Una Didáctica Especial para un Grupo Peculiar. La Educación de Adultos en Melilla

A menudo, los adultos que acceden a programas de educación, afrontan su formación compensatoria "aprovechando" las metodologías y los materiales de otros niveles educativos ajenos a sus propias y peculiares características. Sin embargo, es sabido que no puede haber ima didáctica específica sin considerar al grupo destinatario, que, en el caso de\ud los adultos, es, a veces, relegado a im segundo plano. Generalmente, este grupo puede tener una dificultad añadida: que gran parte de sus integrantes procedan de otros países con distinto idioma, como en el caso de Melilla, con los hablantes de amazige.\ud Este artículo pretende esbozar las bases de una didáctica destinada a la Educación de\ud Adultos, así como reivindicar su contemplación en la formación de los futuros maestros

Partial extinction and reinstatement

Fear extinction is not permanent but more vulnerable than the original fear memory, as relapse phenomena have traditionally shown. Partial extinction has been proposed as a strategy that may serve to mitigate relapses. Partial extinction differs from the standard procedure as it includes the occasional presentation of CS-US trials at the beginning of the extinction training. The present experiment, using an aversive differential conditioning procedure, evaluates whether partial extinction can reduce reinstatement, a specific form of relapse. The results showed that partial extinction did not mitigate reinstatement but proved effective to diminish the magnitude of the US expectation after a first reacquisition trial in a final test phase. The results reported are more consistent with theories that conceives extinction as the acquisition of new inhibitory learning rather than the erasure of the original conditioning.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Editorial

Volume 53(3) of Publications, corresponding to the second regular issue of the year 2023, is presented, with 9 papers around four fundamental axes.Se presenta el volumen 53(3) de Publicaciones, correspondiente al segundo número ordinario del año 2023, con 9 trabajos en torno a cuatro ejes fundamentales

Safety of permanent pacemaker implantation: a prospective study

Although pacemaker implantation is considered to be low risk, it is not exempt from complications and technical failures during the procedure, both in the short and long term, and the complications that such patients may present remain unknown. The aim has been to analyze the complication rates associated with permanent pacing and to identify if these differ between patients with or without previous antithrombotic therapy. We used a prospective, single center, observational study of 310 adult patients with indications of permanent pacing. They were hospitalized from 1 January to 31 December 2014 and followed up for 6 months after the pacemaker implant. The participants were distributed into two groups according to the antithrombotic therapy prior to the implant. The most frequent major complications were pneumothorax (3.87%) and lead dislodgement (8.39%), while superficial phlebitis (12.90%) and uncomplicated hematomas (22.58%) were presented as the most recurrent minor complications. Hematomas were the most frequent minor complication in the antithrombotic therapy cohort, and shoulder pain was reported as the most recurrent minor complication in the non-exposed group. Finding out about complications in pacemaker implants enables a complete view of the process, and hence the prioritization of actions aimed at improving safety and reducing associated risks

Análisis del fenómeno de segregación vertical en el sector de la construcción andaluz

La competitividad, por su valor estratégico e influyente en la consecución del éxito, se ha convertido en el tema central de la gestión de entidades de todo tipo. En consecuencia, el capital humano de sus directivas/os se convierte en una inversión muy rentable, por su relevancia y repercusión en la consecución de los objetivos organizacionales. Bajo esta premisa hemos realizado una mirada al sector de la construcción en Andalucía observando que aún conserva su histórico carácter masculino, articulado en torno a estructuras de poder dirigidas en su mayoría por hombres. Para el análisis de la pérdida de talento femenino en el sector y sus consecuencias hemos utilizado una metodología mixta que combina los beneficios de la entrevista en profundidad, como metodología cualitativa, y la aplicación de un tamiz de categorías, en la obtención de resultados cuantitativos. De este modo pretendemos recabar y sistematizar toda aquella información que nos permita describir y aportar luz a cuestiones tan significativas como: el perfil humano y profesional de la persona directiva; las contingencias específicas en el acceso y promoción al puesto directivo; el ejercicio del liderazgo; el riesgo de afrontar la dirección; y la gestión del cambio

GEANT4 application for the simulation of the head of a siemens primus linac

The Monte Carlo simulation of the head of a Siemens Primus Linac used at Virgen Macarena Hospital (Sevilla, Spain) has been performed using the code GEANT4 [1-2], version 9.2. In this work, the main features of the application built by our group are presented. They are mainly focused in the optimization of the performance of the simulation. The geometry, including the water phantom, has been entirely wrapped by a shielding volume which discards all the particles escaping far away through its walls. With this, a factor of four in the time spent by the simulation can be saved. An interface to read and write phase-space files in IAEA format has been also developed to save CPU time in our simulations [3-4]. Finally, some calculations of the dose absorption in the water phantom have been done and compared with the results given by EGSnrc [5] and with experimental data obtained for the calibration of the machine

