Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group

Maternal dietary patterns and acute leukemia in infants: results from a case control study in Mexico

BackgroundChildhood cancer is the leading cause of disease-related mortality among children aged 5–14 years in Mexico, with acute leukemia being the most common cancer among infants. Examining the overall dietary patterns allows for a comprehensive assessment of food and nutrient consumption, providing a more predictive measure of disease risk than individual foods or nutrients. This study aims to evaluate the association between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and the risk of acute leukemia in Mexican infants.MethodsA hospital-based case–control study was conducted, comparing 109 confirmed acute leukemia cases with 152 age-matched controls. All participants (≤24 months) were identified at hospitals in Mexico City between 2010 and 2019. Data on a posteriori dietary patterns and other relevant variables were collected through structured interviews and dietary questionnaires. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to estimate the association between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and the risk of acute leukemia in infants.ResultsThe “Balanced &amp; Vegetable-Rich” pattern, characterized by a balanced consumption of various food groups and higher vegetable intake, exhibited a negative association with acute leukemia when compared to the “High Dairy &amp; Cereals” Pattern (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.29, 0.90). We observed that mothers who gave birth to girls and adhered to a healthy dietary pattern during pregnancy exhibited significantly lower odds of their children developing AL compared to those who gave birth to boys [OR = 0.32 (95% CI 0.11, 0.97)]. Our results underscore the significance of maternal nutrition as a modifiable factor in disease prevention and the importance of prenatal health education

Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022 : a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

A list of authors and their affiliations appears online. A supplementary appendix is herewith attached.Background: Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. Methods: We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI 2 SD above the median). Findings: From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness. Interpretation: The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesity.peer-reviewe

Retrospective evaluation of whole exome and genome mutation calls in 746 cancer samples

Funder: NCI U24CA211006Abstract: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) curated consensus somatic mutation calls using whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS), respectively. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, which aggregated whole genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancers across 38 tumour types, we compare WES and WGS side-by-side from 746 TCGA samples, finding that ~80% of mutations overlap in covered exonic regions. We estimate that low variant allele fraction (VAF < 15%) and clonal heterogeneity contribute up to 68% of private WGS mutations and 71% of private WES mutations. We observe that ~30% of private WGS mutations trace to mutations identified by a single variant caller in WES consensus efforts. WGS captures both ~50% more variation in exonic regions and un-observed mutations in loci with variable GC-content. Together, our analysis highlights technological divergences between two reproducible somatic variant detection efforts

Mejora en la calidad de Servicio de Banquetes del Hotel Ramada Aeropuerto México

Tesis (Licenciatura en Turismo), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, EST, 2011, 1 archivo PDF, (109 pàginas). tesis.ipn.m

Aplicación de criterios bioecológicos para la identificación, caracterización y establecimiento de límites funcionales en humedales de las sabanas inundables de la Orinoquia

En este libro se consolida entonces todo el proceso de caracterización biológica de los humedales de los llanos de Hato Corozal, la identificación de las especies clave para establecer los límites funcionales de los humedales y se presentan perfiles estructurales que permiten identificar la presencia de especies, su zonación ecológica y variación estacional en todos los tipos humedal, un trabajo sin duda alguna que espera contribuir con el debate global acerca de la conservación, uso y manejo de los humedales en tiempos de adaptación al cambio climático.Bogotá, D. C., ColombiaInstituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humbold

Promoción de la salud y entornos saludables

Acn&eacute; juvenil, presentaci&oacute;n de 2 casos cl&iacute;nicosAlta ingesta de prote&iacute;nas y su relaci&oacute;n con el aumento de tejido adiposo en preescolaresAn&aacute;lisis para la integraci&oacute;n entre salud y educaci&oacute;n para el desarrollo de programas de promoci&oacute;nCalidad de los estilos de vida de funcionarios acad&eacute;micos de la Universidad del Biob&iacute;oCambios en el patr&oacute;n de consumo de alimentos en ni&ntilde;os con un kiosco saludableCaracter&iacute;sticas del sue&ntilde;o habitual y su relaci&oacute;n con el nivel de somnolencia diurna en adolescentesCaracterizaci&oacute;n de informaci&oacute;n acerca de promoci&oacute;n de salud poblaci&oacute;n urbana de Temuco, Regi&oacute;n de la Araucan&iacute;a, ChileComportamiento sexual durante el embarazo en usuarias de centros de salud, La Florida, Santiago, 2006Estado nutricional y actividad f&iacute;sica en escolares de 1&ordm;, 5&ordm; y 8&ordm; b&aacute;sico de Arica&iquest;Est&aacute;n los padres informados si sus hijos tienen miedo a la atenci&oacute;n dental?Evaluaci&oacute;n cualitativa del componente promocional de un programa psicosocial en poblaci&oacute;n escolar vulnerableEvaluaci&oacute;n de la efectividad de la aplicaci&oacute;n del Programa Educativo "Quiero mi boca siempre sana"Evaluaci&oacute;n estad&iacute;stica del uso de edulcorantes alimentarios en una poblaci&oacute;n de SantiagoEvoluci&oacute;n de la prematurez y caracter&iacute;sticas sociodemogr&aacute;ficas de la poblaci&oacute;n materna en ChileFactores de riesgo asociados a prevalencia de caries en alumnos del Ej&eacute;rcito de ChileH&aacute;bitos alimentarios en escolares de distinto tipo de establecimientos educacionalesNivel de conocimientos de los habitantes de Loncoche sobre enfermedades parasitarias, IX, Regi&oacute;n, Chile 2009Nutrici&oacute;n y condiciones socioecon&oacute;micas de escolares de la escuela Jes&uacute;s Mar&iacute;a Sifontes, Los Teques, VenezuelaRelaci&oacute;n entre dificultad para comprar cigarrillos, lugares de venta y curso en adolescente

