STUDI ENERGY RETURN OF INVESMENT PLTU (BATUBARA) DI KABUPATEN BENGKAYANG

Standar Energy Return Of Invesment (EROI) > 0 untuk menentukan layak atau tidaknya dalam investasi energi di Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU). Nilai EROI harus bernilai positif sehingga layak dalam investasi energi di PLTU. Penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk penentuan nilai EROI di PLTU 2x50 MW. Lokasi penelitian ini di laksanakan di Kabupaten Bengkayang, metode yang digunakan adalah metode Energy Return Of Invesment (EROI). Hasil penelitian di PLTU 2x50 MW di Kabupaten Bengkayang nilai EROI (H) bernilai positif sebesar 1,416705 berkerjasama dengan PT. Bukit Asam sebagai supplier bahan bakar batubara. Dari hasil EROI tersebut maka PLTU 2x50 MW Batubara di Kabupaten Bengkayang ini saat sekarang masih layak

Fundamentals of Entrepreneurship (ent300) Business Plan: Fish and Cheap Business Plan / Nurul Nazirah Hanis Binti Mohd Jasni

Fish and cheap food truck is a business that supply fast food with a fish-themed menu that includes fish and chips, fish burger and fish taco. As seen on our business name, we aim to sell our product at a cheap price without sacrificing our profit. Our business is located at Lot 649, Piasau Jaya Lorong 1 A, Miri, 98000, Sarawak. We choose Miri as a place for us to enter our food truck business because in Miri there are existing food truck and we believe entering an existing market is much easier. Furthermore, local people in Miri shows a lot of interest in buying food from a food truck. Our business consist of business partners that shares approximate amount of capital in order to start our business. Our partners consist of five people and each have their own respective position that includes General Manager, Administrative Manager, Marketing Manager, Operational Manager and Financial Manager. We also found out that our government is providing a grant of RM 10,000 for food truck businesses. Therefore, it is a great opportunity for us to enter this venture. Our food truck menu consist of food that are well known from Britain, American and Mexican culture and as for that we want to promote these food here in Miri. We aim to deliver a unique and delicious food that are close to the authentic taste foreign food. We value importance of quality in our service as we believe that it is the key to have customers that we be loyal to us in years to come

PENGARUH PENGAWASAN MELEKAT TERHADAP DISIPLIN KERJA PEGAWAI DINAS BINA MARGA DAN PENGAIRAN KABUPATEN KARAWANG

Permasalahan yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah tingkat disiplin kerja pegawai pada Dinas Bina Marga dan Pengairan Kabupaten Karawang yang ditandai dengan tingkat ketidakhadiran pegawai, tidak tercapainya target pencapaian kinerja yang telah ditetapkan sehingga berpotensi menjadi penghambat bagi tercapainya tujuan organisasi tersebut, serta pelanggaran disiplin lainnya.Penelitian ini dilakukan pada pegawai Dinas Bina Marga dan Pengairan Kabupaten Karawang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengawasan melekat, tingkat disiplin kerja pegawai, serta adakah pengaruh dari pengawasan melekat terhadap disiplin kerja pegawai Dinas Bina Marga dan Pengairan Kabupaten Karawang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode descriptif survey dan explanatory survey, teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara wawancara (interview), angket (kuisioner), observasi dan studi kepustakaan. Instrument yang digunakan adalah angket model skala likert yang dimodifikasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisa regresi linier sederhana. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan angket yang diperoleh dari 57 orang pegawai sebagai sampel.Hasil penelitian menunjukan : (1) Pengawasan melekat berada pada kategori yang baik, (2) Disiplin kerja pegawai berada pada kategori yang baik, (3) Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan dari pengawasan melekat terhadap disiplin kerja pegawai Dinas Bina Marga dan Pengairan Kabupaten Karawang, dengan besaran pengaruh sebesar sebesar 23,27%, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 76,73% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti oleh penulis dalam penelitian ini. The problems studied in this research is the discipline level of the employee at the Department of Highways and Irrigation District Karawang which is characterized by level of employee absence, the achievement of attainment targets that have been set so that the work could potentially be a barrier to achieving the organization's objectives, and other disciplinary offenses. The research was conducted at the Department of Highways employee and Irrigation district Karawang. This study aims to reveal the inherent supervision, level of employee discipline, and is there any influence of supervision attached to employee discipline at Department of Highways and Irrigation District Karawang, This study uses descriptive and explanatory survey, techniques of data collection by interview (interview), questionnaires (questionnaires), observations and literature study. Instrument used was a questionnaire modified Likert scale models. The data analysis technique used is simple linear regression analysis. Data was collected using questionnaires obtained from a sample of 57 employees.The results showed: (1) Monitoring is attached is in the good category, (2) Employees Disciplines are working in a good category, (3) There is a positive and significant impact of supervision attached to employee discipline, discipline at Department of Highways and Irrigation District Karawang, the effect was about 23.27%, while the remaining 76.73% is influenced by other factors that were not studied by the authors in this study