Carbon materials as template for the preparation of mixed oxides with controlled morphology

Resumen del libro de actas del Congreso: 5th Czech-Italian-Spanish Conference on Molecular Sieves and Catalysis, celebrado en Segovia del 16 al 19 de junio de 2013Bulk mixed oxide catalysts are widely used for many applications, such as catalysts for selective oxidation processes, electrocatalysts for fuel cells, gas sensors, and solid oxide electrolysers for the production of hydrogen. VPO (vanadium and phosphorous oxides) are one of the bulk mixed oxide materials which are of interest nowadays since they are active catalysts for saturated hydrocarbon activation. With the conventional synthesis procedures for preparing bulk mixed oxides is really difficult to control the morphology and the porous structure of these materials. In practice, there are just a few works about the synthesis of mixed oxide materials with controlled morphology. The aim of this work was to describe new approaches for the preparation of VPO mixed oxides materials with spherical morphology. A carbon material was prepared using cellulose as starting material by hydrothermal treatment with phosphoric acid at 200ºC and carbonized at 500ºC. SEM analysis showed that carbon spheres with diameter up to 0.5 m were prepared by this procedure. These phosphorous containing carbon material was impregnated with the appropriate amount of vanadium oxide species in order to obtain a monolayer of VOx species on the surface of the carbon materials following a procedure described previously (1). By this manner, a carbon supported VOx material with spherical morphology was obtained (VPO/Csph). The calcination of this material was optimized in order to obtain VPO spheres with diameter up to 1-2 m and with BET area values close to 100 m2/g. Figure 1 shows a SEM image of this sample (VPOsph). The presence of vanadium pyrophosphate phase, which has been described as the active phase of this catalytic system, was identified by XRD and Raman spectroscopy. Thus, the chemical composition as well as the morphology and porous structure of these new spherical materials makes them quite promising as catalysts

Cáncer de pulmón microcítico: revisión

Twenty percent of all lung cancers are of small cells (CPCP). More than half occur to people aged 60 and more. Due to its fast dissemination, most of them show symptoms when diagnosed (90%). These symptoms can be derived from its locoregional extension, metastases or can have a paraneoplastical origin. Anamnesis and thorough physical exploration are essential for the initial evaluation and adequate treatment. In addition to a blood analysis with determination of enzymes such as lactate dehydrogenase which helps in prognosis, thorax and abdominal computed tomography (CT), bone gammagraphy and cerebral CT or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allow optimum estadification. Although CPCP is chemo- and radio-sensitive, small progress has been achieved in the last years and its mortality rate is high. The objective of this paper is to revise all these aspects related to CPCP

Do the sex differences play such an important role in explaining performance in spatial tasks?

Authors posting Accepted Author Manuscript online should later add a citation for the Published Journal Article indicating that the Article was subsequently published, and may mention the journal title provided they add the following text at the beginning of the document: “NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Personality and individual differences. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Personality and individual differences, [VOL#, ISSUE#, (DATE)] DOI#”The largest average sex differences in cognitive performance derives from spatial tasks (Voyer, Voyer, & Bryden, 1995). Analyses performed to date have not been able to satisfactorily explain this difference in performance. Frequently, the ‘‘sex’’ variable is considered a causal factor. However, ‘‘sex’’ is a broad category that entails so many confounding factors that it is nearly impossible to consider it as a causal factor. It would be more appropriate to consider the ‘‘sex’’ variable like a construct that requires the analysis of the test’s cognitive requirements. This research is aimed at explaining sex differences in spatial task performance in terms of sex differences in lower-level cognitive processes. In the task at hand (SODT, Spatial Orientation Dynamic Test) we identified three processes that can be evaluated independently: Mental Rotation (MR), Spatial Orientation (SO), and Time Management (TM). The correlation between these proceses was relatively low (.16 < r < .36). Together, the three variables explain a significant portion of the variance in performance (R2 = 0.871). The variable Gender, surprisingly, did not increase the percentage of explained variance. The results are discussed in relation to the objective of identifying the psychological variables that account for differences in spatial tasks due to sex of the sample.This work has been partially funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (Science & Technology State Department) (SEJ2007-64448/PSIC) and by the Scientific-Technical Collaboration Agreement AENA-UAM/785005