Promoción de la salud y entornos saludables

Acn&eacute; juvenil, presentaci&oacute;n de 2 casos cl&iacute;nicosAlta ingesta de prote&iacute;nas y su relaci&oacute;n con el aumento de tejido adiposo en preescolaresAn&aacute;lisis para la integraci&oacute;n entre salud y educaci&oacute;n para el desarrollo de programas de promoci&oacute;nCalidad de los estilos de vida de funcionarios acad&eacute;micos de la Universidad del Biob&iacute;oCambios en el patr&oacute;n de consumo de alimentos en ni&ntilde;os con un kiosco saludableCaracter&iacute;sticas del sue&ntilde;o habitual y su relaci&oacute;n con el nivel de somnolencia diurna en adolescentesCaracterizaci&oacute;n de informaci&oacute;n acerca de promoci&oacute;n de salud poblaci&oacute;n urbana de Temuco, Regi&oacute;n de la Araucan&iacute;a, ChileComportamiento sexual durante el embarazo en usuarias de centros de salud, La Florida, Santiago, 2006Estado nutricional y actividad f&iacute;sica en escolares de 1&ordm;, 5&ordm; y 8&ordm; b&aacute;sico de Arica&iquest;Est&aacute;n los padres informados si sus hijos tienen miedo a la atenci&oacute;n dental?Evaluaci&oacute;n cualitativa del componente promocional de un programa psicosocial en poblaci&oacute;n escolar vulnerableEvaluaci&oacute;n de la efectividad de la aplicaci&oacute;n del Programa Educativo "Quiero mi boca siempre sana"Evaluaci&oacute;n estad&iacute;stica del uso de edulcorantes alimentarios en una poblaci&oacute;n de SantiagoEvoluci&oacute;n de la prematurez y caracter&iacute;sticas sociodemogr&aacute;ficas de la poblaci&oacute;n materna en ChileFactores de riesgo asociados a prevalencia de caries en alumnos del Ej&eacute;rcito de ChileH&aacute;bitos alimentarios en escolares de distinto tipo de establecimientos educacionalesNivel de conocimientos de los habitantes de Loncoche sobre enfermedades parasitarias, IX, Regi&oacute;n, Chile 2009Nutrici&oacute;n y condiciones socioecon&oacute;micas de escolares de la escuela Jes&uacute;s Mar&iacute;a Sifontes, Los Teques, VenezuelaRelaci&oacute;n entre dificultad para comprar cigarrillos, lugares de venta y curso en adolescente

El reto de conservar y producir: biodiversidad y sistemas productivos en la cuenca media y baja del río cravo sur

El proyecto “Cravo Sur: río vital: estrategias para la conservación y recuperación de los bosques de la cuenca media y baja del río Cravo Sur en Yopal, San Luis de Palenque y Orocué, Casanare”, fue liderado por la Fundación Palmarito Casanare y la Fundación Cunaguaro, teniendo como socio estratégico al grupo de investigación CAZAO de la Escuela de Ciencias Agrícolas, Pecuarias y del Medio Ambiente –ECAPMA, de la Uni-versidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia –UNAD CEAD Yopal, sede para Casanare. Esta iniciativa fue financiada por el Fondo Acción a través del Acuerdo para la Conservación de Bosques Tropicales TFCA.Como producto de la investigación, así como de los trabajos realizados por investi-gadores en esta cuenca, nace el libro El reto de conservar y producir: Biodiversidad y Sistemas Productivos de la cuenca media y baja del río Cravo Sur, que corresponde a la expresión de tres aspectos concatenados, para mostrarle al lector la bondad de utilizar la figura de conservación-producción de los ecosistemas de la cuenca media y baja del río Cravo Sur. En el libro se resalta su extraordinaria biodiversidad, los siste-mas productivos presentes y las estrategias de conservación planteadas para mitigar los factores negativos que inciden en la conservación de los paisajes del río Cravo Sur.Se describe en detalle la gran biodiversidad de la cuenca, más de 1000 especies de flo-ra, 400 especies de aves, artrópodos, peces, anfibios, reptiles y mamíferos de la cuen-ca media y baja del Cravo Sur. También se incluyen capítulos dedicados a los felinos y el morrocoy (Chelonoidis carbonarius), en la cuenca del río Cravo Sur y otras cuencas de la Orinoquía, finalizando con las mariposas.Se dedica una segunda parte del libro a la descripción de los sistemas productivos, se analiza para la cuenca del Cravo Sur la ganadería bovina, los cultivos de arroz, el panorama ambiental, social y económico del cultivo de palma de aceite (Elaeis gui-neensis), los sistemas de producción piscícola de pequeña escala y el estado actual de la minería, resaltando las experiencias positivas de producción sostenible y los retos hacia delante.Finalmente, se presentan estrategias de conservación, relacionando experiencias e iniciativas que buscan el fortalecimiento de capacidades territoriales, con miras a con-servar los bosques del río Cravo Sur, descritas en los capítulos de la iniciativa privada, una poderosa herramienta de conservación en la Orinoquía Colombiana; restauración en la cuenca media y baja del río Cravo Sur; fortalecimiento de capacidades locales y finaliza con el capítulo de acuerdos de conservación voluntarios en la cuenca