The Importance of Creative Industry Agglomerations in Explaining the Wealth of European Regions

This paper examines the existence of regional agglomerations of manufacturing, service and creative industries, the relationship between these industries and the wealth of regions and their industrial structure. Through an analysis of 250 European regions, three important conclusions can be inferred from the results obtained in this paper. The first is that creative industries play an important role in the wealth of a region. The second is that the most creative regions are characterized by having more high-tech manufacturing industries than the rest of the regions although the number of low-tech manufacturing firms is similar. Lastly, the industrial structure of each region has a greater influence on regional wealth than the existence of industrial agglomerations. The importance of this paper resides in the fact that up until now no analysis has demonstrated that creative industries are the most important industries in regional wealth.

La población

En este artículo se trata del crecimiento demográfico desde la independencia y más especialmente desde 1959, analizando sus componentes: la fecundidad, la mortalidad y la migración externa. Sigue el estudio de la distribución territorial de la población y la migración interna, que responde a las corrientes rurales-urbanas, hacia territorios y ciudades en desarrollo, y de oriente a occidente de la Isla. El siguiente epígrafe analiza la estructura demográfica de la población, prestando atención al género y a los grupos de edad, que indican cierto envejecimiento. Del artículo se deduce que Cuba comparte con las sociedades avanzadas, la generalidad de sus índices demográficos: baja fecundidad y mortalidad, disminución de la natalidad y de la mortalidad infantil, aumento de la esperanza media de vida y aceleración en el proceso de envejecimiento, proceso de urbanización, intensa movilidad territorial, etc.This article deals with demographic grocoth since 1959, especially fertility, mortality and external migration. It loovy at the geographical distribution of Cuban population and internal migration, and the demographic structure of the country as far as gendre and age is concerned. Cuba has, like most advanced societies, low fertility, mortality, birth rates and higher rates of life spend and internal migration and mobility

Azimuthal distinguishability of entangled photons generated in spontaneous parametric down-conversion

We experimentally demonstrate that paired photons generated in different sections of a down-conversion cone, when some of the interacting waves show Poynting vector walk-off, carry different spatial correlations, and therefore a different degree of spatial entanglement. This is shown to be in agreement with theoretical results. We also discuss how this azimuthal distinguishing information of the down-conversion cone is relevant for the implementation of quantum sources aimed at the generation of entanglement in other degrees of freedom, such as polarization.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Opt. Expres

