Retrospective epidemiological study of oral lesions at the Oncology Center Control Foundation of the Amazonas (FCECON) from 1998 to 2009

Orientador: Marcio de MoraesTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: A falta de estudos epidemiológicos a respeito de determinadas doenças, pode afetar o desenvolvimento de determinados programas de prevenção. Na região Norte do Brasil dados epidemiológicos sobre as lesões da cavidade bucal são escassos. Em muitos casos os tumores malignos são diagnosticados tardiamente em dois ou mais sítios de acometimento. Sendo assim, foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo dos prontuários dos pacientes atendidos pelos serviços de Cabeça e Pescoço e Odontologia da Fundação Centro e Controle de Oncologia do Estado do Amazonas (FCECON) no período de 1998 a 2009. No total foram selecionados 518 prontuários, seguindo os seguintes critérios de exclusão: ausência de dados e a impossibilidade de comprovar o laudo histopatológico das lesões. Dados a respeito do gênero, idade, raça, local de nascimento e residência, hábitos, sitio primário da lesão e o histológico da doença foram coletados. Todos os procedimentos estatísticos foram realizados no programa Statistica versão 5.1 (StatSoft Inc., Tulsa, USA). Foi observado que o gênero masculino (57,7%) foi predominante e que a média de idade dos pacientes foi de 47,8 anos (intervalo de 0 a 92 anos). As neoplasias malignas foram a maioria perfazendo 53,3% dos casos, seguidas pelas neoplasia benignas (18,0%) e patologias periodontais e gengivais (10,0%). A maioria dos casos dentro das neoplasias malignas foi do carcinoma de células escamosas (41,5%, n=215) e dentre as benignas foi o adenoma pleomórfico (9,5%, n=49). Uma ampla variedade de lesões foram encontradas e tabuladas para análise. A língua (17,8%) e a parótida (12,5%) foram as localidades mais acometidas pelas lesões. Essa distribuição varia nas diferentes regiões do Brasil e do mundo. Todos os dados analisados mostram que existe a necessidade de planejar novas estratégias para que os profissionais de saúde possam identificar precocemente as lesões que atingem o complexo maxilomandibular para minimizar possíveis sequelas que possam advir do tratamento e assim trabalhar por uma melhor qualidade de vida do paciente. Alem disso, a dificuldade de locomoção pelas barreiras geográficas, delimita a procura por atendimento por estes pacientesAbstract: The lack of studies on the epidemiology of certain diseases may restrain the development of prevention and control programs. In the Northern region of Brazil, epidemiological data on oral lesions are rare and, in many cases, malignant tumors are frequently found in more than two sites. A retrospective study of patient medical records attended at the Department of Head and Neck and Odontology of the Oncology Center Control Foundation of the Amazonas (FCECON) from January 1998 to December 2009 was carried to better understand the oral and oropharynx lesions occurrence. The present study selected 518 medical records, using as exclusion criteria the lack of information and the impossibility to confirm its histopathology. Information concerning patient gender, age, race, birthplace, current residence, habits, primary lesion site and histological data of the disease were collected. All statistical analysis was done using the software Statistica 5.1 version (StatSoft Inc., Tulsa, USA). Male patients were more affected by lesions (57.7%) and mean age was 47.8 years (range of 0 to 92 years). Malignant neoplasias accounted for 53.3% of the cases, followed by benign neoplasia (18.0%) and periodontal and gingival pathologies (10.0%). Squamous cell carcinoma (41.5%, n=215) was the most common malignant neoplasia and the pleomorphic adenoma (9.5%, n=49) the most common among the benign ones. A wide variety of lesions was registered and tabulated for analysis. The tongue (17.8%) and the parotid (12.5%) were the primary sites affected by the lesions. The distribution of neoplasias varies according to the region in Brazil and worldwide. The present study highlights the need for better public health care plan strategies in order to promote the early diagnosis of lesions in the oral cavity and oropharynx to improve patient survival rates and quality of life, with the use of less radical and debilitating treatments. Besides, the geographical barriers and logistical difficulties restrain patient access to treatmentDoutoradoCirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-FaciaisDoutor em Clínica Odontológic

Distribution of chromaffin secretory vesicles, acetylcholinesterase, and lysosomal enzymes in sucrose and percoll gradients

