizamos teniendo en cuenta 4 aspectos considerados: I). El conocimiento disciplinar de los docentes sobre el objeto de estudio (proporcionalidad). II). La (Re) significación del objeto de estudio a través de sus prácticas áulicas. III. El uso del contexto en la enseñanza de la matemática (aportaciones desde la etnomatemática) y IV). La valoración de conocimientos extraescolares al interior del aula. Por consiguiente, consideramos que la experiencia vivida durante la realización del presente proyecto permitió generar en la mayoría de los docentes participantes, espacios de reflexión en torno al enriquecimiento de los significados de un objeto matemático, las diferentes formas de conducir la enseñanza desde la etnomatemática la inmersión de la cultura en el currículo de matemáticas, permitiendo de esta manera el fortalecimiento de la idiosincrasia, el reconocimiento de prácticas extraescolares y valores autóctonos de los grupos humanos.This research project was carried out with the participation of primary school teachers from the Pascual Correa Flórez educational institution in the municipality of Amagá - Antioquia who were in charge of the area of mathematics. The research question for this purpose was: how do primary school teachers re-signify direct and inverse proportionality from an ethnomathematical perspective? With this, to analyze the ways in which teachers enrich with other meanings and forms of life, the concept of proportionality from an ethnomathematical perspective. Jointly, a qualitative methodological paradigm was assumed for the development of the present proposal Framed from the perspective of research educational action based on ethnomathematics. However, for the purposes of production and registration of information, we have the support of the teachers who guide the area of mathematics, in the primary of the educational institution mentioned above. Where surveys, class observations, a paper, workshops, recordings, photographs and general reflections were carried out. In the same direction, for the accomplishment of the present proposal four on-site visits were made to the teachers. Subsequently, for the analysis of the records and the information provided, it was made taking into account four significant aspects: I). The disciplinary knowledge of the teachers about the object of study (proportionality). II). The (RE) meaning of the object of study through its aulic practices. III. The use of context in the teaching of mathematics (contributions from ethnomathematics) and IV). The valuation of extracurricular knowledge within the classroom. It was therefore considered that the experience during the implementation of the present project Allowed to generate in the participating teachers spaces of reflection on the enrichment of the meanings of a mathematical object, the different ways of conducting the teaching from the ethnomathematics The immersion of culture within the mathematics curriculum, thus allowing the strengthening of idiosyncrasy, recognition of extracurricular practices and indigenous values of human groups

OpenZmeter: An Efficient Low-Cost Energy Smart Meter and Power Quality Analyzer

Power quality and energy consumption measurements support providers and energy users with solutions for acquiring and reporting information about the energy supply for residential, commercial, and industrial sectors. In particular, since the average number of electronic devices in homes increases year by year and their sensitivity is very high, it is not only important to monitor the total energy consumption, but also the quality of the power supplied. However, in practice, end-users do not have information about the energy consumption in real-time nor about the quality of the power they receive, because electric energy meters are too expensive and complex to be handled. In order to overcome these inconveniences, an innovative, open source, low-cost, precise, and reliable power and electric energy meter is presented that can be easily installed and managed by any inexperienced user at their own home in urban or rural areas. The system was validated in a real house over a period of two weeks, showing interesting results and findings which validate our proposal

Characterization of the cost of electricity distribution by means of efficiency frontier models considering a quality service index

RESUMEN: Se han caracterizado los costos de distribución de energía eléctrica incluyendo un indicador de calidad del servicio relacionado con la frecuencia de interrupciones en el modelamiento de los mismos. Inicialmente se postulan variables explicativas de costos y se utiliza un modelo de regresión multivariada para evaluar la capacidad explicativa de tales variables. Por otro lado, se emplean modelos de fronteras de eficiencia estocástica para determinar el nivel de eficiencia de las empresas que pertenecen a la muestra. Mediante el uso de estas metodologías se logró obtener tres modelos de regresión que permiten hacer una estimación de costos medios en los cuales incurren los distribuidores. Por medio de fronteras de eficiencia, se logró determinar otros tres modelos que permiten estimar la eficiencia de las empresas, pudiendo además identificar variaciones en su eficiencia según el modelo empleado.ABSTRACT: Cost characterization of electricity distribution including a quality service index related to the interruption frequency in the modelling of electricity distribution costs has been done. Initially, explanatory variables of costs are postulated and a multivariate regression model is used to evaluate the explanatory capability of such variables. Furthermore, stochastic frontier models are used to determine the eficiency level of the companies belonging to the sample. By using these methodologies it was possible to obtain three regression models that allow estimating the average costs incurred by distribution companies. By means of efficiency frontiers it was possible to detemine other three models that allow estimating the efficiency of the companies, being also able to identify variations in their efficiency according to the model used

