Pengaruh Penambahan Isolator Terhadap Distribusi Temperatur dan Nyala Efektif Api Pada Tungku Gasifikasi Tipe Downdraft

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan isolator terhadap performa tungku gasifikasi tipe downdraft. Tiga material isolator yang digunakan yaitu serbuk batu bata, serbuk batu padas dan pasir. Parameter utama yang digunakan sebagai tolok ukur kinerja tungku gasifikasi yaitu temperatur pembakaran dan durasi nyala efektif api yang dihasilkan dari bahan bakar biomassa. Biomassa yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah sekam padi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan dua tahap, tahap pertama dilakukan pengujian kinerja tungku gasifikasi tanpa menggunakan isolator. Tahap kedua yaitu dilakukan pengujian dengan menggunakan isolator yang dipasang pada dinding tungku gasifikasi. Hasil pengujian tungku tanpa isolator didapatkan temperatur rata-rata nyala api sebesar 272°C dan nyala efektif api selama 53 menit. Pengujian dengan penambahan isolator didapatkan temperatur rata-rata nyala api dengan material serbuk batu bata sebesar 506°C dengan temperatur isolator 102°C dan nyala efektif api selama 54 menit. Untuk serbuk batu padas temperatur rata-rata nyala api sebesar 484°C dengan temperatur isolator 134°C dan nyala efektif api selama 53 menit. Sedangkan isolator pasir temperatur rata-rata nyala api sebesar 466°C, temperatur isolator 146°C dan nyala efektif api selama 52 menit. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan maka kinerja tungku gasifikasi dengan menggunakan isolator meningkat dibandingkan tungku tanpa isolator. Isolator serbuk batu bata meningkatkan kinerja tungku gasifikasi sebesar 90,2% sedangkan untuk serbuk batu padas dan  pasir masing-masing sebesar 83,2% dan 77,6%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa serbuk batu bata merupakan isolator yang paling optimal dibandingkan dengan serbuk batu padas dan pasir

Behavior toward energy: An exploration of high school students’ perspective in Indonesia

Securing universal access to affordable electricity by 2030 is one of the sustainable development goals. Meanwhile, energy consumption efficiency has a vital role in determining the achievement of this goal. Therefore, exploring behavior toward energy is crucial. Energy behavior is often characterized as individual actions that influence energy consumption and understanding of its production. On the other hand, the perspective of the young Indonesian generation is interesting to explore as their country is well-known as a fossil energy producer. In this study, the participants were 475 junior high school students in the ninth grade from four public schools in Indonesia. The questionnaire has 39 items that explore students’ perspectives on their behavior toward energy. The result shows that students’ energy behavior is mainly at a moderate level with no significant difference by gender. Students with experience in informal energy education showed higher energy behavior. The result suggests the urgency of a better quality of energy education, both formal and informal, that supports reinforcement in energy behavior

Thermal Energy Storage Optimization in Shopping Center Buildings

In this research, cooling system optimization using thermal energy storage (TES) in shopping center buildings was investigated. Cooling systems in commercial buildings account for up to 50% of their total energy consumption. This incurs high electricity costs related to the tariffs determined by the Indonesian government with the price during peak hours up to twice higher than during off-peak hours. Considering the problem, shifting the use of electrical load away from peak hours is desirable. This may be achieved by using a cooling system with TES. In a TES system, a chiller produces cold water to provide the required cooling load and saves it to a storage tank. Heat loss in the storage tank has to be considered because greater heat loss requires additional chiller capacity and investment costs. Optimization of the cooling system was done by minimizing the combination of chiller capacity, cooling load and heat loss using simplex linear programming. The results showed that up to 20% electricity cost savings can be achieved for a standalone shopping center building

Thermal Energy Storage Optimization in Shopping Center Buildings

In this research, cooling system optimization using thermal energy storage (TES) in shopping center buildings was investigated. Cooling systems in commercial buildings account for up to 50% of their total energy consumption. This incurs high electricity costs related to the tariffs determined by the Indonesian government with the price during peak hours up to twice higher than during off-peak hours. Considering the problem, shifting the use of electrical load away from peak hours is desirable. This may be achieved by using a cooling system with TES. In a TES system, a chiller produces cold water to provide the required cooling load and saves it to a storage tank. Heat loss in the storage tank has to be considered because greater heat loss requires additional chiller capacity and investment costs. Optimization of the cooling system was done by minimizing the combination of chiller capacity, cooling load and heat loss using simplex linear programming. The results showed that up to 20% electricity cost savings can be achieved for a standalone shopping center building

IMPACT OF BIODIESEL AGROINDUSTRY ON THE ACHIEVEMENT OF NATIONAL ENERGY SECURITY

The National Energy General Plan (RUEN) has set 11.6 million kiloliters of biodiesel production target in 2025. The determination of biodiesel production targets in RUEN is part of the objectives mandated in the National Energy Policy (KEN), which is to achieve energy security and independence. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the impact of biodiesel agroindustry on the achievement of national energy security in 2025. The simulation conducted in this study uses Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning (LEAP) software, which based on the accounting model. The model has run on Business as Usual (BAU) scenario, using four dimensions and 12 indicators of energy security in the context of biodiesel agroindustry. Model simulation results show a decreasing energy security trend in the period of 2022-2025, while the biodiesel production target, which was set at RUEN, cannot be achieved in 2025. This is mainly related to availability and affordability, which experienced a decline in the period. Further research needs to be done on the strategy of developing biodiesel agroindustry by considering scenarios of increasing production capacity and productivity as well as its impact on national energy security