Analysing innovation in museums through qualitative comparative analysis

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Knowledge Management Research & Practice, on 22/04/2019, available online: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14778238.2019.1601505[EN] The aim of this paper is to analyse innovation in the processes undertaken by museums in the conservation and restoration of artworks. Information from 90 conservation and restoration departments from museums in 43 countries was analysed using qualitative comparative analysis. Two theoretical concepts - knowledge bases (analytical, synthetic, symbolic) and modes of innovations (Science, Technology and Innovation; Doing, Using, and Interacting) - were used to define necessary and sufficient conditions which explain innovation in artwork restoration. Two important results were obtained from the analysis. The first indicated that innovation was explained by the combination of symbolic and analytical knowledge bases (unrelated variety), and high innovation performance was also explained by the related variety in the analytical knowledge base. The second result revealed that innovation is higher when museums cooperate simultaneously with partners using the two modes of innovation.This work was supported by the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia [Research Project n. 2677-UPV, and SP20120346].De-Miguel-Molina, B.; Boix Domenech, R.; De-Miguel-Molina, M. (2019). Analysing innovation in museums through qualitative comparative analysis. Knowledge Management Research & Practice. 17(2):213-226. https://doi.org/10.1080/14778238.2019.1601505213226172Apanasovich, N. (2014). Modes of Innovation: A Grounded Meta-Analysis. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 7(3), 720-737. doi:10.1007/s13132-014-0237-0Apanasovich, N., Alcalde Heras, H., & Parrilli, M. D. (2016). The impact of business innovation modes on SME innovation performance in post-Soviet transition economies: The case of Belarus. Technovation, 57-58, 30-40. doi:10.1016/j.technovation.2016.05.001Asheim, B. (2007). DIFFERENTIATED KNOWLEDGE BASES AND VARIETIES OF REGIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, 20(3), 223-241. doi:10.1080/13511610701722846Asheim, B., & Hansen, H. K. (2009). Knowledge Bases, Talents, and Contexts: On the Usefulness of the Creative Class Approach in Sweden. Economic Geography, 85(4), 425-442. doi:10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01051.xAsheim, B. T., Boschma, R., & Cooke, P. (2011). Constructing Regional Advantage: Platform Policies Based on Related Variety and Differentiated Knowledge Bases. Regional Studies, 45(7), 893-904. doi:10.1080/00343404.2010.543126Asheim, B. T., & Coenen, L. (2005). Knowledge bases and regional innovation systems: Comparing Nordic clusters. Research Policy, 34(8), 1173-1190. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2005.03.013Aslesen, H. W., & Pettersen, I. B. (2017). Entrepreneurial firms in STI and DUI mode clusters: do they need differentiated cluster facilitation? European Planning Studies, 25(6), 904-922. doi:10.1080/09654313.2017.1300238Boschma, R. (2018). A Concise History of the Knowledge Base Literature: Challenging Questions for Future Research. New Avenues for Regional Innovation Systems - Theoretical Advances, Empirical Cases and Policy Lessons, 23-40. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-71661-9_2Castro‐Martínez, E., Recasens, A., & Jiménez‐Sáez, F. (2013). Innovation systems in motion: an early music case. Management Decision, 51(6), 1276-1292. doi:10.1108/md-11-2011-0433Fitjar, R. D., & Rodríguez-Pose, A. (2013). Firm collaboration and modes of innovation in Norway. Research Policy, 42(1), 128-138. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2012.05.009González-Pernía, J. L., Parrilli, M. D., & Peña-Legazkue, I. (2014). STI–DUI learning modes, firm–university collaboration and innovation. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 40(3), 475-492. doi:10.1007/s10961-014-9352-0Grillitsch, M., Martin, R., & Srholec, M. (2016). Knowledge Base Combinations and Innovation Performance in Swedish Regions. Economic Geography, 93(5), 458-479. doi:10.1080/00130095.2016.1154442Grillitsch, M., & Trippl, M. (2013). Combining Knowledge from Different Sources, Channels and Geographical Scales. European Planning Studies, 22(11), 2305-2325. doi:10.1080/09654313.2013.835793Hauge, E. S., Kyllingstad, N., Maehle, N., & Schulze-Krogh, A. C. (2017). Developing cross-industry innovation capability: regional drivers and indicators within firms. European Planning Studies, 25(3), 388-405. doi:10.1080/09654313.2016.1276158Herstad, S. J., Aslesen, H. W., & Ebersberger, B. (2014). On industrial knowledge bases, commercial opportunities and global innovation network linkages. Research Policy, 43(3), 495-504. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2013.08.003Hervas-Oliver, J.-L., Sempere-Ripoll, F., Boronat-Moll, C., & Rojas, R. (2014). Technological innovation without R&D: unfolding the extra gains of management innovations on technological performance. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 27(1), 19-38. doi:10.1080/09537325.2014.944147Hervas-Oliver, J.-L., Sempere-Ripoll, F., Boronat-Moll, C., & Rojas-Alvarado, R. (2017). On the joint effect of technological and management innovations on performance: increasing or diminishing returns? Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 30(5), 569-581. doi:10.1080/09537325.2017.1343462Ingstrup, M. B., Jensen, S., & Christensen, P. R. (2017). Cluster evolution and the change of knowledge bases: the development of a design cluster. European Planning Studies, 25(2), 202-220. doi:10.1080/09654313.2016.1276885Isaksen, A., & Nilsson, M. (2013). Combined Innovation Policy: Linking Scientific and Practical Knowledge in Innovation Systems. European Planning Studies, 21(12), 1919-1936. doi:10.1080/09654313.2012.722966Isaksen, A., & Trippl, M. (2017). Innovation in space: the mosaic of regional innovation patterns. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 33(1), 122-140. doi:10.1093/oxrep/grw035Jensen, M. B., Johnson, B., Lorenz, E., & Lundvall, B. Å. (2007). Forms of knowledge and modes of innovation. Research Policy, 36(5), 680-693. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2007.01.006Klein, R. R. (2011). Where music and knowledge meet: a comparison of temporary events in Los Angeles and Columbus, Ohio. Area, 43(3), 320-326. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4762.2011.00997.xKvětoň, V., & Kadlec, V. (2018). Evolution of knowledge bases in European regions: searching for spatial regularities and links with innovation performance. European Planning Studies, 26(7), 1366-1388. doi:10.1080/09654313.2018.1464128Laestadius, S. (2002). Biotechnology and the Potential for a Radical Shift of Technology in Forest Industry. Economics of Science, Technology and Innovation, 333-362. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0915-8_11Longo, M., Mariani, M. M., & Mura, M. (2009). The effect of intellectual capital attributes on organizational performance. The case of the Bologna Opera House. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 7(4), 365-376. doi:10.1057/kmrp.2009.28Manniche, J. (2012). Combinatorial Knowledge Dynamics: On the Usefulness of the Differentiated Knowledge Bases Model. European Planning Studies, 20(11), 1823-1841. doi:10.1080/09654313.2012.723423Manniche, J., Moodysson, J., & Testa, S. (2016). Combinatorial Knowledge Bases: An Integrative and Dynamic Approach to Innovation Studies. Economic Geography, 93(5), 480-499. doi:10.1080/00130095.2016.1205948Martin, R. (2012). Measuring Knowledge Bases in Swedish Regions. European Planning Studies, 20(9), 1569-1582. doi:10.1080/09654313.2012.708022Martin, R., & Moodysson, J. (2011). Comparing knowledge bases: on the geography and organization of knowledge sourcing in the regional innovation system of Scania, Sweden. European Urban and Regional Studies, 20(2), 170-187. doi:10.1177/0969776411427326McIver, D., Fitzsimmons, S., & Lengnick-Hall, C. (2018). Integrating knowledge in organizations: examining performance and integration difficulties. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 17(1), 14-23. doi:10.1080/14778238.2018.1538667Mohammadi, A., Broström, A., & Franzoni, C. (2017). Workforce Composition and Innovation: How Diversity in Employees’ Ethnic and Educational Backgrounds Facilitates Firm-Level Innovativeness. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 34(4), 406-426. doi:10.1111/jpim.12388Mol, M. J., & Birkinshaw, J. (2014). The Role of External Involvement in the Creation of Management Innovations. Organization Studies, 35(9), 1287-1312. doi:10.1177/0170840614539313Moodysson, J., Coenen, L., & Asheim, B. (2008). Explaining Spatial Patterns of Innovation: Analytical and Synthetic Modes of Knowledge Creation in the Medicon Valley Life-Science Cluster. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 40(5), 1040-1056. doi:10.1068/a39110Müller, K., Rammer, C., & Trüby, J. (2009). The role of creative industries in industrial innovation. Innovation, 11(2), 148-168. doi:10.5172/impp.11.2.148Nunes, S., & Lopes, R. (2015). Firm Performance, Innovation Modes and Territorial Embeddedness. European Planning Studies, 23(9), 1796-1826. doi:10.1080/09654313.2015.1021666(2015). Frascati Manual 2015. The Measurement of Scientific, Technological and Innovation Activities. doi:10.1787/9789264239012-enParrilli, M. D., & Alcalde Heras, H. (2016). STI and DUI innovation modes: Scientific-technological and context-specific nuances. Research Policy, 45(4), 747-756. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2016.01.001Pina, K., & Tether, B. S. (2016). Towards understanding variety in knowledge intensive business services by distinguishing their knowledge bases. Research Policy, 45(2), 401-413. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2015.10.005Plum, O., & Hassink, R. (2014). Knowledge bases, innovativeness and competitiveness in creative industries: the case of Hamburg’s video game developers. Regional Studies, Regional Science, 1(1), 248-268. doi:10.1080/21681376.2014.967803Protogerou, A., Kontolaimou, A., & Caloghirou, Y. (2016). Innovation in the European creative industries: a firm-level empirical approach. Industry and Innovation, 24(6), 587-612. doi:10.1080/13662716.2016.1263551Ragin, C. C. (2008). Redesigning Social Inquiry. doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226702797.001.0001Teixeira, S. J., Veiga, P. M., & Fernandes, C. A. (2019). The knowledge transfer and cooperation between universities and enterprises. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 17(4), 449-460. doi:10.1080/14778238.2018.1561166Thomä, J. (2017). DUI mode learning and barriers to innovation—A case from Germany. Research Policy, 46(7), 1327-1339. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2017.06.004Tödtling, F., & Grillitsch, M. (2015). Does Combinatorial Knowledge Lead to a Better Innovation Performance of Firms? European Planning Studies, 23(9), 1741-1758. doi:10.1080/09654313.2015.1056773Van Tuijl, E., & Carvalho, L. (2014). Knowledge Sourcing, Knowledge Bases, and the Spatial Organisation of Car Design. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 46(8), 1966-1982. doi:10.1068/a4628