Analysis of Research Topics and Scientific Collaborations in Energy Saving Using Bibliometric Techniques and Community Detection

Concern about everything related to energy is increasingly latent in the world and therefore the use of energy saving concepts has been increasing over the past several years. The interest in the subject has allowed a conceptual evolution in the scientific community regarding the understanding of the adequate use of energy. The objective of this work is to determine the contribution made by international institutions to the specialized publications in the area of energy-saving from 1939 to 2018, using Scopus Database API Interface. The methodology followed in this research was to perform a bibliometric analysis of the whole scientific production indexed in Scopus. The world’s scientific production has been analysed in the following domains: First the trend over time, types of publications and countries, second, the main subjects and keywords, third, main institutions and their main topics, and fourth, the main journals and proceedings that publish on this topic. Then, these data are presented using community detection algorithms and graph visualization software. With these techniques, it is possible to determine the main areas of research activity as well as to identify the structures of the collaboration network in the field of renewable energy. The results of the work show that the literature in this field have substantially increased during the last 10 years

Preparation and characterization of a bifunctional aldolase/kinase enzyme. A more efficient biocatalyst for C-C bond formation

“This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Iturrate, L., Sánchez-Moreno, I., Oroz-Guinea, I., Pérez-Gil, J., García-Junceda, E. (2010) “Preparation and characterization of a bifunctional aldolase/kinase enzyme. A more efficient biocatalyst for C-C bond formation“ Chem. Eur. J., 16, 4018-4030, which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/chem.200903096/abstract”A bifunctional aldolase/kinase enzyme named DLF has been constructed by gene fusion through overlap extension. This fusion enzyme consists of monomeric fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBPA) from Staphylococcus carnosus and the homodimeric dihydroxyacetone kinase (DHAK) from Citrobacter freundii CECT 4626 with an intervening five amino acid linker. The fusion protein was expressed soluble and retained both kinase and aldolase activities. The secondary structure of the bifuctional enzyme has been analysed by CD spectroscopy, as well as that of the parental enzymes, in order to study the effect of the covalent coupling of the two parent proteins on the structure of the fused enzyme. Since S. carnosus FBPA is a thermostable protein, the effect of the fusion on the thermal stability of the bifunctional enzyme has also been studied. The proximity of the active centres in the fused enzyme promotes a kinetic advantage as the 20-fold increment in the initial velocity of the overall aldol reaction indicates. Experimental evidence supports that this increase in the reaction rate can be explained in terms of substrate channellingWe thank the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación for financial support (Grant CTQ2007-67403/BQU). J. P.-G. has been supported by grants BIO2009-09694 and CSD2007-00010. L. Iturrate and I. Sánchez-Moreno acknowledges the Predoctoral Fellowship from Comunidad de Madrid. I. Oroz-Guinea is a JAEPredoc fellow from CSIC. We thank E. G. Doyagüez for her assistance on NMR characterization

Strategies for the synthesis of canonical, non-canonical and analogues of strigolactones, and evaluation of their parasitic weed germination activity

