La representación social de la inseguridad en jóvenes universitarios ecuatorianos: el caso Ambato

Introduction: Insecurity is a matter for social concern in Ecuador, as well as in many Latin American countries. References to events associated with insecurity are habitual in the communications media and reflect the situation of uncertainty experienced by the population on a daily basis. Objective: An analysis is proposed of the social representation of insecurity. The aim is thus to determine how young people conceive of and explain this social object. Methodology: Information was gathered using qualitative techniques. 271 young university students took part in the study (67% women and 33% men), with a median age of 21.32 (dt: 2.23). Results: Analysis of the central nucleus and peripheral system showed that young people perceive an insecure context characterized by uncertainty and fear of going out to public places or specific zones. This feeling of insecurity is further heightened by the lack of mechanisms to regulate this negative climate, such as the inefficient structure of judicial institutions. In relation to gender differences, it was found that women report experiencing greater fear and vulnerability in their daily lives than men. Conclusions: In Ambato, strategies have been developed to reduce insecurity; however, these mechanisms have not helped to decrease the perception of fear established in the context.La inseguridad es un tema de preocupación social en Ecuador, así como en muchos países Latinoamericanos. La referencia a sucesos relacionados con la inseguridad es habitual en los medios de comunicación y refleja la situación de incertidumbre con la que vive la población cotidianamente por tal, en este estudio se plantea el análisis de la representación social de la inseguridad. En este sentido, se pretende conocer cómo los jóvenes conciben y explican este objeto social. Mediante técnicas cualitativas se realizó la recogida de información. En el estudio participaron 271 jóvenes universitarios (67% mujeres y 33% hombres) con una media de 21.32 años (DT: 2.23). El análisis del núcleo central y del sistema periférico reveló que los jóvenes perciben un contexto inseguro caracterizado por la incertidumbre y el miedo de salir a lugares públicos o zonas específicas. Este sentimiento de inseguridad se ve reforzado por la falta de mecanismos que regulen este clima negativo como lo es la ineficiente estructura en las instituciones judiciales. En relación a las diferencias de género, se evidenció que las mujeres reportan tener mayor miedo y vulnerabilidad en su vida cotidiana, a diferencia de los hombres. En Ambato se han desarrollado estrategias para reducir la inseguridad, sin embargo, estos mecanismos no han ayudado a disminuir la percepción de miedo establecido en el contexto

Validation of chemical and non-chemical antimicrobial interventions applied pre- and post-chilling to reduce microbial populations in broiler carcasses

Higher risks of food-borne illness associated with increased consumption of poultry products make it necessary to identify potential sources of contamination and apply intervention strategies that will prevent or minimize the risk of contamination during processing. This study investigated the effects of chemical and natural decontamination treatments including sprayed application of acidified calcium sulfate (ACS) in combination with -polylysine (EPL), dry-rubbing kosher salt coating and molten paraffin wax dipping application on microbial populations of broiler carcasses and parts. Treatments were evaluated for their effectiveness in reducing the numbers of artificially inoculated rifampicin resistant Salmonella Typhimurium strain NVSL 95-1776 on the skin surface of bone-in chicken breasts. General model procedures were used to find statistical differences (P2 log reductions) were also observed in validation trials in both pre- and post-chilled samples when compared to non-treated pre- and post-chilled controls. Only for psychrotrophic counts, chilled and post-chill interventions did not have a significant effect (P>0.05). The use of molten paraffin wax caused <0.51 CFU/ml log reductions on rifampicin resistant Salmonella Typhimurium in chicken breasts. In addition, drip loss on kosher treated samples was 53.8% lower than non-treated counterparts. However, kosher salt application caused a decrease in lightness (*L values) and yellowness (*b values) on treated carcasses when compared to controls, redness (*a values) were not significantly affected. Results indicate that the combined use of ACS and EPL at the stated conditions and the coating application of kosher salt on broiler carcasses significantly reduce pathogen contamination and microbial indicator loads, thus providing an alternative validated antimicrobial intervention for potential use by the poultry industry

