Mosquito Repellency of Polyester Nets Treated with Cyclodextrin/Repellent Complexes

Fabric treatments with β-Cyclodextrins (β-CD) have been studied for different applications as nanotechnologycal approaches to achieve functional textiles. In particular, repellents and insecticides have been incorporated in β-CD treated textiles to prolong their release. In this case, Citriodiol®, a naturally derived mosquito repellent, was incorporated to β-CD treated polyester (PET) nets. Two methods for citriodiol inclusion were studied; i) pipette dripping or ii) impregnation of fabric in a plastic bag, in order to increase the repellent activity of PET textile substrates. Release profiles were analyzed by gas chromatography and repellency was monitored by in vivo assays with Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Long lasting and reloadable mosquito repellent nets could be achieved by treating PET knits with citriodiol/β-CD complexes.Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectore

Mosquito Repellency of Polyester Nets Treated with Cyclodextrin/Repellent Complexes

Fabric treatments with β-Cyclodextrins (β-CD) have been studied for different applications as nanotechnologycal approaches to achieve functional textiles. In particular, repellents and insecticides have been incorporated in β-CD treated textiles to prolong their release. In this case, Citriodiol®, a naturally derived mosquito repellent, was incorporated to β-CD treated polyester (PET) nets. Two methods for citriodiol inclusion were studied; i) pipette dripping or ii) impregnation of fabric in a plastic bag, in order to increase the repellent activity of PET textile substrates. Release profiles were analyzed by gas chromatography and repellency was monitored by in vivo assays with Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Long lasting and reloadable mosquito repellent nets could be achieved by treating PET knits with citriodiol/β-CD complexes.Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectore

Evaluación antihelmíntica de un extracto vegetal rico en taninos

Las infecciones por nematodos gastrointestinales (GIN) son una gran amenaza para la producción, la salud y el bienestar de los bovinos de las principales áreas ganaderas de Argentina y el mundo (Suárez et al, 2013; Descarga C, 2019; Charlier et al, 2015). El control de estos parásitos helmintos basados casi exclusivamente en el uso estratégico o táctico de fármacos antihelmínticos químicos ha demostrado no ser sustentable (Suárez et al, 2011). La información regional de resistencia antihelmíntica recopilada en los últimos años por el laboratorio de parasitología de la EEA INTA General Villegas y coincidente con el último relevamiento realizado en la región ganadera central, destacan que la mayoría de los estableci¬mientos presentan niveles de eficacia antihelmíntica baja a una o más principios químicos utilizados (Buffarini, 2018; Cristel et al., 2017). Cuando se compara con un relevamiento similar realizado en la misma área geográfica hace 15 años, se comprueba un agravamiento de la situación no solo en la prevalencia sino en los niveles de eficacia y principios afectados (Caracostantogolo et al., 2005). El creciente desarrollo y difusión de la resistencia antihelmíntica en los nematodos presentes en la actualidad, impone la necesidad de explo¬rar y validar nuevas alternativas para un control sustentable. Una de las estrategias evaluadas para atacar esta problemática es el control basado en sustancias antihelmínticas no convencionales (compuestos vegetales o minerales).Estación Experimental Agropecuaria General VillegasFil: Buffarini, Miguel Angel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria General Villegas; ArgentinaFil: Herrera, Juan A. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Batistessa, Manuel. Universidad Nacional La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Canton, Candela. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina.Fil: Lifschitz, Adrian Luis. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina.Fil: Miró, María V.. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina

Safety and Revisit Related to Discharge the Sixty-one Spanish Emergency Department Medical Centers Without Hospitalization in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia. A Prospective Cohort Study UMC-Pneumonia COVID-19

Background: Information is needed on the safety and efficacy of direct discharge from the emergency department (ED) of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to study the variables associated with discharge from the ED in patients presenting with COVID-19 pneumonia, and study ED revisits related to COVID-19 at 30 days (EDR30d). Methods: Multicenter study of the SIESTA cohort including 1198 randomly selected COVID patients in 61 EDs of Spanish medical centers from March 1, 2020, to April 30, 2020. We collected baseline and related characteristics of the acute episode and calculated the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for ED discharge. In addition, we analyzed the variables related to EDR30d in discharged patients. Results: We analyzed 859 patients presenting with COVID-19 pneumonia, 84 (9.8%) of whom were discharged from the ED. The variables independently associated with discharge were being a woman (aOR 1.890; 95%CI 1.176-3.037), age 1200/mm(3) (aOR 4.667; 95%CI 1.045-20.839). The EDR30d of the ED discharged group was 40.0%, being lower in women (aOR 0.368; 95%CI 0.142-0.953). A total of 130 hospitalized patients died (16.8%) as did two in the group discharged from the ED (2.4%) (OR 0.121; 95%CI 0.029-0.498). Conclusion: Discharge from the ED in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia was infrequent and was associated with few variables of the episode. The EDR30d was high, albeit with a low mortality