Strigolactones (SLs) are natural products with promising applications as agrochemicals to prevent infestation with parasitic weeds due to their ability to trigger seed germination. However, their use is still limited because of the low yields in which they are isolated from natural sources. As such, numerous studies have led to strategies for obtaining them, and various structural analogues, by organic synthesis. These analogues have focused attention on the study of SLs, as some of them are easier to synthesize and possess enhanced properties, such as the level of bioactivity. This review provides an overview of the synthesis of SLs, subsequently focusing on the production of analogues with the canonical structure. The germinating activity of the compounds is also described herein, with positive effects on different species of the problematic genera Striga, Orobanche and Phelipanche having been found. The highly active analogue GR24 is currently the most widely studied in the literature, and relevant structural-activity relationships have been proposed as a result of the study of derivatives functionalized in different positions. Analogues based on other natural SLs such as strigol and orobanchol have also been developed, as have some novel canonical SLs derived from eudesmanolide or guaianolide sesquiterpene lactones. This review aims to provide useful information for the development of bioactive compounds applicable in new generation herbicides, in an attempt to employ similar compounds to those produced naturally in ecosystems that provoke effective herbicide effects at low concentrations.This work was supported by the ``Ministerio de Economi ' a, Industria y Competitividad'' (MINEICO), Spain, Project AGL2017-88-083-R

Estrategias y perspectivas documentales en la información digital

La información digital es ya una realidad y la creación de este tipo de información es cada vez mayor, por lo que se hace necesario un control, un análisis y una gestión; y en este trabajo se proponen fórmulas para entender la información digital y sus características. La documentación hace posible el seguimiento y el estudio del proceso documental aplicado a las informaciones que facilitan los medios de comunicación, que aportan los elementos informativos necesarios para crear fondos documentales con sus noticias. Por su parte, el lector, se constituye en elemento creativo de la información, aportando su experiencia personal

Integration of PV Distributed Generators into Electrical Networks for Investment and Energy Purchase Costs Reduction by Using a Discrete–Continuous Parallel PSO

The problem of optimally integrating PV DGs into electrical networks to reduce annual costs (which include energy purchase and investment costs) was addressed in this research by presenting a new solution methodology. For such purpose, we used a Discrete–Continuous Parallel Particle Swarm Optimization method (DCPPSO), which considers both the discrete and continuous variables associated with the location and sizing of DGs in an electrical network and employs a parallel processing tool to reduce processing times. The optimization parameters of the proposed solution methodology were tuned using an external optimization algorithm. To validate the performance of DCPPSO, we employed the 33- and 69-bus test systems and compared it with five other solution methods: the BONMIN solver of the General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) and other four discrete–continuous methodologies that have been recently proposed. According to the findings, the DCPPSO produced the best results in terms of quality of the solution, processing time, and repeatability in electrical networks of any size, since it showed a better performance as the size of the electrical system increased

DExMA: An R Package for Performing Gene Expression Meta-Analysis with Missing Genes

Meta-analysis techniques allow researchers to jointly analyse different studies to determine common effects. In the field of transcriptomics, these methods have gained popularity in recent years due to the increasing number of datasets that are available in public repositories. Despite this, there is a limited number of statistical software packages that implement proper meta-analysis functionalities for this type of data. This article describes DExMA, an R package that provides a set of functions for performing gene expression meta-analyses, from data downloading to results visualization. Additionally, we implemented functions to control the number of missing genes, which can be a major issue when comparing studies generated with different analytical platforms. DExMA is freely available in the Bioconductor repository.Teaching Staff Programme by the Ministerio de Universidades FPU19/01999 MCIN/AEI PID2020119032RB-I00FEDER/Junta de Andalucia-Consejeria de Transformacion Economica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades P20_00335 B-CTS-40-UGR20'Consejeria de Transformacion Economica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades' (CTEICU)European Union through the European Social Fund (ESF) named 'Andalucia se mueve con Europa" European Union-NextGenerationEU, Ministerio de Universidades (Spain's Government)Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan, through a call from the University of Granad

Ácidos Húmicos: sustrato natural empleado como tratamiento alternativo en la inhibición de la bacteria Helicobacter Pylori, aporte desde la docencia para una mejora en la calidad de vida

A través de la historia, las enfermedades han sido tratadas por compuestos naturales, dentro de los que están los Ácidos Húmicos (AH), biopolímeros que se encuentran en plantas, aguas estancadas y carbones de bajo rango. Estos sustratos poseen grupos funcionales que les atribuyen propiedades terapéuticas para el hombre