Costos por órdenes de producción y su incidencia en la mejora de toma de decisiones en las industrias de calzado en el distrito de Surquillo, 2015

El presente trabajo de investigación titulado “Costos por órdenes de producción y su incidencia en la mejora de toma de decisiones en las industrias de calzado en el distrito de surquillo, 2015” ha sido desarrollado con la finalidad de solucionar las deficiencias en la determinación de los costos de la producción de las empresas en cada etapa del proceso y expresar la importancia que tiene la contabilidad de costos para la toma de decisiones de una manera rápida y eficaz. Para ello se establece un objetivo principal el cual es Determinar de qué manera los costos por órdenes de producción incide en la mejora de toma de decisiones de las industrias de calzado , surquillo 2015 , siendo así de que este objetivo general se desprenden tres objetivos específicos :a. Demostrar de qué manera los costos por órdenes de producción incide en la transformación del producto de las industrias de calzado surquillo 2015: b . Establecer de qué manera los costos por órdenes de producción incide en los resultados esperados de las industrias de calzado ,surquillo 2015: c.Demostrar de qué manera la medición de desempeño incide en la toma de decisiones de las industrias de calzado surquillo ,2015, Las variables que se han determinado como Variable 1 costos por órdenes de producción , Variable 2 Toma de decisiones , al finalizar la investigación , se podrán confirmar las hipótesis planteadas con respecto a los costos por órdenes y su incidencia en la toma de decisiones de las industrias de calzado del distrito de surquillo , 2015

Correlates of measured prehypertension and hypertension in Latina women living along the US-Mexico border, 2007-2009.

IntroductionAlthough Latinos have lower hypertension rates than non-Latino whites and African Americans, they have a higher prevalence of undiagnosed and uncontrolled hypertension. Research on predictors of hypertension has mostly focused on intrapersonal factors with no studies assessing the combined influence of intrapersonal, interpersonal, and environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to assess a broad range of correlates including intrapersonal, interpersonal, and environmental factors on measured blood pressure category (nonhypertensive, prehypertensive, and hypertensive) in a sample of Latina women residing in San Diego, California.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used baseline data from the San Diego Prevention Research Center's Familias Sanas y Activas program, a promotora-led physical activity intervention. The sample was 331 Latinas who self-selected into this program. Backward conditional logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the strongest correlates of measured blood pressure category.ResultsLogistic regression analysis suggested that the strongest correlates of prehypertension were soda consumption (odds ratio [OR] = 1.34, [1.00-1.80], P ≤ .05) and age (OR = 1.03, [1.00-1.05], P ≤ .05). The strongest correlates of hypertension were soda consumption (OR = 1.92, [1.20-3.07], P ≤ .01), age (OR = 1.09, [1.05-1.13], P ≤ .001), and measured body mass index (OR = 1.13, [1.05-1.22], P ≤ .001). All analyses controlled for age and education. No interpersonal or environmental correlates were significantly associated with blood pressure category.ConclusionFuture research should aim to further understand the role of soda consumption on risk for hypertension in this population. Furthermore, interventions aimed at preventing hypertension may want to focus on intrapersonal level factors

High-Level Synthesis Hardware Design for FPGA-Based Accelerators: Models, Methodologies, and Frameworks

Hardware accelerators based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) and system on chip (SoC) devices have gained attention in recent years. One of the main reasons is that these devices contain reconfigurable logic, which makes them feasible for boosting the performance of applications. High-level synthesis (HLS) tools facilitate the creation of FPGA code from a high level of abstraction using different directives to obtain an optimized hardware design based on performance metrics. However, the complexity of the design space depends on different factors such as the number of directives used in the source code, the available resources in the device, and the clock frequency. Design space exploration (DSE) techniques comprise the evaluation of multiple implementations with different combinations of directives to obtain a design with a good compromise between different metrics. This paper presents a survey of models, methodologies, and frameworks proposed for metric estimation, FPGA-based DSE, and power consumption estimation on FPGA/SoC. The main features, limitations, and trade-offs of these approaches are described. We also present the integration of existing models and frameworks in diverse research areas and identify the different challenges to be addressed

Longitudinal Changes in Response to a Cycle-Run Field Test of Young Male National "Talent identification" and Senior Elite Triathlon Squads.