HTLV-1 infection in solid organ transplant donors and recipients in Spain

HTLV-1 infection is a neglected disease, despite infecting 10-15 million people worldwide and severe illnesses develop in 10% of carriers lifelong. Acknowledging a greater risk for developing HTLV-1 associated illnesses due to immunosuppression, screening is being widely considered in the transplantation setting. Herein, we report the experience with universal HTLV testing of donors and recipients of solid organ transplants in a survey conducted in Spain. All hospitals belonging to the Spanish HTLV network were invited to participate in the study. Briefly, HTLV antibody screening was performed retrospectively in all specimens collected from solid organ donors and recipients attended since the year 2008. A total of 5751 individuals were tested for HTLV antibodies at 8 sites. Donors represented 2312 (42.2%), of whom 17 (0.3%) were living kidney donors. The remaining 3439 (59.8%) were recipients. Spaniards represented nearly 80%. Overall, 9 individuals (0.16%) were initially reactive for HTLV antibodies. Six were donors and 3 were recipients. Using confirmatory tests, HTLV-1 could be confirmed in only two donors, one Spaniard and another from Colombia. Both kidneys of the Spaniard were inadvertently transplanted. Subacute myelopathy developed within 1 year in one recipient. The second recipient seroconverted for HTLV-1 but the kidney had to be removed soon due to rejection. Immunosuppression was stopped and 3 years later the patient remains in dialysis but otherwise asymptomatic. The rate of HTLV-1 is low but not negligible in donors/recipients of solid organ transplants in Spain. Universal HTLV screening should be recommended in all donor and recipients of solid organ transplantation in Spain. Evidence is overwhelming for very high virus transmission and increased risk along with the rapid development of subacute myelopathy

Defining the importance of landscape metrics for large branchiopod biodiversity and conservation: the case of the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands

The deficiency in the distributional data of invertebrate taxa is one of the major impediments acting on the bias towards the low awareness of its conservation status. The present study sets a basic framework to understand the large branchiopods distribution in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands. Since the extensive surveys performed in the late 1980s, no more studies existed updating the information for the whole studied area. The present study fills the gap, gathering together all available information on large branchiopods distribution since 1995, and analysing the effect of human population density and several landscape characteristics on their distribution, taking into consideration different spatial scales (100 m, 1 km and 10 km). In overall, 28 large branchiopod taxa (17 anostracans, 7 notostracans and 4 spinicaudatans) are known to occur in the area. Approximately 30% of the sites hosted multiple species, with a maximum of 6 species. Significant positive co-occurring species pairs were found clustered together, forming 4 different associations of large branchiopod species. In general, species clustered in the same group showed similar responses to analysed landscape characteristics, usually showing a better fit at higher spatial scales.Brazilian Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico-CNPq [401045/2014-5]Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport [FPU014/06783]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A Procedure for Oxytocin Measurement in Hair of Pig: Analytical Validation and a Pilot Application

There is growing interest in oxytocin as a biomarker of stress and welfare. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a procedure based on a highly sensitive immunoassay to measure oxytocin in the hair of pigs. In addition, a pilot study to apply this procedure to evaluate possible changes in concentrations of oxytocin in hair during the reproductive cycle of pigs at different periods of the year was conducted. This procedure used methanol for sample extraction, since it offered better recoveries than acetonitrile, and the immunoassay developed was precise and accurate for the quantification of the oxytocin in the hair. When this procedure was applied to hair collected at different times of the reproductive cycle and season, higher values were found at days 23 and 59 after farrowing in the winter–spring period. In addition, higher oxytocin values in the spring–summer period were found in hair collected 5 days before farrowing compared to winter–spring. Oxytocin in hair showed moderate and low correlations with cortisone and cortisol in hair, respectively. This study represents the first report in which oxytocin was measured in hair and could open new lines for future research about the measurement of oxytocin in pigs and other biological species as a biomarker of stress

Bacterioruberin extracts from a genetically modified hyperpigmented Haloferax volcanii strain: antioxidant activity and bioactive properties on sperm cells

[Aims]: To examine the antioxidant activity of Bacterioruberin (Bctr)‐rich extracts isolated from a hyperpigmented, genetically modified Haloferax volcanii strain (HVLON 3) and to investigate the effect on cold‐sensitive ram sperm cells.[Methods and Results]: The strain HVLON 3 produces higher Bctr amounts than most haloarchaea (220 ± 13 mg g−1 DW ). HVLON 3‐Bctr extract has higher antioxidant activity than β‐carotene (threefold) as evaluated using 2,2 diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl combined with Electron Paramagnetic Resonance analysis (EC 50 4·5 × 10−5 mol l−1 vs 13·9 × 10−5 mol l−1 respectively). Different concentrations of HVLON 3‐Bctr extracts were assayed on ram sperm after freezing/thawing and physiologically relevant parameters were examined. Extracts containing 7 and 20 μ mol l−1 Bctr significantly improved cell viability (P < 0·0001), total and progressive motility (P < 0·0001) and sperm velocities (P = 0·0172 for curvilinear velocity VCL , P = 0·0268 for average path velocity VAP and P = 0·0181 for straight line velocity VSL ) and did not affect other parameters evaluated.[Conclusions]: HVLON 3 is an excellent source of natural microbial C50 carotenoids with applicability in Biotechnology, Biomedical and Veterinary fields. HVLON 3 Bctr extract improves the quality of cryopreserved ram sperm cells and could be applied to increase insemination yields.[Significance and Impact of the Study]: This study provides an insight on the bioactive properties of a bioproduct derived from haloarchaea (carotenoids) which are so far underexploited.This research was supported by the National Agency for Scientific and Technological Promotion (ANPCyT) grants PICT‐2015‐3682 and PICT‐2014‐1477 awarded to A.C. and R.D.C., respectively; UNMDP grants 15/E818, EXA819/17 and EXA823/17 awarded to M.S.C., A.C. and R.D.C, respectively.Peer reviewe