A Qualidade nas organizações desportivas através da implementação do sistema de gestão de recursos humanos

Mestrado em Gestão do Desporto - Organizações DesportivasA indústria do desporto e lazer tem crescido significativamente. A oferta de serviços desportivos cada vez mais aliciantes e competitivos concorrencialmente, leva as organizações desportivas a apostar na qualidade. A qualidade tem sido objecto de estudo como forma de distinção dos serviços e/ou produtos. Na gestão de organizações desportivas, a implementação da qualidade ao nível da construção e manutenção das infra-estruturas e monitorização das actividades tem evoluído substancialmente. O desenvolvimento de excelentes recursos, sejam materiais, financeiros, tecnológicos ou humanos, subsequencia o desenvolvimento de excelentes organizações. Verificamos uma evolução e constante adaptação na gestão de recursos humanos nas organizações. A gestão destes recursos de forma sistematizada, cumprindo um conjunto de requisitos que ajudam a organização a atrair, desenvolver e manter os seus colaboradores, torna a organização mais competitiva. A Norma Portuguesa 4427 responde às necessidades de normalização da Gestão de Recursos Humanos, permitindo à organização distinguir-se pela certificação da eficácia dos seus recursos humanos. A Norma foi criada pelo Instituto Português da Qualidade com o objectivo de normalizar a gestão de recursos humanos nas organizações. Pretendemos com este estudo analisar uma organização relativamente à gestão dos seus recursos humanos, a existência ou não um S.G.R.H. implementado e, através da análise pormenorizada de todos os requisitos da Norma, identificar as necessidades de melhoria na gestão desses recursos, de forma a contribuir para a eficácia e eficiência na gestão da organização colaborando para a qualidade dos serviços prestados pela mesma.Sports and leisure industry has grown significantly. The offering of more appealing and competitively in a concurrently of sports services, leads sports organizations to focus on quality. The quality has been studied as a mode of distinction of the services and / or products. In the management of sport organizations, implementation of quality in construction and maintenance of infrastructure and monitoring activities have evolved substantially. The development of excellent resources, whether material, financial, technological or human, it wills subsequence the development of excellent organizations. We see a constant evolution and adaptation in human resource management at organizations. The management of these resources in a systematic way, fulfilling a set of requirements that help the organization to attracts, develops and retains their employees, makes the organization more competitive. The Portuguese Standard 4427 responds the needs of normalization of Human Resource Management, allowing the organization to distinguish itself for certifying the effectiveness of its human resources. The Standard was created by Instituto Português da Qualidade with the purpose of standardizing the management of human resources in organizations. With this study we intend to make the analysis of one organization and the management of its human resources, whether or not a SGRH implemented through a detailed analysis of all requirements of the standard, identify the needs for improvement on the management of these resources, in order to contribute to the effectiveness and efficiency in the organization, and collaborate to the quality of services provided by it

