COMPLEMENTO CON SELENOMETIONINA A OVEJAS GESTANTES Y EFECTO SOBRE EL DESARROLLO DE SUS CORDEROS

Selenium crosses the placenta barrier effectively and can be concentrated in colostrum and milk. From the hypothesis that the use of SeMet in complementation of expectant ewes increases the concentration of blood and milk Selenium in sheep, and also the birth weight and the weight gain in lambs, a study with 14 expectant ewes was carried out, with SeMet (0.20 mg kg-1) of Selenium)=300 mg ewe-1 of SeMet, every 24 h for five days, and a maintenance dose every 7 days, plus the control (without SeMet). The Selenium concentration was analyzed in samples of blood serum in ewes and lambs, in commercial product with SeMet, and in wheat bran. To evaluate the weight gain and the birth weight, they were weighed every 15, 30, 45 and 60 days of age. For the Selenium concentration in the serum and weight gain in lambs, an experimental design with repeated measurements was carried out in time. For birth weight, a completely random design was used with Variance Analysis, to determine the degree of association between Selenium in blood serum of ewes and lambs, and a Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was applied. The addition of SeMet to ewes increased the serum Selenium at 25 days (P<0.05), while it decreased for this same period in lambs (P<0.05), indicating that there is no correlation between serum concentrations of Selenium in ewes and lambs at 25 days of life (-0.99604, P<0.0001). The birth weight showed a positive trend in lambs with mothers with SeMet, without statistical difference (P<0.05). The weight gain in lambs was not affected by the application of SeMet to the mother (P>0.05). The supply of SeMet to expectant sheep increased the serum concentration of the mineral at 25 days, but not the weight gain at weaning, or the birth weight; there is no correlation between the serum concentration of Selenium in ewes and weight gain in lambs.Selenio cruza eficientemente la barrera placentaria y se puede concentrar en calostro y leche. Desde el postulado de que el uso de SeMet en la complementación de ovejas gestantes aumenta la concentración de Selenio sanguíneo y lácteo en ovejas, así como, el peso al nacimiento y ganancia de peso del cordero, se realizó un estudio con 14 hembras ovejas, gestantes con SeMet (0.20 mg kg-1) de Selenio)=300 mg oveja-1 de SeMet, cada 24 h durante cinco días y dosis de sostenimiento c/7 días, más el testigo (Sin SeMet). Se analizó la concentración de Selenio en muestras de suero sanguíneo de ovejas y corderos, producto comercial con SeMet y en salvado de trigo. Para evaluar la ganancia de peso y peso al nacimiento se pesaron cada 15, 30, 45 y 60 días de edad. Para la concentración de Selenio en suero y ganancia de peso de corderos se usó un diseño experimental con mediciones repetidas en el tiempo. En peso al nacimiento se usó un diseño completamente al azar con Análisis de Varianza para determinar el grado de asociación entre Selenio en suero sanguíneo de ovejas y corderos, y se aplicó análisis de coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. La adición de SeMet a ovejas aumento el Selenio sérico a los 25 días (P<0.05), mientras que para este mismo periodo en corderos disminuyó (P<0.05), indicando que no existe correlación entre concentraciones séricas de Selenio de ovejas y corderos a 25 días de vida (-0.99604, P<0.0001). El peso al nacimiento mostró tendencia positiva en corderos de madres con SeMet, sin presentar diferencia estadística (P<0.05). La ganancia de peso de corderos no fue afectada por la aplicación de SeMet a la madre (P>0.05). El suministro de SeMet a ovejas gestantes aumentó la concentración sérica del mineral a 25 días pero no la ganancia de peso al destete, ni peso al nacimiento, no hay correlación entre concentración sérica de Selenio de ovejas y ganancia de peso de corderos