This study investigated the changes in cardiorespiratory response and running performance of 9 male ?Talent Identification? (TID) and 6 male Senior Elite (SE) Spanish National Squad triathletes during a specific cycle-run test. The TID and SE triathletes (initial age 15.2±0.7 vs. 23.8±5.6 years, p=0.03; tests through the competitive period and the preparatory period, respectively, of two consecutive seasons: Test 1 was an incremental cycle test to determine the ventilatory threshold (Thvent); Test 2 (C-R) was 30 min constant load cycling at the Thvent power output followed by a 3-km time trial run; and Test 3 (R) was an isolated 3-km time trial control run, in randomized counterbalanced order. In both seasons the time required to complete the C-R 3-km run was greater than for R in TID (11:09±00:24 vs. 10:45±00:16 min:ss, pmenor que 0.01; and 10:24±00:22 vs. 10:04±00:14, p=0.006, for season 2005/06 and 2006/07, respectively) and SE (10:15±00:19 vs. 09:45±00:30, pmenor que 0.001 and 09:51±00:26 vs. 09:46±00:06, p= 0.02 for season 2005/06 and 2006/07, respectively). Compared to the first season, completion of the time trial run was faster in the second season (6.6%, pmenor que 0.01 and 6.4%, pmenor que 0.01, for C-R and R test, respectively) only in TID. Changes in post-cycling run performance were accompanied by changes in pacing strategy but only slight or non-significant changes in the cardiorespiratory response. Thus, the negative effect of cycling on performance may persist, independently of the period, over two consecutive seasons in TID and SE triathletes; however A improvements over time suggests that monitoring running pacing strategy after cycling may be a useful tool to control performance and training adaptations in TID. O2max 77.0±5.6 vs. 77.8±3.6 mL·kg-1·min-1, NS) underwent three TE D EP C

Comercio electrónico como modelo de crecimiento financiero en las empresas durante la pandemia, estudio del caso

Esta investigación observa e identifica los beneficios y consecuencias del rápido crecimiento del comercio electrónico en Colombia. El COVID 19 llevaron a las compañías a innovar sus estrategias de comercialización de productos. Ante la crisis mundial y las dificultades de los consumidores para satisfacer sus necesidades se recurre al uso de medios tecnológicos como alternativa accesible. El comercio electrónico se ha convertido en una herramienta fundamental, ya que permite realizar transacciones e intercambios de bienes y servicios son la necesidad de la presencialidad del cliente, sin embargo, muchos emprendedores carecían de conocimientos en esta área, lo que generó dificultades para adaptarse a esta nueva tendencia. Esta investigación analizaremos con profundidad los diferentes indicadores que impactaron esta nueva tendencia comercial electrónica y usar estos datos como herramientas de crecimiento en las demás empresas que no cuentan con esta innovación de mercado mediante un enfoque financiero.Universidad Libre-Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Administrativas y Contables- Especialización en Gerencia Financiera InternacionalThis research observes and identifies the benefits and consequences of the rapid growth of ecommerce in Colombia. The COVID 19 led companies to innovate their product marketing strategies. In the face of the global crisis and the difficulties of consumers to satisfy their needs, the use of technological means is resorted to as an accessible alternative. E-commerce has become a fundamental tool, since it allows transactions and exchanges of goods and services without the need for the customer to be in person, however, many entrepreneurs lacked knowledge in this area, which generated difficulties in adapting to this new trend. This research will analyze in depth the different indicators that impacted this new electronic commercial trend and use these data as tools for growth in other companies that do not have this market innovation through a financial approach