Crude chromaffin secretory vesicles, obtained by differential centrifugation, were further purified on isotonic (Percoll) gradients. The chromaffin vesicle fractions recovered from the gradients contain acetylcholinesterase as well as lysosomal enzymes. With the aid of a subsequent sucrose gradient lysosomal enzymes could be removed from chromaffin vesicle fractions, but not acetylcholinesterase. This suggests that lysosomal enzymes do not pass through the chromaffin vesicles during the biogenesis of lysosomes but acetylcholinesterase does

σ\sigma Exchange in the NN Interaction within the Chiral Unitary Approach

We study the nucleon-nucleon interaction in the isoscalar-scalar channel using t he chiral unitary approach. The $t$-matrix of the pion-pion scattering in this c hannel is summed up to all orders using the B-S equation. We find that the calcu lated results at long distances are close to those of the $\sigma$-exchange inte raction. In addition, there appears a shorter range repulsion in this channel.Comment: LaTeX, 22pages 10figure

Sex and seasonal co-variation of arginine vasotocin (AVT) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in the brain of the halfspotted goby

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and arginine vasotocin (AVT) are critical regulators of reproductive behaviors that exhibit tremendous plasticity, but co-variation in discrete GnRH and AVT neuron populations among sex and season are only partially described in fishes. We used immunocytochemistry to examine sexual and temporal variations in neuron number and size in three GnRH and AVT cell groups in relation to reproductive activities in the halfspotted goby (Asterropteryx semipunctata). GnRH-immunoreactive (-ir) somata occur in the terminal nerve, preoptic area, and midbrain tegmentum, and AVT-ir somata within parvocellular, magnocellular, and gigantocellular regions of the preoptic area. Sex differences were found among all GnRH and AVT cell groups, but were time-period dependent. Seasonal variations also occurred in all GnRH and AVT cell groups, with coincident elevations most prominent in females during the peak- and non-spawning periods. Sex and temporal variability in neuropeptide-containing neurons are correlated with the goby\u27s seasonally-transient reproductive physiology, social interactions, territoriality and parental care. Morphological examination of GnRH and AVT neuron subgroups within a single time period provides detailed information on their activities among sexes, whereas seasonal comparisons provide a fine temporal sequence to interpret the proximate control of reproduction and the evolution of social behavior. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Estimativa de demanda potencial de matrículas em ensino superior usando dados públicos e múltiplos modelos de regressão

Este artigo apresenta uma proposta de aplicação de múltiplos modelos de regressão (ensembles) para prever a demanda potencial por vagas de ensino superior no ensino público brasileiro. Foram utilizadas variáveis socioeconômicas e educacionais disponibilizadas por MEC, INEP e IBGE para construir modelos de regressão que prevêem a quantidade atual de alunos matriculados em cada município brasileiro. Em seguida, pode-se comparar a quantidade de alunos prevista pelos modelos com a quantidade real; a diferença entre esses valores é interpretada como indicador da demanda potencial de cada município. Este trabalho em andamento (i) reforça as possibilidades de exploração de grandes volumes de dados públicos por modelos de aprendizado de máquina que geram indicadores que ajudam a aprimorar procedimentos e processos de gestão pública no Brasil, além de (ii) chamar a atenção para o fato de que métodos de aprendizado por ensembles são úteis também em tarefas de regressão, embora a literatura seja fortemente enviesada para tarefas de classificação, e (iii) ressaltar a utilidade de modelos de regressão para aplicações em que se está interessado na informação contida no erro da predição, e não somente na predição em si

A Human Reaching Movement Model for Myoelectric Prosthesis Control

This paper proposes a reaching movement model for the generation of desired trajectories within a myoelectric prosthesis training system. First, an experiment was performed to observe reaching movements with a non-impaired subject and a myoelectric prosthesis user. Reaching movements made by the prosthesis user were then adopted to construct a model based on a logistic function. The proposed model can be used to generate three trajectory types with a bell-shaped speed profile with the adjustment of only a few parameters.This work was partially supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists B Number 26730111

