Hyperbolic 5-manifolds that fiber over S^1

We exhibit some finite-volume cusped hyperbolic 5-manifolds that fiber over the circle. These include the smallest hyperbolic 5-manifold known, discovered by Ratcliffe and Tschantz. As a consequence, we build a finite type subgroup of a hyperbolic group that is not hyperbolic

Hyperbolic manifolds that fibre algebraically up to dimension 8

We construct some cusped finite-volume hyperbolic n-manifolds M-n that fibre algebraically in all the dimensions 5 <= n <= 8. That is, there is a surjective homomorphism pi(1)(M-n) -> Z with finitely generated kernel. The kernel is also finitely presented in the dimensions n = 7,8, and this leads to the first examples of hyperbolic n-manifolds (M) over tilde (n) whose fundamental group is finitely presented but not of finite type. These n-manifolds (M) over tilde (n) have infinitely many cusps of maximal rank and, hence, infinite Betti number b(n-1). They cover the finite-volume manifold M-n. We obtain these examples by assigning some appropriate colours and states to a family of right-angled hyperbolic polytopes P-5, ..., P-8, and then applying some arguments of Jankiewicz, Norin and Wise [18] and Bestvina and Brady [7]. We exploit in an essential way the remarkable properties of the Cosset polytopes dual to P-n, and the algebra of integral octonions for the crucial dimensions n = 7,8

Hyperbolic manifolds that fiber algebraically up to dimension 8

We construct some cusped finite-volume hyperbolic $n$-manifolds $M_n$ that fiber algebraically in all the dimensions $5\leq n \leq 8$. That is, there is a surjective homomorphism $\pi_1(M_n) \to \mathbb Z$ with finitely generated kernel. The kernel is also finitely presented in the dimensions $n=7, 8$, and this leads to the first examples of hyperbolic $n$-manifolds $\widetilde M_n$ whose fundamental group is finitely presented but not of finite type. These $n$-manifolds $\widetilde M_n$ have infinitely many cusps of maximal rank and hence infinite Betti number $b_{n-1}$. They cover the finite-volume manifold $M_n$. We obtain these examples by assigning some appropriate colours and states to a family of right-angled hyperbolic polytopes $P_5, \ldots, P_8$, and then applying some arguments of Jankiewicz, Norin, Wise and Bestvina, Brady. We exploit in an essential way the remarkable properties of the Gosset polytopes dual to $P_n$, and the algebra of integral octonions for the crucial dimensions $n=7,8$.Comment: 40 pages, 21 figure

Investigation on microbiology of olive oil extraction process

Several batches of approx. 200 kg olives from Frantoio and Moraiolo cultivars were processed in an oil mill at two dates of harvesting. Samples were collected in several steps of extraction process for sensory, chemical and microbial analyses.All extracted olive oil from the second olive harvesting date was affected by sensory defects and hence classified as being “non-extra virgin”. A distinction between extra virgin olive oil and nonextra virgin olive oil obtained from both harvesting dates was explained by the volatile compounds content of olive oil samples and by yeast and mould counts collected at different processing steps

Obesity can influence children’s and adolescents’ airway hyperresponsiveness differently

BACKGROUND: Literature is still arguing about a possible relationship between airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and body mass index (BMI). This study aimed at evaluating the influence of BMI on AHR and pulmonary function in children and adolescents that performed a methacholine test for suggestive asthma symptoms. METHODS: 799 consecutive children/adolescents (535 M; mean age: 15 ± 3 yrs; median FEV(1)% predicted: 101.94% [93.46-111.95] and FEV(1)/FVC predicted: 91.07 [86.17-95.38]), were considered and divided into underweight, normal, overweight and obese. Different AHR levels were considered as moderate/severe (PD(20) ≤ 400 μg) and borderline (PD(20) > 400 μg). RESULTS: 536 children/adolescents resulted hyperreactive with a median PD(20) of 366 μg [IQR:168–1010.5]; 317 patients were affected by moderate/severe AHR, whereas 219 showed borderline hyperresponsiveness. Obese subjects aged > 13 years showed a lower (p = 0.026) median PD(20) (187μg [IQR:110–519]) compared to overweight (377 μg [IQR:204–774]) and normal-weight individuals’ values (370.5 μg [IQR:189–877]). On the contrary, median PD(20) observed in obese children aged ≤ 13 years (761 μg [IQR:731–1212]) was higher (p = 0.052) compared to normal-weight children’s PD20 (193 μg [IQR:81–542]) and to obese adolescents’ values (aged > 13 years) (p = 0.019). Obesity was a significant AHR risk factor (OR:2.853[1.037-7.855]; p = 0.042) in moderate/severe AHR adolescents. Females showed a higher AHR risk (OR:1.696[1.046-2.751] p = 0.032) compared to males. A significant relationship was found between BMI and functional parameters (FEV(1), FVC, FEV(1)/FVC) only in hyperreactive females. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity seems to influence AHR negatively in female but not in male adolescents and children. In fact, AHR is higher in obese teenagers, in particular in those with moderate/severe hyperresponsiveness, and may be mediated by obesity-associated changes in baseline lung function

