Yoga exercise and breathing method in treatment of low back pain

Ovim radom prikazuje se yoga metoda disanja i vježbanja kao moguća terapija kod lumbalnog bolnog sindroma.Lumbalni bolni sindrom ili križobolja javlja se barem jednom u životu kod 80% populacije. Mogu biti različiti uzroci za pojavu križobolje, a svakom pojedincu se treba pristupiti individualno. Najbolje prevencija ali i terapija za isti je tjelesna aktivnost, a upravo yoga zbog svog holističkog pristupa dokazano pozitivno djeluje na smanjenje bolova kod križobolje.Rad je koncipiran u nekoliko cjelina. Nakon uvoda detaljno je objašnjen lumbalni bolni sindrom(križobolja), zatim je predstavljena yoga, a pogotovo njezin fizički aspekt, te je na kraju dan prijedlog 10 vježbi za tretman lumbalnog bolnog sindroma.This master work presents yoga breathing and exercise as a possible therapy for lumbar pain syndrome.Lumbar pain syndrome occurs at least once in 80% of the population. There may be a variety of causes for the lumbar pain syndrome occurrence, and each individual should be accessed individually. The best prevention but also the therapy for the same is physical activity, and yoga because of its holistic approach has proven to have a positive effect on reducing pain in.the lumbar pain syndrome.Work has been conceived in several units. After the introduction, the lumbar pain syndromeis explained in detail, then yoga is presented, especially its physical aspect, and at the end there are 10 exercises for the treatment of lumbar pain syndrome

ASSESSMENT OF NOISE MITIGATION MEASURES IN URBAN AREAS

U radu je na primjeru Masarykove ulice smještene u užem centru grada Zagreba prikazan postupak ocjene učinkovitosti različitih mjera za smanjenje razina buke koje se odnose na upravljanje prometom. Analiza stanja bučnosti za šest različitih scenarija provedena je metodom računalnog modeliranja u specijaliziranom računalnom programu za predviđanje razina buke LimA, prilikom čega je definiran onaj optimalni koji je rezultirao najvećim smanjenjem razina buke u Masarykovoj ulici te najmanjim povećanjem razina buke u okolnim ulicama. Rezultati proračuna validirani su kratkotrajnim mjerenjima razina buke na terenu u dnevnom, večernjem i noćnom periodu.Within the scope of this study, the assessment of effectiveness of various traffic management and engineering noise mitigation measures at Masarykova Street located in the narrower centre of the city of Zagreb was made. Noise analyses were carried out by means of noise modelling procedure using the specialized noise prediction software LimA. Six different noise mitigation scenarios were observed, and optimal one regarding the amount of noise reduction in Masarykova Street and the amount of noise increase in adjacent streets was defined. Noise modelling results were validated by short term noise measurements carried out in day, evening, and night periods

Effectiveness of the adapted bivalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccines against hospitalisation in individuals aged ≥ 60 years during the Omicron XBB lineage-predominant period: VEBIS SARI VE network, Europe, February to August, 2023

Members of the European Hospital Vaccine Effectiveness Group: Portugal: Ana Paula Rodrigues, Débora Pereira, Susana Costa Maia e Silva, Paula Pinto, Cristina Bárbara, António Pais de Lacerda, Raquel Guiomar and Camila Henriques.The European Medicines Agency (EMA) authorised four adapted bivalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccines for use against COVID-19 in September/October 2022: Comirnaty (BNT162b2; Pfizer-BioNTech) and Spikevax (mRNA-1273; Moderna) Original/Omicron BA.1 and Original/Omicron BA.4–5 [1]. During autumn 2022, all European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries had vaccination campaigns in place to administer a booster dose, with several countries using the adapted bivalent vaccines [2]. The Omicron-descendent XBB lineage and XBB.1.5 sub-lineage became variants of interest in March 2023 [3]. We estimated the effectiveness of the COVID-19 bivalent vaccines against hospitalisation with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients aged ≥ 60 years with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) during the XBB lineage-predominant period.The ‘Vaccine Effectiveness, Burden and Impact Studies studies’ (VEBIS) is a project of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) run under the framework con tract No. ECDC/2021/016.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 hospitalisation in adults (≥ 20 years) during Alpha- and Delta-dominant circulation: I-MOVE-COVID-19 and VEBIS SARI VE networks, Europe, 2021