DESARROLLO DE FOLÍCULOS Y CUERPO LÚTEO EN CABRAS COMO RESPUESTA AL SUMINISTRO DE SELENIO

Ovarian activity can be improved by applying hormones, which present a high cost and risk to health. The use of selenium will result in an alternative to improve ovarian activity. The study objective was to determine whether organic selenium (Se-O), in form of yeast enrichened with Se (Sel-Plex), improves the ovarian function in goats and whether the effect is immediate or indirect. Eighteen goats of local phenotype were used, previously synchronized at estrum, with body condition three, in a scale of one to five, located in Tlatlaya, Estado de México. The treatments were: group A: 300 mg of Se-O orally for 16 d(n=nine), and group B: control (n=nine). Ovariotomies were carried out 13 d (three goats from each group), and 25 d (six goats from each group) after applying Se-O; the ovary with the highest number of ovarian structures was obtained, and both the ovaries and the follicles were measured (classified as small, medium and large), and the follicles and corpora lutea were counted. A completely random design was used, a variance analysis was performed with transformed data (SAS GLM procedure), and the follicular variables were compared with the Tukey test (P?0.05). For differences between corpora lutea, the Poisson distribution test was used. The Se-O at a dosage of 300 mg of Se-O animal-1 16 days increased the number of follicles, both small and large (P?0.05), as well as the corpora lutea and size of the ovary (P?0.05). It is concluded that the Se-O increases the number of ovarian structures and the size of the ovary.La actividad ovárica se puede mejorar con aplicación de hormonas, las cuales presentan alto costo y riesgo para la salud. El uso de selenio resultará alternativo para mejorar la actividad ovárica. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar si, él selenio orgánico (Se-O), en forma de levadura enriquecida con Se (Sel-Plex), mejora el funcionamiento ovárico en cabras y si el efecto es inmediato o mediato. Se utilizaron 18 cabras de fenotipo local, previamente sincronizadas al estro, con condición corporal tres, en escala de uno a cinco, localizadas en Tlatlaya, Estado de México. Los tratamientos fueron: grupo A: 300 mg de Se-O vía oral por 16 d (n=nueve), y grupo B: testigo (n=nueve). Se realizaron ovariotomías 13 d (tres cabras de cada grupo), y 25 d (seis cabras de cada grupo) después de la aplicación de Se-O; se obtuvo el ovario con mayor número de estructuras ováricas, se midieron tanto los ovarios como los folículos (clasificados como pequeños medianos y grandes) y se contaron los folículos y cuerpos lúteos. Se realizó un diseño completamente al azar, con datos transformados se efectuó análisis de varianza (procedimiento GLM de SAS), las variables foliculares se compararon con prueba de Tukey (P?0.05). Para diferencias entre cuerpos lúteos se utilizó la prueba de distribución de Poisson. El Se-O a dosis de 300 mg de Se-O animal-1 16 días aumentó el número de folículos; tanto pequeños como grandes (P?0.05), así como cuerpos lúteos y tamaño del ovario (P?0.05). Se concluye que el Se-O aumenta el número de estructuras ováricas y tamaño del ovario

Tailoring magnetic anisotropy in epitaxial half metallic La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 thin films

We present a detailed study on the magnetic properties, including anisotropy, reversal fields, and magnetization reversal processes, of well characterized half-metallic epitaxial La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) thin films grown onto SrTiO3 (STO) substrates with three different surface orientations, i.e. (001), (110) and (1-18). The latter shows step edges oriented parallel to the [110] (in-plane) crystallographic direction. Room temperature high resolution vectorial Kerr magnetometry measurements have been performed at different applied magnetic field directions in the whole angular range. In general, the magnetic properties of the LSMO films can be interpreted with just the uniaxial term with the anisotropy axis given by the film morphology, whereas the strength of this anisotropy depends on both structure and film thickness. In particular, LSMO films grown on nominally flat (110)-oriented STO substrates presents a well defined uniaxial anisotropy originated from the existence of elongated in-plane [001]-oriented structures, whereas LSMO films grown on nominally flat (001)-oriented STO substrates show a weak uniaxial magnetic anisotropy with the easy axis direction aligned parallel to residual substrate step edges. Elongated structures are also found for LSMO films grown on vicinal STO(001) substrates. These films present a well-defined uniaxial magnetic anisotropy with the easy axis lying along the step edges and its strength increases with the LSMO thickness. It is remarkable that this step-induced uniaxial anisotropy has been found for LSMO films up to 120 nm thickness. Our results are promising for engineering novel half-metallic magnetic devices that exploit tailored magnetic anisotropy.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures, 1 tabl

Time–frequency representation of autoionization dynamics in helium

Autoionization, which results from the interference between direct photoionization and photoexcitation to a discrete state decaying to the continuum by configuration interaction, is a well known example of the important role of electron correlation in light–matter interaction. Information on this process can be obtained by studying the spectral, or equivalently, temporal complex amplitude of the ionized electron wave packet. Using an energy-resolved interferometric technique, we measure the spectral amplitude and phase of autoionized wave packets emitted via the sp2+ and sp3+ resonances in helium. These measurements allow us to reconstruct the corresponding temporal profiles by Fourier transform. In addition, applying various time–frequency representations, we observe the build-up of the wave packets in the continuum, monitor the instantaneous frequencies emitted at any time and disentangle the dynamics of the direct and resonant ionization channels

