7 research outputs found
Nonverbale Kommunikation im Videotranskript. Zu nonverbalen Aspekten hƶflichen Handelns in interekulturellen Konstellationen und ihrer Darstellung in computergestĆ¼ttzten Videotranskripten.
Rehbein J, Fienemann J, Ohlhus S, Oldƶrp C. Nonverbale Kommunikation im Videotranskript. Zu nonverbalen Aspekten hƶflichen Handelns in interekulturellen Konstellationen und ihrer Darstellung in computergestĆ¼ttzten Videotranskripten. In: MoĢhn D, Ross D, Tjarks-Sobhani M, eds. Mediensprache und Medienlinguistik: Festschrift fuĢr JoĢrg Hennig. Sprache in der Gesellschaft. Frankfurt am Main ; New York: Lang; 2001: 167-198
Feeding Frequency and Type of Isotope Tracer Do Not Affect Direct Estimates of Lysine Oxidation in Growing Pigs
Effects of energy intake and body weight on physical and chemical body composition in growing entire male pigs1,2
The tryptophan requirement of growing and finishing barrows1,2,3
Five experiments were conducted to determine the true ileal digestible Trp (tidTrp) requirement of growing and finishing pigs fed diets (as-fed basis) containing 0.87% (Exp. 3), 0.70% (Exp. 4), 0.61% (Exp. 5), and 0.52% (Exp. 1 and 2) tidLys during the early-grower, late-grower, early-finisher, and late-finisher periods, respectively. Treatments were replicated with three or four replications, with three or four pigs per replicate pen. Treatment differences were considered significant at P = 0.10. Experiment 1 was conducted with 27 pigs (initial and final BW of 78.3 Ā± 0.5 and 109.8 Ā± 1.9 kg) to validate whether a corn-feather meal (FM) tidTrp-deficient (0.07%) diet, when supplemented with 0.07% crystalline L-Trp, would result in growth performance and carcass traits similar to a conventional corn-soybean meal (C-SBM) diet. Pigs fed the corn-FM diet without Trp supplementation had decreased growth performance and carcass traits, and increased plasma urea N (PUN) concentration. Supplementing the corn-FM diet with Trp resulted in greater ADG and G:F than pigs fed the positive control C-SBM diet. Pigs fed the corn-FM diet had similar carcass traits as pigs fed the C-SBM diet, but loin muscle area was decreased and fat thickness was increased. In Exp. 2, 60 pigs (initial and final BW of 74.6 Ā± 0.50 and 104.5 Ā± 1.64 kg) were used to estimate the tidTrp requirement of finishing pigs. The levels of tidTrp used in Exp. 2 were 0.06, 0.08, 0.10, 0.12, or 0.14% (as-fed basis). Response variables were growth performance, PUN concentrations, and carcass traits and quality. For Exp. 2, the average of the estimates calculated by broken-line regression was 0.104% tidTrp. In Exp. 3,4, and 5, barrows (n = 60, 60, or 80, respectively) were allotted to five dietary treatments supplemented with crystalline L-Trp at increments of 0.02%. The basal diets contained 0.13, 0.09, and 0.07% tidTrp (as-fed basis) in Exp. 3, 4, and 5, and initial BW of the pigs in these experiments were 30.9 Ā± 0.7, 51.3 Ā± 1.1, and 69.4 Ā± 3.0 kg, respectively. The response variable was PUN, and the basal diet used in Exp. 3 and 4 contained corn, SBM, and Canadian field peas. The tidTrp requirements were estimated to be 0.167% for pigs weighing 30.9 kg, 0.134% for pigs weighing 51.3 kg, and 0.096% for pigs weighing 69.4 kg. Based on our data and a summary of the cited literature, we suggest the following total Trp and tidTrp requirement estimates (as-fed basis): 30-kg pigs, 0.21 and 0.18%; 50-kg pigs, 0.17 and 0.14%; 70-kg pigs, 0.13 and 0.11%; and in 90-kg pigs, 0.13 and 0.11%. Ā©2005 American Society of Animal Science. All rights reserved