Diseño y construcción de banco automatizado para diagnóstico de transmisiones automáticas

El banco didáctico automatizado puede realizar pruebas dinámicas a transmisiones o cajas de velocidades de vehículos, Toyota Corolla y Nissan Sentra; de los años 1996–2000. Cuenta con un motor de combustión interna, panel de instrumentos, plato de sujeción de las transmisiones, sistema de frenado y la aplicación del software de programación LabVIEW. Con este banco didáctico se pueden obtener datos de presión de aceite de las transmisiones para comparar los con datos del fabricante consultados en el software Mitchell Ondeman; herramienta didáctica con la que cuenta la Escuela de Ingeniería Automotriz, (programa de datos específicos de los fabricantes)para dar un diagnóstico de funcionamiento de la transmisión automática

Impacto de una red social de dependencias gubernamentales en la difusión de acciones motrices durante el confinamiento:

The new reality in the world, caused by the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, has led the daily activities that we knew to a virtual adaptation, physical activity and physical exercise have been mainly one of them throughout the world and in our social contexts. The aim of this study is to carry out an analysis of the virtual strategies that were carried out to carry out exercise, sports, actions, activity and physical education at home, undertaken by some municipalities of Veracruz State, as well as sports institutes of the State of Colima and Nuevo León. The data collected was made through the Facebook® social network, counting the number of actions or strategies undertaken, expressions, shared and reproductions in the case of video graphics material. Among the results found, the main actions include physical exercise with music, as well as guidelines on physical exercise with materials and objects from your home (indoors). The conclusion is clear of the effort of the municipal and state authorities to keep society physically active and impact the health of the body with the benefit of physical activity and sport.La nueva realidad en el mundo, causada por la pandemia del COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2), ha llevado a que las actividades cotidianas que conocíamos se tengan que adaptar a una modalidad virtual, la actividad y el ejercicio físico han sido principalmente una de ellas, siendo a nivel mundial. El presente estudio lleva por objetivo, realizar un análisis de las estrategias virtuales que se llevaron a cabo para realizar ejercicio, deportes, acciones de actividad y educación física en casa, emprendidas en algunos municipios del estado de Veracruz, así como de los institutos del deporte del Estado de Colima y Nuevo León. Los datos recabados se hicieron a través de la red social de Facebook®, contabilizando el número de acciones o estrategias emprendidas, expresiones, compartidas y reproducciones en caso de ser material videográfico. Dentro de los resultados encontrados se tiene que las principales acciones se encuentran la de realizar ejercicio físico con música, así como orientaciones sobre ejercicio físico con materiales y objetos de su hogar. Una de las conclusiones es que se identifica el esfuerzo de las autoridades municipales y estatales de México por mantener a la sociedad físicamente activa e impactar con el beneficio del ejercicio físico y el deporte en la salud del organismo

Consumption of fried foods and risk of coronary heart disease: Spanish cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study

Objective To assess the association between consumption of fried foods and risk of coronary heart disease

PriTec Tool: Adaptation for the selection of technologies to be assessed prior entry into the health care benefits basket

O obxectivo deste documento é desenvolver unha ferramenta que facilite á Comisión de Prestacións, Aseguramento e Financiación seleccionar e priorizar, dunha forma obxectiva e sistemática, as tecnoloxías sanitarias a avaliar pola RedETS de cara á súa inclusión/exclusión ou modificación de condicións de uso en carteira de servizosEl objetivo de este documento es desarrollar una herramienta que facilite a la Comisión de Prestaciones, Aseguramiento y Financiación seleccionar y priorizar, de una forma objetiva y sistemática, las tecnologías sanitarias a evaluar por la RedETS de cara a su inclusión/exclusión o modificación de condiciones de uso en cartera de servicio

Conectados: una guía práctica para crear puentes con tus estudiantes en el contexto virtual

Esta guía recopila una investigación realizada por el Semillero de Investigación en Innovación y Emprendimiento de la Universidad EAFIT. Su finalidad es documentar herramientas y recomendaciones que permitan a nuestros docentes mejorar las dinámicas de las clases virtuales y ayudar a los docentes que no tengan experiencia en metodologías de enseñanza virtuales a adaptar sus clases a esta nueva dinámica.p. 4

Risk of type 2 diabetes according to traditional and emerging anthropometric indices in Spain, a mediterranean country with high prevalence of obesity: results from a large-scale prospective cohort study

Background: Obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A proper anthropometric characterisation of T2DM risk is essential for disease prevention and clinical risk assessement. Methods: Longitudinal study in 37 733 participants (63% women) of the Spanish EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) cohort without prevalent diabetes. Detailed questionnaire information was collected at baseline and anthropometric data gathered following standard procedures. A total of 2513 verified incident T2DM cases occurred after 12.1 years of mean follow-up. Multivariable Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios of T2DM by levels of anthropometric variables. Results: Overall and central obesity were independently associated with T2DM risk. BMI showed the strongest association with T2DM in men whereas waist-related indices were stronger independent predictors in women. Waist-to-height ratio revealed the largest area under the ROC curve in men and women, with optimal cut-offs at 0.60 and 0.58, respectively. The most discriminative waist circumference (WC) cut-off values were 99.4 cm in men and 90.4 cm in women. Absolute risk of T2DM was higher in men than women for any combination of age, BMI and WC categories, and remained low in normal-waist women. The population risk of T2DM attributable to obesity was 17% in men and 31% in women. Conclusions: Diabetes risk was associated with higher overall and central obesity indices even at normal BMI and WC values. The measurement of waist circumference in the clinical setting is strongly recommended for the evaluation of future T2DM risk in women