Clinical characteristics and evaluation of LDL-cholesterol treatment of the Spanish Familial Hypercholesterolemia Longitudinal Cohort Study (SAFEHEART)

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Aim</p> <p>Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients are at high risk for premature coronary heart disease (CHD). Despite the use of statins, most patients do not achieve an optimal LDL-cholesterol goal. The aims of this study are to describe baseline characteristics and to evaluate Lipid Lowering Therapy (LLT) in FH patients recruited in SAFEHEART.</p> <p>Methods and Results</p> <p>A cross-sectional analysis of cases recruited in the Spanish FH cohort at inclusion was performed. Demographic, lifestyle, medical and therapeutic data were collected by specific surveys. Blood samples for lipid profile and DNA were obtained. Genetic test for FH was performed through DNA-microarray. Data from 1852 subjects (47.5% males) over 19 years old were analyzed: 1262 (68.1%, mean age 45.6 years) had genetic diagnosis of FH and 590 (31.9%, mean age 41.3 years) were non-FH. Cardiovascular disease was present in 14% of FH and in 3.2% of non-FH subjects (P < 0.001), and was significantly higher in patients carrying a null mutation compared with those carrying a defective mutation (14.87% vs. 10.6%, respectively, P < 0.05). Prevalence of current smokers was 28.4% in FH subjects. Most FH cases were receiving LLT (84%). Although 51.5% were receiving treatment expected to reduce LDL-c levels at least 50%, only 13.6% were on maximum statin dose combined with ezetimibe. Mean LDL-c level in treated FH cases was 186.5 mg/dl (SD: 65.6) and only 3.4% of patients reached and LDL-c under 100 mg/dl. The best predictor for LDL-c goal attainment was the use of combined therapy with statin and ezetimibe.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Although most of this high risk population is receiving LLT, prevalence of cardiovascular disease and LDL-c levels are still high and far from the optimum LDL-c therapeutic goal. However, LDL-c levels could be reduced by using more intensive LLT such as combined therapy with maximum statin dose and ezetimibe.</p

Clinical characteristics and evaluation of LDL-cholesterol treatment of the Spanish Familial Hypercholesterolemia Longitudinal Cohort Study (SAFEHEART)

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Aim</p> <p>Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients are at high risk for premature coronary heart disease (CHD). Despite the use of statins, most patients do not achieve an optimal LDL-cholesterol goal. The aims of this study are to describe baseline characteristics and to evaluate Lipid Lowering Therapy (LLT) in FH patients recruited in SAFEHEART.</p> <p>Methods and Results</p> <p>A cross-sectional analysis of cases recruited in the Spanish FH cohort at inclusion was performed. Demographic, lifestyle, medical and therapeutic data were collected by specific surveys. Blood samples for lipid profile and DNA were obtained. Genetic test for FH was performed through DNA-microarray. Data from 1852 subjects (47.5% males) over 19 years old were analyzed: 1262 (68.1%, mean age 45.6 years) had genetic diagnosis of FH and 590 (31.9%, mean age 41.3 years) were non-FH. Cardiovascular disease was present in 14% of FH and in 3.2% of non-FH subjects (P < 0.001), and was significantly higher in patients carrying a null mutation compared with those carrying a defective mutation (14.87% vs. 10.6%, respectively, P < 0.05). Prevalence of current smokers was 28.4% in FH subjects. Most FH cases were receiving LLT (84%). Although 51.5% were receiving treatment expected to reduce LDL-c levels at least 50%, only 13.6% were on maximum statin dose combined with ezetimibe. Mean LDL-c level in treated FH cases was 186.5 mg/dl (SD: 65.6) and only 3.4% of patients reached and LDL-c under 100 mg/dl. The best predictor for LDL-c goal attainment was the use of combined therapy with statin and ezetimibe.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Although most of this high risk population is receiving LLT, prevalence of cardiovascular disease and LDL-c levels are still high and far from the optimum LDL-c therapeutic goal. However, LDL-c levels could be reduced by using more intensive LLT such as combined therapy with maximum statin dose and ezetimibe.</p