Deniz kestanesi (Paracentrotus lividus) (Lamarck, 1816) embriyogenezisi süresince kadmiyum toksisitesine bağlı metallothionein oluşumlarının araştırılması

Ekosistemde subletal toksisitenin araştırılması ekolojik açıdan canlıların ölmeden önce toksisiteden etkilenmelerini tespit etmek açısından önemlidir. Yaşamın erken safhalarında toksisitenin bilinmesi türün devamlılığı ve ekolojik denge açısından önem kazanmaktadır. Bu tez çalışmasında, ağır metallerin canlıda birikiminin göstergesi olan metallothionein miktarının Paracentrotus lividus (Deniz Kestanesi)ʼun embriyonik gelişim safhaları süresince değişiminin saptanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla P.lividus embriyoları ön denemeler sonucunda elde edilmiş subletal doz olan 10-6 Mʼlık CdCl2ʼe maruz bırakılmışlardır. Yedi ayrı embriyonik safhada ölçümler yapılarak metallothionein miktarları araştırılmıştır.Çalışma sonucunda CdCl2ʼe maruz bırakılmamış kontrol grubunda ilk safhalarda yüksek olan metallothionein değerleri daha sonra düşmüştür. Denemeler sırasında kontrol grubunda en yüksek metallothionein seviyesine zigot safhasında (164.594 g/g) rastlanmıştır. En düşük metallothionein seviyesi ise prizma safhasında (8.666 g/g) ölçülmüştür. 10-6Mʼlık CdCl2ʼe maruz kalan deney grubunda gittikçe artan metallothionein seviyeleri ölçülmüştür. En yüksek ölçümün yapıldığı safha blastula (290.5 g/g) safhasıdır. Blastulada mezenşim hücreleri safhasında ise en düşük (23.833 g/g) seviyede saptamalar yapılmıştır

Gemi inşa sözleşmesinin kurulması ve tarafların borçları

ÖZET Gemi inşa sözleşmesi, bir tarafında yeni bir gemi inşa ettirmek isteyen iş sahibi ile diğer tarafında gemi inşa işinde uzman olarak yüklenici tersanecinin olduğu, yüklenicinin yeni bir gemi inşa, imal, dizaynını ve teslimini, iş sahibinin bunun karşılığında sözleşme ücretini ödemeyi borçlandığı, karşılıklı borç doğuran, ivazlı, rızai bir eser sözleşmedir. Gemi inşa sözleşmesinin temel unsurunu yüklenicinin gemi meydana getirme borcu ve geminin teslimi oluşturmaktadır. Yüklenicinin sayılan temel borçları karşılığında iş sahibi de sözleşme ücretini ödemek borcu altındadır. Gemi inşa sözleşmesinin konusunu inşa edilecek ve tamamlandığında gemi olacak yapı ve inşa faaliyeti oluşturmaktadır.ABSTRACT The shipbuilding contract, in which one party who want a ship to be built; the buyer, with the other party who is as an expert on shipbuilding; the contractor, that the contractor undertakes to build, manufacture, design and delivery the ship and in return the buyer oblige to pay the contract fee, is a mutual, onerous, consensual contract of work. The essential elements of shipbuilding contract are the contractor’s obligation of forming the ship and its delivery. In return the said obligations of the contractor, the buyer is under the obligation of paying the contract fee. The subject of the shipbuilding contract is a structure which to be built and when completed to be a ship and building activity

penerapan metode simulasi untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar biologi pokok bahasan ekosistem pada siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Pakong Pamekasan Madura