Pediatric Emergency Cases in the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Tertiary-Level Emergency Setting

Aim: Emergency cases are uncommon events in the pediatric emergency setting. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic by describing the number and type of pediatric emergency cases that arrived at the pediatric emergency department (PED) of a tertiary-level children's hospital in Italy. Methods: We performed a retrospective study, collecting the main features of pediatric emergency patients who arrived during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020-February 2021) compared to the pre-pandemic period (March 2016-February 2020). Results: During the study period, 112,168 patients were visited at the PED, and 237 (0.21%) were emergency cases, median age of 4 years (IQR: 1-12). In the first year of the pandemic, 42 children were coded as emergency cases compared to 195 (49/year) during the pre-pandemic period. The proportion of emergency cases was stable (0.27% during the COVID-19 period versus 0.20% during the pre-COVID-19 period, p = 0.19). No differences were found regarding the age, gender, hour of arrival, and outcome of patients. We found a significant decrease in the proportion of emergency cases related to respiratory diseases (9/42, 21.4% during the COVID-19 period versus 83/195 during the pre-COVID-19 period (42.6%), p = 0.01). Conclusion: In conclusion, our data suggest that the pandemic had a more significant impact on respiratory emergency cases than on pediatric emergencies in general

Estrategia didáctica mediada por el aprendizaje autorregulado para el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico en educación artística

The purpose of this research was to design a didactic strategy mediated by self-regulated learning for the development of critical thinking skills in the area of ​​artistic education in the discipline of plastic and visual arts. Starting from a mixed approach, it began, from a quantitative study through a non-experimental design, with the identification of students' critical thinking skills and self-regulation skills. Then, the qualitative study was developed, in which, through a phenomenological design, the components of the didactic strategy were determined and the factors of the self-regulation of learning in it were analyzed. To collect quantitative data, a self-administered questionnaire was applied to 27 students, while to obtain qualitative data, a semi-structured interview was carried out with 5 teachers. Then, based on a descriptive analysis, it was evidenced that, although there are critical thinking skills and self-regulation skills in students, these are not developed to a great extent and require strengthening. In addition, it was pointed out that for the development of the didactic strategy the teachers suggest to propose artistic activities that contain motivating elements and self-reflection. Thus, the rescue that was carried out in this research to the virtues of art and how through self-regulation critical thinking skills are developed, which can lead to personal and social transformation of young people has a great importance.Esta investigación tuvo como propósito diseñar una estrategia didáctica mediada por el aprendizaje autorregulado para el desarrollo de habilidades del pensamiento crítico en el área de educación artística en la disciplina de artes plásticas y visuales. Partiendo de un enfoque mixto, se inició, desde un estudio cuantitativo a través de un diseño no experimental, con la identificación de las habilidades del pensamiento crítico y las competencias de autorregulación de los estudiantes. Luego, se dio desarrollo al estudio cualitativo, en el que, por medio de un diseño fenomenológico, se determinaron los componentes de la estrategia didáctica y se analizaron los factores de la autorregulación del aprendizaje en esta. Para la recolección de los datos cuantitativos se aplicó un cuestionario autodoligenciable a 27 estudiante, mientras que para la obtención de los datos cualitativos se realizó una entrevista semiestructurada a 5 docentes. Entonces, con base en un análisis descriptivo, se evidenció que, si bien existen habilidades del pensamiento crítico y competencias de autorregulación en los estudiantes, estas no están desarrolladas en gran medida y requieren de un fortalecimiento. Además, se señaló que para el desarrollo de la estrategia didáctica los docentes proponen plantear actividades artísticas que contengan elementos motivadores y de autorreflexión. Así, es de gran importancia el rescate que se realizó en esta investigación a las virtudes del arte y el cómo a través de la autorregulación se desarrollan habilidades del pensamiento crítico, lo que puede llevar a la transformación personal y social de los jóvenes