A Mendelian randomization study of circulating uric acid and type 2 diabetes

We aimed to investigate the causal effect of circulating uric acid concentrations on type 2 diabetes risk. A Mendelian randomization study was performed using a genetic score with 24 uric acid associated loci. We used data of the EPIC-InterAct case-cohort study, comprising 24,265 individuals of European ancestry from eight European countries. During a mean (SD) follow-up of 10 (4) years, 10,576 verified incident type 2 diabetes cases were ascertained. Higher uric acid associated with higher diabetes risk following adjustment for confounders, with a HR of 1.20 (95%CI: 1.11,1.30) per 59.48 µmol/L (1 mg/dL) uric acid. The genetic score raised uric acid by 17 µmol/L (95%CI: 15,18) per SD increase, and explained 4% of uric acid variation. Using the genetic score to estimate the unconfounded effect found that a 59.48 µmol/L higher uric acid concentration did not have a causal effect on diabetes (HR 1.01, 95%CI: 0.87,1.16). Including data from DIAGRAM consortium, increasing our dataset to 41,508 diabetes cases, the summary OR estimate was 0.99 (95%CI: 0.92, 1.06). In conclusion, our study does not support a causal effect of circulating uric acid on diabetes risk. Uric acid lowering therapies may therefore not be beneficial in reducing diabetes risk

Consumption of Meat, Fish, Dairy Products, and Eggs and Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease.

BACKGROUND: There is uncertainty about the relevance of animal foods to the pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease (IHD). We examined meat, fish, dairy products, and eggs and risk for IHD in the pan-European EPIC cohort (European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition). METHODS: In this prospective study of 409 885 men and women in 9 European countries, diet was assessed with validated questionnaires and calibrated with 24-hour recalls. Lipids and blood pressure were measured in a subsample. During a mean of 12.6 years of follow-up, 7198 participants had a myocardial infarction or died of IHD. The relationships of animal foods with risk were examined with Cox regression with adjustment for other animal foods and relevant covariates. RESULTS: The hazard ratio (HR) for IHD was 1.19 (95% CI, 1.06-1.33) for a 100-g/d increment in intake of red and processed meat, and this remained significant after exclusion of the first 4 years of follow-up (HR, 1.25 [95% CI, 1.09-1.42]). Risk was inversely associated with intakes of yogurt (HR, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.89-0.98] per 100-g/d increment), cheese (HR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.86-0.98] per 30-g/d increment), and eggs (HR, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.88-0.99] per 20-g/d increment); the associations with yogurt and eggs were attenuated and nonsignificant after exclusion of the first 4 years of follow-up. Risk was not significantly associated with intakes of poultry, fish, or milk. In analyses modeling dietary substitutions, replacement of 100 kcal/d from red and processed meat with 100 kcal/d from fatty fish, yogurt, cheese, or eggs was associated with ≈20% lower risk of IHD. Consumption of red and processed meat was positively associated with serum non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration and systolic blood pressure, and consumption of cheese was inversely associated with serum non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. CONCLUSIONS: Risk for IHD was positively associated with consumption of red and processed meat and inversely associated with consumption of yogurt, cheese, and eggs, although the associations with yogurt and eggs may be influenced by reverse causation bias. It is not clear whether the associations with red and processed meat and cheese reflect causality, but they were consistent with the associations of these foods with plasma non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and for red and processed meat with systolic blood pressure, which could mediate such effects.Analyses supported by the UK Medical Research Council (MR/M012190/1), Cancer Research UK (C8221/A19170 and 570/A16491), and the Wellcome Trust (Our Planet Our Health, Livestock Environment and People 205212/Z/16/Z). EPIC-CVD has been supported by the European Union Framework 7 (HEALTH-F2-2012-279233), the European Research Council (268834), the UK Medical Research Council (G0800270 and MR/L003120/1), the British Heart Foundation (SP/09/002 and RG/08/014 and RG13/13/30194), and the UK National Institute of Health Research. The coordination of EPIC is financially supported by the European Commission (DG-SANCO) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The national cohorts are supported by Danish Cancer Society (Denmark); Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Gustave Roussy, Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) (France); German Cancer Aid, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), Deutsche Krebshilfe, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum and Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany); the Hellenic Health Foundation (Greece); Italian Association for Research on Cancer (AIRC), National Research Council (Italy) and MIUR "Dipartimenti di Eccellenza"(Project D15D18000410001) to the Department of Medical Sciences (Italy); Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports (VWS), Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR), LK Research Funds, Dutch Prevention Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF); Health Research Fund (FIS), PI13/00061 to Granada, PI13/01162 to EPIC-Murcia, Regional Governments of Andalucía, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia (no. 6236) and Navarra, ISCIII RETIC (RD06/0020) (Spain); Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Research Council and County Councils of Skåne and Västerbotten (Sweden); Cancer Research UK (14136 to EPICNorfolk; C570/A16491 and C8221/A19170 to EPIC-Oxford), UK Medical Research Council (1000143 to EPIC-Norfolk, MR/M012190/1 to EPIC-Oxford, MC_UU_12015/1 (CL, NJW), and MC_UU_12015/5 (NF), and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Cambridge: Nutrition, Diet, and Lifestyle Research Theme (IS-BRC-1215-20014) to the MRC Epidemiology Unit Cambridge. Kathryn Bradbury holds the Girdlers’ New Zealand Health Research Council Fellowship. Marinka Steur received Core MRC Unit support through the Nutritional Epidemiology Programme (MC_UU_12015/5) whilst at the MRC Epidemiology Unit, and received funding from the Alpro Foundation whilst at the Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit. JD holds a BHF Professorship, NIHR Senior Investigator Award, and ERC Senior Investigator Award. The funders play no role in the design of the study; the collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data; or the decision to approve publication of the finished manuscript. The authors assume full responsibility for analyses and interpretation of these data