Enfoque sectorial en el análisis de riesgos

Como analista de riesgo desempeñándome dentro de una entidad financiera, atravieso todos los días el desafío de generar a través de una correcta utilización de las herramientas técnicas, de la eficiencia y la intuición, un análisis amplio circunscripto a la decisión de otorgar o no un crédito, de renovar o no los antecedentes crediticios de un cliente y determinar su capacidad de pago. A través de este trabajo de aplicación, pretendo mejorar la calidad de nuestros informes haciendo hincapié principalmente en parámetros que demuestren alta incidencia en la situación patrimonial, económica y financiera de la empresa que se está analizando. Para ello, buscaremos con la ayuda del análisis de balances y el estudio del sector (durante un período de 5 años), cuáles fueron aquellos índices o ratios que se vieron más afectados (mayor fluctuación interanual) y su explicación a los cambios. Se espera, sumar criterio a la tarea realizada diariamente, foco al análisis específico de cada sector y reflexión de lo importante que resultaría anexar al análisis técnico, el estudio del contexto económico y sectorial.Fil: Molina, Blanca Silvia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas; Argentina

_20 dancers for the XX century_. The Museo Reina Sofía, is it a dancing museum?

El cubo blanco es un espacio que inicialmente no está concebido para la danza, sin embargo, desde los años 90 se produce un giro coreográfico a partir del cual ciertas prácticas que podemos definir como dance exhibitions cobran protagonismo en museos por todo el mundo. Este artículo aborda las problemáticas y posibilidades que este giro plantea, y cómo estas se hacen efectivas en un caso de estudio concreto: 20 dancers for the XX century del coreógrafo Boris Charmatz, en su versión realizada en 2016 dentro del Programa de Actividades Públicas del Museo Reina Sofía. Además, el análisis de esta actividad permitirá un acercamiento a los procesos de musealización de la danza en España, que presentan ciertas particularidades y se encuentran escasamente documentados.The white cube is a space that is not conceived for dance, however, since the ‘90s a choreographic turn takes place from which certain practices that we can define as dance exhibitions gain prominence in museums all over the world. This paper addresses the problems and possibilities that this turn sets out, and how these are made effective in a specific case study: 20 dancers for the XX century by choreographer Boris Charmatz, in its version made in 2016 within the Program of Public Activities of the Museo Reina Sofía. In addition, highlighting this activity will facilitate an approach to the processes of musealization of dance in Spain, which have certain peculiarities and are poorly documented