Members of the I-MOVE-COVID-19 and VEBIS hospital study teams (in addition to the named authors): Svjetlana Karabuva, Petra Tomaš Petrić, Marija Marković, Sandra Ljubičić, Bojana Mahmutović, Irena Tabain, Petra Smoljo, Iva Pem Novosel, Tanya Melillo, John Paul Cauchi, Benédicte Lissoir, Xavier Holemans, Marc Hainaut, Nicolas Dauby, Benedicte Delaere, Marc Bourgeois, Evelyn Petit, Marijke Reynders, Door Jouck, Koen Magerman, Marieke Bleyen, Melissa Vermeulen, Sébastien Fierens, François Dufrasne, Siel Daelemans, Ala’a Al Kerwi, Francoise Berthet, Guy Fagherazzi, Myriam Alexandre, Charlene Bennett, Jim Christle, Jeff Connell, Peter Doran, Laura Feeney, Binita Maharjan, Sinead McDermott, Rosa McNamara, Nadra Nurdin, Salif Mamadou Cissé, Anne-Sophie L'Honneur, Xavier Duval, Yolande Costa, Fidouh Nadhira, Florence Galtier, Laura Crantelle, Vincent Foulongne, Phillipe Vanhems, Sélilah Amour, Bruno Lina, Fabrice Lainé, Laetitia Gallais, Gisèle Lagathu, Anna Maisa, Yacine Saidi, Christine Durier, Rebecca Bauer, Ana Paula Rodrigues, Adriana Silva, Raquel Guiomar, Margarida Tavares, Débora Pereira, Maria José Manata, Heidi Gruner, André Almeida, Paula Pinto, Cristina Bárbara, Itziar Casado, Ana Miqueleiz, Ana Navascués, Camino Trobajo-Sanmartín, Miguel Fernández-Huerta, María Eugenia Portillo, Carmen Ezpeleta, Nerea Egüés, Manuel García Cenoz, Eva Ardanaz, Marcela Guevara, Conchi Moreno-Iribas, Hana Orlíková, Carmen Mihaela Dorobat, Carmen Manciuc, Simin Aysel Florescu, Alexandru Marin, Sorin Dinu, Catalina Pascu, Alina Ivanciuc, Iulia Bistriceanu, Mihaela Oprea, Maria Elena Mihai, Silke Buda, Ute Preuss, Marianne Wedde, Auksė Mickienė, Giedrė Gefenaitė, Alain Moren, Anthony NardoneIntroduction: Two large multicentre European hospital networks have estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) against COVID-19 since 2021. Aim: We aimed to measure VE against PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 in hospitalised severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) patients ≥ 20 years, combining data from these networks during Alpha (March–June)- and Delta (June–December)-dominant periods, 2021. Methods: Forty-six participating hospitals across 14 countries follow a similar generic protocol using the test-negative case–control design. We defined complete primary series vaccination (PSV) as two doses of a two-dose or one of a single-dose vaccine ≥ 14 days before onset. Results: We included 1,087 cases (538 controls) and 1,669 cases (1,442 controls) in the Alpha- and Delta-dominant periods, respectively. During the Alpha period, VE against hospitalisation with SARS-CoV2 for complete Comirnaty PSV was 85% (95% CI: 69–92) overall and 75% (95% CI: 42–90) in those aged ≥ 80 years. During the Delta period, among SARI patients ≥ 20 years with symptom onset ≥ 150 days from last PSV dose, VE for complete Comirnaty PSV was 54% (95% CI: 18–74). Among those receiving Comirnaty PSV and mRNA booster (any product) ≥ 150 days after last PSV dose, VE was 91% (95% CI: 57–98). In time-since-vaccination analysis, complete all-product PSV VE was > 90% in those with their last dose < 90 days before onset; ≥ 70% in those 90–179 days before onset. Conclusions: Our results from this EU multi-country hospital setting showed that VE for complete PSV alone was higher in the Alpha- than the Delta-dominant period, and addition of a first booster dose during the latter period increased VE to over 90%.Key public health message: - What did you want to address in this study? To understand how well the COVID-19 vaccine was performing in Europe against hospitalisation during SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta variant periods, we present vaccine effectiveness results from a multi-country study of complete and booster dose COVID-19 vaccination among adults (aged 20 years and over). - What have we learnt from this study? Between March and June 2021 (Alpha period), vaccine effectiveness against hospitalisation with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 was 43% for partial vaccination and 86% for complete vaccination. For June to December 2021 (Delta period), vaccine effectiveness for complete vaccination was lower (52%) but with addition of an mRNA booster dose, effectiveness reached 91%, and remained > 90% up to 119 days after the booster dose. - What are the implications of your findings for public health? In Europe in 2021, COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness results for the Alpha period indicated an excellent benefit for preventing hospitalisation after complete vaccination. During Delta variant circulation, however, a booster dose was required to achieve this level of effectiveness, and this was maintained for up to 4 months post booster.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 hospitalisation in adults (≥ 20 years) during Omicron-dominant circulation: I-MOVE-COVID-19 and VEBIS SARI VE networks, Europe, 2021 to 2022