Córtex pré-frontal, funções executivas e comportamento criminal

Tese de Doutoramento em Psicologia - Área de Especialidade Psicobiologia.Os comportamentos anti-sociais têm sido associados ao funcionamento pré-frontal, cuja disfunção pode levar a perturbações emocionais e/ou alteração das Funções Executivas relacionadas com a organização temporal do comportamento, planeamento, conceptualização e flexibilidade cognitiva. As disfunções executivas caracterizam-se, fundamentalmente, por impulsividade elevada, diminuição do controlo inibitório, perseveração, e perturbação da capacidade de planeamento, o que resulta num estilo de vida ocupacional e social disfuncional. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido através de três estudos que assentaram exclusivamente em técnicas psicométricas de exame neuropsicológico. O tema central do primeiro estudo, e objectivo principal deste trabalho, foi estudar as Funções Executivas numa amostra de reclusos através da análise das principais funções cognitivas frontais, relacionando-as com outras variáveis ligadas a este tipo de conduta, e que também podem resultar de disfunção pré-frontal, como os níveis de agressividade e as características de personalidade. Os estudos subsequentes foram desenvolvidos para abranger outros aspectos da relação das FE com a criminalidade, nomeadamente, a reincidência criminal e o tipo de crime cometido. Os resultados obtidos no primeiro estudo mostram que existem alterações do funcionamento executivo ao nível da flexibilidade mental e da planificação no grupo de reclusos, e que a perturbação da flexibilidade mental está relacionada com níveis elevados de expressão da ira e agressividade, assim como também apresenta uma relação com traços de personalidade impulsivos, caracterizados por acções irracionais e rigidez comportamental. Isto indica que uma fraca capacidade para alternar entre diferentes opções comportamentais, assim como a dificuldade em manter e executar um plano de acção de modo calmo e eficaz, podem promover manifestações de comportamentos agressivos e socialmente desajustados. A mesma tendência também se verificou no segundo estudo, onde se observou uma perturbação da flexibilidade mental associada à reincidência criminal. Isto remete para o facto de alteração da capacidade para alternar entre conceitos ou comportamentos, e respectivo aumento da perseveração em certos padrões comportamentais e respostas sociais, poderem estar na base da repetição de comportamentos criminais com consequências penais. Já em relação ao tipo de crime verificou-se um padrão diferente, visto que o grupo de crimes contra a propriedade apresenta alteração da memória de trabalho e da flexibilidade mental, enquanto que o grupo de crimes contra as pessoas tem um rendimento executivo dentro dos parâmetros normais excepto nas medidas da planificação. Deste modo, a avaliação neuropsicológica realizada permite concluir que existe alteração do funcionamento executivo associada ao comportamento criminal e indica que as manifestações anti-sociais e criminais verificadas podem ser uma consequência de disfunção pré-frontal.ABSTRACT: Antisocial behaviour has been associated with impairment of prefrontal brain areas that cause executive dysfunction and emotional disturbances. Prefrontal brain damage can have a serious effect on executive functioning by producing planning and mental flexibility disorders that lead to perseverative behaviour, and that also affects social and professional behaviour in a negative manner. The purpose of this research was to study the relation between executive functions and criminal behaviour and, with the intention to cover several aspects of criminality, it was carried through three studies based exclusively on psychometric techniques and neuropsychological testing. The central objective of the first study was to analyse executive functioning - through the prefrontal cognitive functions exam – in a sample of offenders, and its relation with high levels of anger and antisocial personality traits. Two subsequent studies were developed to provide a more comprehensive approach with regard to the relationship between EF and criminality: one dedicated to recurrent criminal behaviour, and another that examined the type of crime committed. The first study revealed that the offenders group shows executive impairments restricted to mental flexibility and planning abilities. It also provided evidence that the mental flexibility function is correlated with anger expression and with personality traits that produce irrational and rigid behaviour. This suggests that a weak ability to switch between different behavioural options, as well as an incapacity to maintain and execute an action plan in a calm and effective fashion, can promote dysfunctional social behaviour. Additionally, the data obtained in the second study showed a disturbance of mental flexibility associated with recurrent criminal behaviour, meaning that a set shifting deficit will increase perseveration on certain behavioural patterns that can lead to the repetition of criminal behaviour. And, finally, the third study demonstrates that there is a disruption of working memory and mental flexibility in the group of crimes against property, and that the offenders who have practiced crimes against people show executive functioning levels quite similar to those found in general population, except in the planning abilities where its scores are strongly affected by impulsivity. Hance, the neuropsychological assessment results point out the existence of prefrontal brain dysfunction that can be considered as the basis of impaired social behaviour. It is concluded that criminal behaviour, in the specific conditions of these studies, can be influenced by executive functions deficits caused by impaired neuronal functioningO presente trabalho foi financiado pela Fundação Para a Ciência e Tecnologia (SFRH / BD / 27450 / 2006) e pelo Fundo Social Europeu (FSE) no âmbito do Programa Operacional Potencial Humano (POPH/QREN)

Well-Being, Resilience and Social Support of Athletes with Disabilities: A Systematic Review

Sport for people with disabilities appears to play a positive role in the well-being, resilience and social support of athletes with disabilities. Thus, this systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of adapted sport on the well-being, resilience and social support in a population with disabilities. The Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus and SportDiscus databases were used, with several descriptors and Boolean operators. A total of 287 studies were identified through searching the databases. After the data extraction process, twenty-seven studies were included for analysis. In general, these studies show that adapted sport has a positive impact on the levels of well-being, resilience and social support resources for people with disabilities, contributing to their personal development, quality of life and integration into society. Considering the impact on the variables studied, these results are important to support and encourage the development of adapted sport.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Transtorno do espectro autista e tratamento com canabidiol: uma revisão bibliográfica / Autism spectrum disorder and cannabidiol treatment: a literature review

O transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) compreende em uma ampla gama de condições que impactam a comunicação social e o comportamento do indivíduo. O Centro de Controle e Prevenção de Doenças, afirma que o TEA é uma questão de saúde pública, com aumento marcante em sua prevalência na população mundial. Por outro lado, o tratamento com canabidiol tem se destacado como uma possível intervenção no manejo do transtorno. Isso porque, através de sua atuação nos neurotransmissores, promove uma regulação positiva dos sintomas associados ao TEA. Desta forma, o objetivo deste artigo foi verificar através de uma revisão bibliográfica, o uso do canabidiol no tratamento de indivíduos com TEA. Os resultados desta pesquisa evidenciaram as contribuições do canabidiol como terapia alternativa aos métodos convencionais para tratamento da sintomatologia do TEA. O tratamento com canabidiol representa grande importância para as condutas de manejo que buscam a qualidade de vida à população com TEA, no entanto, é importante ressaltar a necessidade de estudos que considerem os possíveis efeitos adversos e as consequências do uso a longo prazo

Abstracts

Tradução para a língua inglesa dos resumos dos artigos publicados nesta edição

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mammals in Portugal: a data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n =31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n = 18,857), Carnivora (n = 18,594), Lagomorpha (n = 17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n = 11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n = 7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n = 12,159], Monachus monachus [n = 1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n = 197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications

Tokyo 2020: A Sociodemographic and Psychosocial Characterization of the Portuguese Paralympic Team

The importance of practicing sports and its impact on the quality of life of people with disabilities is fundamental. Characterizing subjective well-being, resilience, and social influence in the practice of adapted sports, namely in those who participate in elite sport in Portugal, is truly important to support a set of initiatives to promote higher levels of practice. Thus, this study describes the Portuguese delegation at the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games through sociodemographic and psychosocial (positive and negative affect, life satisfaction, resilience, and social support) variables. The study involved 31 of the 33 athletes of the Portuguese Paralympic team aged between 15 and 58 years (34.45 ± 11.7 years), with 21 men and 10 women. Individual-level sociodemographic data gave us a clear insight into the reality of adapted sport in Portugal. The high values of life satisfaction, high positive affect and low negative affect, as well as high levels of resilience and social support seem to be important variables for these athletes. The data from the present study highlighted the importance of understanding the characteristics of Paralympic athletes, in order to better understand the reality of Paralympic sport in Portugal.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Recidivist criminal behaviour and executive functions: a comparative study

This study sought to analyse the relation between executive functions and criminal recidivism. We assessed a set of cognitive abilities associated with executive functioning in a group of recidivist offenders (n = 19), primary offenders (n = 25) and non-offenders (n = 30). Our results, tested with nonparametric statistics and Monte Carlo method, revealed that there were no executive differences between both groups of offenders but, when compared with non-offenders, the recidivists showed a worse performance in Trail Making Test part B, and the primary offenders presented a significant lower score on Porteus Maze Test Age score. This study suggests that there can be a different pattern of executive functioning deficits associated with the offenders’ criminal record: recidivism may be more related to mental flexibility impairments and primary offenders’ antisocial behaviour may be aggravated by planning deficits.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologi

Analise comparativa do custo da utilização de luvas com reprocessamento e sem reprocessamento

O estudo propõe uma análise do sistema de reprocessamento de luvas de látex em seus aspectos técnicos e financeiros, objetivando sua validação, ou adoção de uma nova estratégia, que garanta o suprimento adequado de luvas, tanto quantitativa como qualitativamente, aos diversos Serviços do Hospital Universitário. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no período de janeiro de 1991 a março de 1992. Os resultados demonstraram que a adequação do uso da luva e a eliminação do reprocessamento, possibilitaram uma redução de custos na utilização de luvas correspondente ao montante da ordem de 37%