ABSTRAK Misli Mulyadi. 2009. Penerapan Metode Simulasi untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Biologi Pokok Bahasan Ekosistem pada Siswa Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Pakong Pamekasan Madura. Skripsi Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi, Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Negeri Malang. Pembimbing: (I) Prof. Dr. Hj. Mimien Henie Irawati, M.S, (II) Drs. H. Fathurrachman, M.Si   Kata kunci: Metode simulasi, aktivitas belajar, hasil belajar   Berdasarkan hasil observasi peneliti pada bulan Maret 2009, diketahui bahwa proses pembelajaran biologi di kelas X-4 SMA Negeri I Pakong diketahui siswa cenderung pasif dalam proses pembelajaran yaitu hanya mendengar dan mancatat materi yang disampaikan oleh guru. Selain itu sebagian siswa yang lain melakukan aktivitas di luar aktivitas belajar seperti berbicara dengan teman sebangku, main ponsel dan bahkan mengantuk selama proses pembelajaran. Aktivitas tersebut berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa, yaitu nilai ulangan harian yang diperoleh dibawah standart kelulusan minimal. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, perlu dilakukan pembelajaran yang menjadikan siswa lebih aktif dalam pembelajaran serta bisa meningkatkan hasil belajarnya. Salah satu metode yang bisa membuat siswa aktif adalah metode simulasi. Metode simulasi merupakan metode yang melibatkan siswa secara langsung dalam pembelajaran dengan melakukan kegiatan atau memegang peran suatu konsep tertentu. Sehingga dengan memberi kesempatan siswa melakukan pembelajaran secara langsung, dan siswa akan mendapatkan pengalaman langsung yang berimplikasi pada hasil belajarnya. Berdasarkan uraian tersebut maka dilakukan penelitian yang berjudul "Penerapan Metode Simulasi untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Biologi Pokok Bahasan Ekosistem pada Siswa Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Pakong Pamekasan Madura". Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan aktivitas yang meliputi Visual and Listening Activities, Oral Activities dan Motor Activities serta hasil belajar kognitif dan afektif siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Pakong Pamekasan Madura. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dengan metode pembelajaran simulasi yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus.  Masing-masing siklus terdiri dari tiga pertemuan. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X-4 SMA Negeri 1 Pakong, semester genap tahun ajaran 2008-2009. Jumlah siswa 24 orang, yang terdiri dari 5 siswa perempuan dan 19 siswa laki-laki. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa aktivitas dan hasil belajar biologi siswa kelas X-4 SMA Negeri I Pakong. Aktivitas siswa diukur menggunakan lembar aktivitas siswa dan hasil belajar diukur menggunakan tes kognitif dan afektif. Tes kognitif digunakan untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman terhadap materi yang dipelajari, dan angket sikap digunakan untuk mengetahui perubahan sikap siswa terhadap kondisi lingkungan saat ini. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu soal tes, angket sikap, lembar observasi, catatan lapangan, dan kamera. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan metode simulasi dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar biologi pokok bahasan ekosistem pada siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Pakong. Aktivitas siswa khususnya Visual and Listening Activities pada siklus 1 mencapai 95% dan 100% pada siklus 2. Aktivitas yang berupa Oral Activities (bertanya, menjawab dan berpendapat) pada siklus 1 78% dan 83% pada siklus 2. Sementara aktivitas siswa  yang berupa Motor Activities adalah 100% pada siklus 1 dan siklus 2. Hasil belajar kognitif siswa pada siklus 1 dan 2  sebesar 91% siswa tuntas. Hasil belajar afektif siswa pada siklus 1 belum mencapai indikator keberhasilan yaitu sebesar 83%, dan pada siklus 2 hasil belajar afektif menjadi 100% siswa tuntas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan melalui penerapan metode simulasi.

Ekstraksi Senyawa Bioaktif dari Rimpang Curcuma Mangga menggunakan Pelarut Ramah Lingkungan Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NADES)