Introduction: The I-MOVE-COVID-19 and VEBIS hospital networks have been measuring COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) in participating European countries since early 2021. Aim: We aimed to measure VE against PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 in patients ≥ 20 years hospitalised with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) from December 2021 to July 2022 (Omicron-dominant period). Methods: In both networks, 46 hospitals (13 countries) follow a similar test-negative case-control protocol. We defined complete primary series vaccination (PSV) and first booster dose vaccination as last dose of either vaccine received ≥ 14 days before symptom onset (stratifying first booster into received < 150 and ≥ 150 days after last PSV dose). We measured VE overall, by vaccine category/product, age group and time since first mRNA booster dose, adjusting by site as a fixed effect, and by swab date, age, sex, and presence/absence of at least one commonly collected chronic condition. Results: We included 2,779 cases and 2,362 controls. The VE of all vaccine products combined against hospitalisation for laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 was 43% (95% CI: 29-54) for complete PSV (with last dose received ≥ 150 days before onset), while it was 59% (95% CI: 51-66) after addition of one booster dose. The VE was 85% (95% CI: 78-89), 70% (95% CI: 61-77) and 36% (95% CI: 17-51) for those with onset 14-59 days, 60-119 days and 120-179 days after booster vaccination, respectively. Conclusions: Our results suggest that, during the Omicron period, observed VE against SARI hospitalisation improved with first mRNA booster dose, particularly for those having symptom onset < 120 days after first booster dose.Key public health message: 1. What did you want to address in this study? In order to understand how well the COVID-19 vaccine is performing in Europe against hospitalisation during the period when the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant was circulating, we investigated vaccine effectiveness using data from a multi-country study of complete and booster-dose COVID-19 vaccination among adults aged 20 years and over. 2. What have we learnt from this study? Between December 2021 and July 2022, vaccine effectiveness against hospitalisation with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 was 43% for complete vaccination. With addition of an mRNA booster dose, effectiveness was 59% overall. It was higher when onset of illness was close to the date of the last vaccination, at 85% when last booster dose was 14–59 days before onset, at 70% for 60–119 days, and falling below 40% for 120–179 days. 3. What are the implications of your findings for public health? In European hospital settings in 2022, during the Omicron period, COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccine provided an improved benefit for preventing hospitalisation, particularly if disease onset was within 4 months of receiving the booster dose.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Seasonal and inter-seasonal RSV activity in the European Region during the COVID-19 pandemic from autumn 2020 to summer 2022

© 2023 The Authors. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Background: The emergence of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in early 2020 and subsequent implementation of public health and social measures (PHSM) disrupted the epidemiology of respiratory viruses. This work describes the epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) observed during two winter seasons (weeks 40–20) and inter-seasonal periods (weeks 21–39) during the pandemic between October 2020 and September 2022. Methods: Using data submitted to The European Surveillance System (TESSy) by countries or territories in the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region between weeks 40/2020 and 39/2022, we aggregated country-specific weekly RSV counts of sentinel, non-sentinel and Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) surveillance specimens and calculated percentage positivity. Results for both 2020/21 and 2021/22 seasons and inter-seasons were compared with pre-pandemic 2016/17 to 2019/20 seasons and inter-seasons. Results: Although more specimens were tested than in pre-COVID-19 pandemic seasons, very few RSV detections were reported during the 2020/21 season in all surveillance systems. During the 2021 inter-season, a gradual increase in detections was observed in all systems. In 2021/22, all systems saw early peaks of RSV infection, and during the 2022 inter-seasonal period, patterns of detections were closer to those seen before the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: RSV surveillance continued throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, with an initial reduction in transmission, followed by very high and out-of-season RSV circulation (summer 2021) and then an early start of the 2021/22 season. As of the 2022/23 season, RSV circulation had not yet normalised.Peer reviewe

