Social participation of the elders in Europe: the influence of individual and contextual variables.

This study analyzes the social participation of older people based on individual and contextual variables. For this purpose the data of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) in particular waves 1, 2 and 4 have been used. A four-level model with fixed and random effects was carried out. The model obtained shows the effect of individual variables: a greater participation in more recent waves, in ages between 60-70 years and the effect of variables such as cognitive functioning, years of education and health self-perception. But significant differences were also found in participation in contextual variables and between countries. These results are important for public policy managers, who must take into account not only individual variables, but also contextual variables, which explain the differences in the participation rate of the elderly.pre-print1693 K

Friendly Residential Environments and Subjective Well-Being in Older People with and without Help Needs.

Previous studies have shown that friendly environments are associated with well-being and higher quality of life in older people. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between friendly environments and subjective well-being by segmenting the population according to the need for help in performing activities of daily living (ADLs) in a representative sample of people over 55 years of age in the Basque Country (Spain) (n = 2760). To determine the predictive power of friendliness on subjective well-being, two separate linear regression models were obtained according to the need for help in ADLs. The results obtained show a greater explanatory power of the model in the case of people who required help. However, in the case of people who do not need help, subjective health had a greater weight in the predictions. This paper’s findings support the greater importance of the characteristics of the physical and social environment, as people’s functional status worsens, with friendliness being an explanatory factor for people’s well-being as they age and their dependency increases.post-print399 K

Validation of the Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI) for older Chilean adults.

pre-print572 K

Impacto psicológico del confinamiento en una muestra de personas mayores: estudio longitudinal antes y durante el COVID-19

Home confinement has been one of the measures taken in relation to COVID-19. Knowing what psychological consequences it entails is of interest, and particularly in the older adults. We analyze the impact of confinement on a sample of people over 65 years old evaluated before the pandemic (WAVE 1) and subsequently evaluated during home confinement (WAVE 2). A digital questionnaire distributed online (C.A.W.I -computer assisted web interviewing-) was administered to a sample of 141 people over 64 years old in Madrid. On the one hand, sociodemographic data, housing and services, health situation, health, physical function, physical exercise, depressive symptomatology, leisure and free time activities, social support, resilience, loneliness and well-being in the situation of confinement of the sample (WAVE 2) are investigated through descriptive analyses. In addition, comparison analyses are performed on some variables in the sample before the pandemic (WAVE 1) and during confinement (WAVE 2). The results show that well-being levels are preserved in the sample of this study.El confinamiento domiciliario ha sido una de las medidas tomadas en relación con el COVID-19. Conocer qué consecuencias psicológicas conlleva es de interés y en particular en la población mayor. Se analiza el impacto del confinamiento de una muestra de personas mayores de 65 años evaluada antes de la pandemia (OLA 1) y que fue, posteriormente, evaluada durante el confinamiento domiciliario (OLA 2). Se administró un cuestionario digital distribuido de forma online (C.A.W.I -computer assisted web interviewing-) a una muestra de 141 personas mayores de 64 años de Madrid. Se indagan, por un lado, datos sociodemográficos, de vivienda y servicios, situación sanitaria, salud, función física, ejercicio físico, sintomatología depresiva, actividades de ocio y tiempo libre, apoyo social, resiliencia, soledad y bienestar en la situación de confinamiento de la muestra (OLA 2) mediante análisis descriptivos. Además, se realizan análisis de comparación en algunas variables de la muestra antes de la pandemia (OLA 1) y durante el confinamiento (OLA 2). Los resultados muestran que se preservan los niveles de bienestar en la muestra de este estudi

Family and community support among older Chilean adults: the importance of heterogeneous social support sources for quality of life.

Family and community social networks act as social resources that promote well-being at advanced ages. In this study, we analyze the association between social support received from personal social networks (social support from various family members and friends) and community social networks (social support from neighbors and the neighborhood, age, ethnic, or religious group peers and formal social support networks) and quality of life (QoL) for a sample of older Chilean persons (n = 777). The results confirm that social support from family (partner, children, and extended family) and friends, integration in the community (neighbors) and social support from informal systems (social groups) are associated with QoL. Moreover, the model including both types of support explains 25.8% of variance in QoL. The results and their possible implications are discussed.pre-print209 K

Psychometric properties of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) in Spanish older adults.

The Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) assesses nine cognitive strategies used to cope with negative events. The aim of this study was to generate validity evidences of this instrument in an older Spanish population. The Spanish version of the CERQ (CERQ-S) and self-report scales, measuring psychological well-being, depression and resilience, were administered to 305 older adults aged 65–90 (70.0 ± 4.7) residents in the Autonomous Community of Madrid, Spain. 150 participants completed the 6-month follow-up in April 2020 (during the COVID-19 pandemic). Confirmatory factor analyses supported 9-strategy structure, with an improved fit 27-item version (CERQ-S-27). Generally adequate composite reliability (CR between 0.63 and 0.84) and temporal stability (ICC between 0.38 and 0.71; p < 0.001) were found. Subscales correlated coherently with measures of depression, well-being and resilience, and T-tests indicated different use between older adults who did or did not have depressive symptoms. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that subscales predicted depressive symptoms (R2 = 0.17; p < 0.001) and psychological well-being after six months (R2 = 0.21; p < 0.001). Results provided evidences of concurrent, predictive and criterion validity, suggesting that the CERQ-S-27 could be useful for studying use of cognitive emotion regulation strategies among older adults and understanding their influence in ageing and mental health.pre-print422 K

Utilización de dibujos, imágenes y otros elementos multimedia en el diseño de recursos para la docencia virtual

Se presentan una serie de recursos hipermedia, que el grupo de autores han desarrollado con el ánimo de facilitar el aprendizaje de los alumnos en disciplinas de alto contenido descriptivo. En este caso concreto se refieren a la anatomía microscópica animal y vegetal, aunque las aplicaciones informáticas y procedimientos empleados son aplicables también a otras disciplinas, siempre con dicho carácter descriptivo en común. Fundamentalmente se trata de módulos interactivos de autoaprendizaje en formato SCORM, que incorporan como principal elemento dibujos descriptivos sobre las estructuras histológicas estudiadas. Tales dibujos se presentan al usuario como archivos tipo flash, con visualización interactiva y secuencial, para facilitar su comprensión. A la vez, incorporan enlaces con otra aplicación, diseñada previamente por los autores, bajo el aspecto de atlas histológico, en el que se recogen ejemplos de la realidad en forma de microfotografías, algunas de ellas navegables (microscopía virtual). Incluyen igualmente pruebas de autoevaluación y la posibilidad, dado su formato compatible, de que el profesor pueda realizar un completo seguimiento de su utilización a través de diferentes Plataformas de Docencia Virtual (LMSs). Por otro lado se han desarrollado otros recursos hipermedia en formato AVI de contenidos relacionados con el manejo de dispositivos y técnicas de uso habitual en histología. Incluyen, además de las grabaciones en video, imágenes fijas, texto, títulos de crédito y comentarios hablados ilustrando los contenidos expuestos. El acceso a este material se hace a través de una página web índice, con hipervínculos a cada archivo. Todos los recursos presentados se encuentran actualmente disponibles a través del servidor y la LMS de la Universidad de Jaén, pudiéndose acceder a los mismos desde la URL: http://virtual.ujaen.es/atlas/.This work is addressed to introduce a number of hypermedia resources aimed to facilitate the learning of students in descriptive disciplines. We have focused on animal and vegetal microscopic anatomy, although the applications and procedures described can be also applicable to other descriptive disciplines. In this way, self-study interactive modules in SCORM format were designed, incorporating descriptive drawings of the histological structures. These drawings are presented as flash-type files to the users, which can observe them in an interactive and sequential way to facilitate understanding. At the same time, they incorporate links to an interactive histological atlas, previously designed by the authors, in which are collected real photomicrographs, some of them available as “virtual microscopy” (a section that allows examining images as real observations using the microscope). The drawings also include self-evaluation tests, as well as the possibility that the teacher can conduct an exhaustive monitoring of the use of this teaching tool through different Learning Management Systems (LMSs). On the other hand, other hypermedia resources in AVI format have been developed. Such tools are related to the management of devices and techniques commonly used in Histology. They also include video recordings, images, text, credit, and spoken comments illustrating the contents. The access to this material can be achieved through an index web page with hyperlinks to each file. These tools are currently available through the server and LMS of the University of Jaén (Spain) in http://virtual.ujaen.es/atlas/

Nutrición parenteral domiciliaria en España 2018. Informe del Grupo de Nutrición Artificial Domiciliaria y Ambulatoria NADYA

Aim: to communicate home parenteral nutrition (HPN) data obtained from the HPN registry of the NADYA-SENPE group (www.nadya-senpe. com) for the year 2018. Material and methods: descriptive analysis of the data collected from adult and pediatric patients with HPN in the NADYA-SENPE group registry from January 1st, 2018 to December 31st, 2018. Results: there were 278 patients from 45 Spanish hospitals (54.7 % women), 23 children and 255 adults, which represent a prevalence rate of 5.95 patients/million inhabitants/year 2018. The most frequent diagnosis in adults was " palliative cancer" (22.0 %), followed by "others". In children it was Hirschsprung's disease together with necrotizing enterocolitis, with four cases (17.4 %). The first indication was short bowel syndrome in both children (60.9 %) and adults (35.7 %). The most frequently used type of catheter was tunneled in both children (81.0 %) and adults (41.1 %). Ending 75 episodes, the most frequent cause was death (52.0 %) and change to oral feeding (33.3 %). Conclusions: the number of centers and collaborating professionals in the registry of patients receiving HPN remains stable, as well as the main indications and reasons for termination of HPN

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