パーソナル・ネットワークと地域生活

金沢大学文学部主要間題を「介護される場所」の希望とサポート・ネットワーク(SNと略称する)との関連にしぼった。2000年10月金沢市において面接訪問調査を行なった。調査対象者は無作為抽出した20歳以上65歳未満の男女432名。有効回答数は263、有効回収率は60.9%高齢時に介護される必要が生じた時にどういう場所で介護されたいか、という質問に対する回答を被説明変数とした。回答の選択肢は、「在宅介護」「(老人向けサービスの整った)民間マンション」「公的な老人ホーム」であり、回答者にはどれか一つのみの選択を求めた。この選択がどのようなSNによって規定されているのか、これが主要問題である。1 自分の介護の必要時、配偶者がそばにいると予想する人ほど「在宅介護」希望が多かった。2 男性の場合、子供による介護・世話を期待できる人ほど、「在宅介護」希望が多いという弱い関連が認められた。3 日常生活におけるSNの大小は、「在宅介護」希望かそれ以外の希望かに影響しない。4 「在宅介護」の希望の有無を規定する要因は、友人・隣人たちとのSNの大小ではなく、1親等程度のごく近い親族による介護を受けられるかどうかという見込みである。5 中高年世代の28.0%が「公的老人ホーム」を希望しているが、より若い世代の「公的老人ホーム」希望は13.8%と少ない。より若い世代は個室(キッチン・トイレ・シャワー付)のある生活を望んでおり、現行のような「公的老人ホーム」には期待しないからではなかろうか。さらに、より若い世代は公的年金制度に不信感をもっているといわれる。一般的に考えると、高齢者福祉に関する公的制度に対する不信感が、彼らには潜在的に大きいのではないか。彼らがもっているこの不信感に適切に対応することが、今後の政策的課題の一つになるだろう。This paper examines the relationship between the choice of residence for the aged and their support networks. We did a random-sample survey (using uestionnaires) of 432 adults in Kanazawa city in 2000 October. The data contains 263 cases of males and females, aged from 20 to 64. The response rate is 60.9%. The analysis of the data provides the following findings :1. Respondents who can expect that they will spend their declining years with their spouses, are more likely to opt for staying at home when they need care.2. As for males, men who can expect to be Cared for by their own children are more likely to choose to stay at home before going into a nursing home, When they need care.3. The support network size in everyday life is not significantly relate to choice regarding type of care, It consists of three types, staying at home, going into a public nursing home, and living at a private elderly presidential home.4. 28.0% of respondents aged from 40 to 64 choose to go into a public nursing home when they need care in the future, while only 12.8% of respondents aged from 20 to 39 choose to stay in a public nursing home in their old age. The younger generation may prefer a private elderly residential home. The reason for this is, it is considered that the older generation puts trust in the system of public nursing homes, but the younger generation does not. The problem of young people\u27s general distrust in the elderly welfare system will have to be discussed as one of the main political issues in the neairfuture.研究課題/領域番号:11610173, 研究期間(年度):1999 – 2001出典：研究課題「パーソナル・ネットワークと地域生活」課題番号11610173（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）） （https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11610173/116101732001kenkyu_seika_hokoku_gaiyo/）を加工して作

Anidación de tortugas marinas en la provincia de Manabí, Ecuador

A partir de una interpretación de imágenes satelitales se identifican 69 playas de arena que reúnen las condiciones para la anidación de tortugas marinas a lo largo del litoral continental de la provincia de Manabí. Posteriormente se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica extendida a información gris sobre antecedentes de anidación en el área de estudio, desde 1968 a enero de 2014. Los antecedentes bibliográficos se complementan con avistamientos inéditos de arribos y el registro de más de 500 nidos. Fue necesario confeccionar un listado con los nombres de las playas de arena del litoral de Manabí. Se pudo comprobar que 22 sitios identificados con un total de 32 km de longitud, son efectivamente de anidación al menos de Eretmochelys imbricata (carey), Chelonia mydas (verde) y Lepidochelys olivacea(golfina), las únicas tres especies cuya anidación es confirmada en la provincia. Además se discute la posible anidación de Dermochelys coriacea (laúd). No se registra el comportamiento de arribadas de Lepidochelys olivacea, sin embargo, la frecuencia con que ocurre la anidación es relevante.  Palabras clave: Playas de Arena, Dermochelys coriacea, Eretmochelys imbricata, Chelonia mydas, Lepidochelys olivace