Curcuma mangga atau yang lebih dikenal sebagai kunir putih telah diketahui mengandung senyawa-senyawa bioaktif antikanker berupa curcuminoid (curcumin (C), demethoxycurcumin (DMC) dan bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC)). Secara umum, senyawa bioaktif tersebut diektraksi menggunakan pelarut organik seperti etanol, metanol, heksana, ataupun secara steam distillation menggunakan uap air. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan green solvent yaitu Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) sebagai pengganti pelarut-pelarut organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NADES) sebagai pelarut dalam ekstraksi senyawa-senyawa bioaktif berupa curcuminoid terutama curcumin dari Curcuma mangga serta mendapatkan perolehan yield senyawa bioaktif tersebut dan membandingkannya dengan metode konvensional, ekstraksi soxhlet dan maserasi dengan etanol sebagai pelarut. Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) jenis netral, asam, dan basa dipilih sebagai pelarut dalam proses ekstraksi senyawa bioaktif dari Curcuma mangga. Ekstraksi senyawa bioaktif menggunakan NADES dilakukan dengan menambahkan serbuk Curcuma mangga 2±0,1 mg ke dalam 2,00±0,1 g NADES dan diaduk pada suhu 40 oC dalam 5 mL botol sampel amberlite tertutup. Pengadukan dilakukan selama 1x24 jam. Ekstraksi Soxhlet dan maserasi menggunakan etanol adalah metode ekstraksi konvensional pembanding yang dipilih untuk mengetahui efektifitas penggunaan pelarut alternatif, NADES, guna ekstraksi senyawa bioaktif dari Curcuma mangga. Metode Analisa yang digunakan yaitu analisa kualitatif secara Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) dan analisa kuantitatif secara High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa ekstraksi dengan NADES, FS-H2O (2:1:32), dapat mengambil ekstrak curcuminoid lebih baik dibandingkan dengan etanol (96%) dan air. Perolehan yield curcuminoid pada ekstraksi dengan NADES (FS-H2O = 2:1:32) sebagai pelarut dapat mengekstraksi curcuminoid lebih banyak dibandingkan etanol (96%) baik secara ekstraksi-soxhlet ataupun maserasi; FS-H2O (2:1:32) memberikan selektifitas curcumin yang lebih tinggi (98%-berat) dibandingkan etanol (96%); yang mana etanol hanya mampu mengektrak 60-61% curcumin, 22-23% DMC, dan sisanya BDMC. Sedangkan BDMC dan DMC kurang selektif terekstrak pada penggunaan FS-H2O (2:1:32) sebagai pelarut. ================================================================== Curcuma mangga or more popular as white turmeric has been known to contain anticancer bioactive compounds such as kurkuminoid (curcumin (C), demetoxycurcumin (DMC) and bisdemetoxycurcumin (BDMC)). Generally, these bioactive compounds extracted using organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol, hexane, or by steam distillation using water vapor. This study used a green solvent that is Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) as solvent substitute for organic solvents. This research aims to uses Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NADES) as a solvent in the extraction of bioactive compounds such as curcuminoid especially curcumin from Curcuma mangga and gets the yield of bioactive compounds mentioned and compare with the conventional method, soxhlet extraction and maceration with ethanol as a solvent. Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) type of neutral, acid and alkali that are chosen as a solvent in the extraction process of bioactive compounds from Curcuma mangga. Extraction of bioactive compounds using NADES done by adding powdered Curcuma mangga 2±0.1 mg in 2.00±0.1 g NADES and stirred at a temperature of 40 °C in 5 mL sample bottle Amberlite closed. Stirring is done for 1x24 hours. Soxhlet extraction and maceration using ethanol is a comparison of conventional extraction methods that are chosen to determine the effectiveness of the use of alternative solvents, NADES, to the extraction of bioactive compounds from Curcuma mangga. The analysis method used is qualitative analysis by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and quantitative analysis High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The analysis shows that the extraction with NADES, FS-H2O (2:1:32), can be extracted curcuminoid better than ethanol (96%) and water. Result yield curcuminoid on extraction with NADES (FS-H2O = 2:1:32) as the solvent can extract curcuminoid more than ethanol (96%), either soxhlet extraction or maceration; FS-H2O (2:1:32) giving curcumin higher selectivity (98%-weight) than ethanol (96%); where ethanol is only able extracted 60-61% curcumin, 22-23% DMC, and remaining BDMC. While BDMC and DMC less selectively extracted on the use of FS-H2O (2: 1: 32) as the solvent

The Insight of Learning English Letters and Numbers on Youtube of Four Years Old Children

Currently, in the era of advanced technological development, children have used YouTube in their daily lives. YouTube is a site that contains various kinds of videos, ranging from movies, music, TV series and so on that can be found on YouTube. Therefore, this research aims to find out the benefit of youtube for learning numbers and letters by four years old children and to find the challenges of youtube for learning numbers and letters by four years old children. This research is qualitative research. The research subject were three children and three parents. This research was also conducted at Bonebalantak. Researcher used two instruments in finding the data they are observation and interview. From the results it is found that the benefits of youtube are a source of new knowledge for children in learning English numbers and letters and youtube helps parents in teaching numbers and letters to children, the challenge is to cause addiction in watching youtube for children and children watching videos that not age appropriate. the conclusion of this research is that the insights to learning english letters and numbers in four year old children can be obtained by using youtube, youtube provides knowledge for children in learning numbers and letters in english, besides that youtube also has challenges in using it but it can be solved

SISTEM ABSENSI KARYAWAN CV M & G ACC BERBASIS WEB

Web-based Employee Information System can be used as a solution in handling the process of employee attendance at CV M & G Acc. With the existence of a web-based employee information system, the company can find out the right employee for the company. In addition, companies can process attendance data in a database. In making this final project, the author discusses how to design a web-based employee information system. The system is built using the PHP programming language, the database server uses MySQL. The results achieved from the making of this final project are a web-based employee information system. The existence of a web-based employee information system is expected to help the HRD division in the process of calculating employee attendance, and makes it easier for managers to see employee attendance reports