Assessment of noise mitigation measures in urban environments

U ovom je radu na realnom primjeru urbane gradske cestovne prometnice prikazana ocjena učinkovitosti različitih mjera za smanjenja razina buke od cestovnog prometa. Za proračun razina buke odabrana je Masarykova ulica u gradu Zagrebu. Mjere koje su razmatrane su: prenamjena dijela ili cijele ulice u pješačku zonu, omogućavanje slobodnog prometnog toka noću, preusmjeravanje određenog postotka prometa u sporedne ulice te uvođenje zone „30 km/h“ – zajedničko korištenje kolnika za bicikliste i motorna vozila s ograničenjem brzine motornih vozila na 30 km/h. Proračun razina buke proveden je specijaliziranim računalnim programom LimA. Rezultati proračuna za određenu mjeru uspoređivani su s postojećim stanjem bučnosti. Kao najučinkovitija mjera za smanjenje razina buke pokazala se mjera prenamjene ulice u pješačku zonu. Mjera preusmjeravanja prometa pokazala je pozitivne rezultate smanjenja razina buke. Mjere omogućavanja slobodnog prometnog toka noću i uvođenje zone „30 km/h“ nisu pokazale pozitivne rezultate smanjenja razina buke od cestovnog prometa.Assessment of noise mitigation measures in urban environments on example of urban agglomeration road is presented in this paper. Different measures are tested in Masarykova street in Zagreb. Tests are made by specialized software LimA. Tested measures are: turning street into pedestrian zone, free flow speed in night periods, traffic diversion from main road, and combined usage of pavement by cyclists and motor vehicles with maximum speed 30 km/h. The results are compared with egzisting noise levels. Two measures which showed positive results in mitigation of noise levels are turning street into pedestrian zone and traffic diversion from main road. Measures of free flow speed in night periods and combined usage of pavement by cyclists and motor vehicles aren't contributed to noise mitigation

Povijest fizioterapije - razvoj fizioterapijske profesije

U ovom radu autor će kroz prikaz razvoj fizioterapije prikazati promjene u fizioterapijskom sustavu te pružiti povijesni pregled istog. Prvi dio rada odnosi se na općenite pojmove i načela vezana za fizioterapiju kao oblika zdravstvene djelatnosti. U drugom dijelu prikazan je povijesni pregled te promjene koje su se događale po pitanju fizioterapijskog sustava, kako u Europi, tako i na tlu Republike Hrvatske. Dio rada obuhvaća i suvremene metode i značajne fizioterapije te prednosti i nedostatke. Poseban dio rada proučava sportsku fizioterapiju kao sve zastupljeniji oblik iste te ističe važnost fizioterapije u zdravstvu, sportu, pa i samoj prevenciji kod građana

Povijest fizioterapije - razvoj fizioterapijske profesije

U ovom radu autor će kroz prikaz razvoj fizioterapije prikazati promjene u fizioterapijskom sustavu te pružiti povijesni pregled istog. Prvi dio rada odnosi se na općenite pojmove i načela vezana za fizioterapiju kao oblika zdravstvene djelatnosti. U drugom dijelu prikazan je povijesni pregled te promjene koje su se događale po pitanju fizioterapijskog sustava, kako u Europi, tako i na tlu Republike Hrvatske. Dio rada obuhvaća i suvremene metode i značajne fizioterapije te prednosti i nedostatke. Poseban dio rada proučava sportsku fizioterapiju kao sve zastupljeniji oblik iste te ističe važnost fizioterapije u zdravstvu, sportu, pa i samoj prevenciji kod građana

Assessment of noise mitigation measures in urban environments

U ovom je radu na realnom primjeru urbane gradske cestovne prometnice prikazana ocjena učinkovitosti različitih mjera za smanjenja razina buke od cestovnog prometa. Za proračun razina buke odabrana je Masarykova ulica u gradu Zagrebu. Mjere koje su razmatrane su: prenamjena dijela ili cijele ulice u pješačku zonu, omogućavanje slobodnog prometnog toka noću, preusmjeravanje određenog postotka prometa u sporedne ulice te uvođenje zone „30 km/h“ – zajedničko korištenje kolnika za bicikliste i motorna vozila s ograničenjem brzine motornih vozila na 30 km/h. Proračun razina buke proveden je specijaliziranim računalnim programom LimA. Rezultati proračuna za određenu mjeru uspoređivani su s postojećim stanjem bučnosti. Kao najučinkovitija mjera za smanjenje razina buke pokazala se mjera prenamjene ulice u pješačku zonu. Mjera preusmjeravanja prometa pokazala je pozitivne rezultate smanjenja razina buke. Mjere omogućavanja slobodnog prometnog toka noću i uvođenje zone „30 km/h“ nisu pokazale pozitivne rezultate smanjenja razina buke od cestovnog prometa.Assessment of noise mitigation measures in urban environments on example of urban agglomeration road is presented in this paper. Different measures are tested in Masarykova street in Zagreb. Tests are made by specialized software LimA. Tested measures are: turning street into pedestrian zone, free flow speed in night periods, traffic diversion from main road, and combined usage of pavement by cyclists and motor vehicles with maximum speed 30 km/h. The results are compared with egzisting noise levels. Two measures which showed positive results in mitigation of noise levels are turning street into pedestrian zone and traffic diversion from main road. Measures of free flow speed in night periods and combined usage of pavement by cyclists and motor vehicles aren't contributed to noise mitigation