Techno-economic analysis of a combined cooling, heating and power system based on hot sedimentary aquifer for hotel building in tropical countries

Low enthalpy geothermal based Combined Cooling, Heating and Power (CCHP) system for building is expected can increase energy efficiency and reduce carbon dioxide emission. The aim of this study is to assess techno-economic performances of a CCHP for hotel building in tropical countries with total energy demand of 7.64 MW. The fresh geothermal fluid was divided by 15% to power generation system of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) and the waste heat merged with the rest fresh geothermal to absorption refrigeration system and heating systems. Cycle Tempo and COMSOL are used to simulate CCHP system and a borehole of hot sedimentary aquifer (HSA), respectively. The simulation results indicate that total CCHP system efficiency is 36.61% consist of ORC efficiency and absorption cycle efficiency are 12.77% and 57.88%, respectively with emission reduction of 1.4 ton CO2 eq. per year compare to conventional grid electricity. The best business scheme was BOO with financial incentives, which were tax allowance, soft loan, and grant. Therefore, the production prices were 0.08 USD/kWth, 0.10 USD/kWeh, and 12.03 USD/MMBtu for cooling, electricity, and heating respectively

Addressing Palm Biodiesel as Renewable Fuel for the Indonesian Power Generation Sector: Java-Madura-Bali System

Energy security defined as how to equitably provide available, affordable, reliable efficient, environmentally friendly, proactively governed and socially acceptable energy services to end user. It has in recent years taken attention of policymakers in different parts of the world. Formulating policy to improve energy security is mandatory, not only because of depleting fossil resource, but also implementing diversity of energy source since utilization abundant renewable energy resources can increase the security of energy supply. One of the abundant renewable energy resources in Indonesia is palm oil. This study analyses the utilization of palm biodiesel for Indonesian power generation sector in the Java-Madura-Bali (JAMALI) system. Two scenarios were created by projecting the demand and environmental impact as well as GHG emissions reduction over the next 25 years. The first scenario subjects on current energy policy, while the second scenario is to substitute of fossil fuel which is still used in the JAMALI power generation system. Effect of palm biodiesel on emission of Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Sulfur Dioxide, Nitrogen Oxides, Particulate Matter, and Volatile Organic Compounds were estimated for each scenario. An externality analysis to complete the environmental analysis was conducted and resource analysis of palm oil plantation based biodiesel was also estimated. Finally, the economics feasibility of palm biodiesel in the power generation sector was analyzed

Stakeholder mapping and analysis of the renewable energy industry in Indonesia

The development of renewable energy in Indonesia is still in a relatively fledgling state, yet it is forecast to increase. The Government of Indonesia has formulated and implemented several strategic programs, compiled under several binding frameworks, namely the National Energy Policy and the General Plan for National Energy. The government is committed internationally to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions as part of its Nationally Determined Contributions. However, unearthing the dynamics of renewable and sustainable energy in Indonesia requires a detailed stakeholder analysis of all relevant and major actors. This paper aims to provide a stakeholder analysis of actors in the renewable and sustainable energy sector in Indonesia as a whole, using a Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental (PESTLE) analysis methodology. The results have indicated that existing policies are not yet perfect, given that the renewable energy industry is still quite minimal, especially in the current conditions of falling oil prices. In the future, it is hoped that the government can formulate a breakthrough policy to improve existing policies in the renewable energy sector, such as by giving ease to investors in the renewable energy sector, including the effective and efficient supply chain management of renewable energy.</p

BEHAVIOUR AND PARTICIPATION OF COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS AS LOCAL ACTORS IN POLICY IMPLEMENTATION IN DENPASAR

This research is entitled “Behaviour and Participation of Local Community Organizations as Local Actors in Policy Implementation in Denpasar” Denpasar city as one of a Metropolis City is a dense city with a high heterogeneity with all of its development policy problems. A development that can fulfill the citizen needs is a demand that can not be postponed again in this area of regional autonomy. However, in practice, this often encountered many obstacles and problems. Ideally, regional development should involve community participation and based on the neds of citizen itself. Observation methods used by the autor is qualitative descriptive method. The data source obtained from aspect of place, person, and paper. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation. The role and participation of community organizations in the city of Denpasar in policy implementation in the city of Denpasar is required by the government to create a synergy of development in the city of Denpasar. Each actor reveals that there is still a lot of the problems that exist in the city of Denpasar, its because Denpasar itself which is now evolving into a dense city with large numbers of immigrants, with all of that problems it really needs synergy between the parties in order to solve it. Based on this observation, as a form of the problematic solution that there are methods of public organizations participation is one that is expected to be implemented. The most expected to be implemented. The most expected participation of actors involved in a variety of policy implementation in the city of Denpasar is the public organization