La percepción de las cualidades del sonido a través del movimiento: una propuesta didáctica de aula con audición musical activa para Educación Infantil

El presente trabajo Fin de Grado se basa en un estudio bibliográfico sobre la importancia de la música y la expresión musical en la etapa de Educación Infantil, centrada en un estudio del sonido y sus cualidades, y la expresión musical en relación con la expresión corporal. También aporta una propuesta didáctica de aula, en la que se trabajan las cualidades del sonido a través del movimiento.The current essay based on a bibliography study about musical importance and musical expression during the stage of toddler education. Moreover, it is based on the study of sound and its parameters and musical expression though corporal expression. Furthermore, it offers a didactic proposal in which sound parameters are worked through body movement.Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y CorporalGrado en Educación Infanti

Why and how hotel groups in luxury segments give back to their communities

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: de‐Miguel‐Molina, B, de‐Miguel‐Molina, M, Segarra‐Oña, M, Peiró‐Signes, A. Why and how hotel groups in luxury segments give back to their communities. Int J Tourism Res. 2018; 20: 100‐ 114. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2166, which has been published in final form at http://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2166. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.[EN] The paper analyses why and how hotel groups become involved in their communities through philanthropic activities. The analysis focuses on hotel groups with brands in the luxury, upper upscale, and upscale segments. The qualitative information disclosed in reports and websites by 243 hotel brands was studied to answer questions about who is involved, how they participate, and who they target. The study then focused on the 130 hotel groups owning these brands, and a qualitative comparative analysis was used to explain the combination of causal conditions explaining why hotel groups participate in their communities. The causal conditions in the analysis included the participation of different stakeholders, the characteristics of the hotel groups, and the culture of the countries. Results indicate that there is a trade¿off between customer and employee participation in philanthropy, that customer involvement requires the presence of luxury brands, and that the culture of the countries (religion and altruism) stimulates the philanthropic behaviour of hotel groups.De-Miguel-Molina, B.; De-Miguel-Molina, M.; Segarra-Oña, M.; Peiró Signes, A. (2018). Why and how hotel groups in luxury segments give back to their communities. International Journal of Tourism Research. 20(1):100-114. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.216610011420

User involvement before the development of an indoor RPAS for the creative industries

[EN] This paper presents user needs and preferences gathered prior to the development of an indoor remotely piloted air system. A literature review was carried out to analyse previous studies about the involvement of users in the design of indoor unmanned aerial vehicles. Subsequently, the results of these user needs obtained from three focus groups held in European countries (Belgium, Spain and United Kingdom) are presented here. Through a content analysis of the information obtained in the focus groups, 40 codes and 4 variables were defined and used to examine the differences between types of users and their previous experience with drones. The literature review gave support to the results obtained through users¿ involvement in the features to be included in a new unmanned aerial vehicle. Non-parametric tests and qualitative comparative analysis were used to analyse the information gathered in the focus groups. The results revealed few differences between artists working in creative industries and drone operators working for the creative industries. These differences affected features such as detecting and avoiding obstacles, which requires the inclusion of sensors. In addition, previous experience with drones was found to be a sufficient condition to explain greater concerns over safety, ethical and security issues in indoor environments.The author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by the European Commission (H2020, grant number 732433).De-Miguel-Molina, B.; De-Miguel-Molina, M.; Santamarina-Campos, V.; Segarra-Oña, M. (2021). User involvement before the development of an indoor RPAS for the creative industries. International Journal of Micro Air Vehicles. 13:1-14. https://doi.org/10.1177/17568293219921401141