GQ-16, a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR ) ligand, promotes insulin sensitization without weight gain

ABSTRACTBackground: PPAR agonists improve insulin sensitivity but also evoke weight gain. Results: GQ-16 is a PPAR partial agonist that blocks receptor phosphorylation by Cdk5 and improves insulin sensitivity in diabetic mice in the absence of weight gain. Conclusion: The unique binding mode of GQ-16 appears to be responsible for the compound’s advantageous pharmacological profile. Significance: Similar compounds could have promise as anti-diabetic therapeutics

Ejecta Evolution Following a Planned Impact into an Asteroid: The First Five Weeks

The impact of the DART spacecraft into Dimorphos, moon of the asteroid Didymos, changed Dimorphos' orbit substantially, largely from the ejection of material. We present results from twelve Earth-based facilities involved in a world-wide campaign to monitor the brightness and morphology of the ejecta in the first 35 days after impact. After an initial brightening of ~1.4 magnitudes, we find consistent dimming rates of 0.11-0.12 magnitudes/day in the first week, and 0.08-0.09 magnitudes/day over the entire study period. The system returned to its pre-impact brightness 24.3-25.3 days after impact through the primary ejecta tail remained. The dimming paused briefly eight days after impact, near in time to the appearance of the second tail. This was likely due to a secondary release of material after re-impact of a boulder released in the initial impact, through movement of the primary ejecta through the aperture likely played a role.Comment: 16 pages, 5 Figures, accepted in the Astrophysical Journal Letters (ApJL) on October 16, 202

Rationale and design of an independent randomised controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of aripiprazole or haloperidol in combination with clozapine for treatment-resistant schizophrenia

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>One third to two thirds of people with schizophrenia have persistent psychotic symptoms despite clozapine treatment. Under real-world circumstances, the need to provide effective therapeutic interventions to patients who do not have an optimal response to clozapine has been cited as the most common reason for simultaneously prescribing a second antipsychotic drug in combination treatment strategies. In a clinical area where the pressing need of providing therapeutic answers has progressively increased the occurrence of antipsychotic polypharmacy, despite the lack of robust evidence of its efficacy, we sought to implement a pre-planned protocol where two alternative therapeutic answers are systematically provided and evaluated within the context of a pragmatic, multicentre, independent randomised study.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>The principal clinical question to be answered by the present project is the relative efficacy and tolerability of combination treatment with clozapine plus aripiprazole compared with combination treatment with clozapine plus haloperidol in patients with an incomplete response to treatment with clozapine over an appropriate period of time. This project is a prospective, multicentre, randomized, parallel-group, superiority trial that follow patients over a period of 12 months. Withdrawal from allocated treatment within 3 months is the primary outcome.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>The implementation of the protocol presented here shows that it is possible to create a network of community psychiatric services that accept the idea of using their everyday clinical practice to produce randomised knowledge. The employed pragmatic attitude allowed to randomly allocate more than 100 individuals, which means that this study is the largest antipsychotic combination trial conducted so far in Western countries. We expect that the current project, by generating evidence on whether it is clinically useful to combine clozapine with aripiprazole rather than with haloperidol, provides physicians with a solid evidence base to be directly applied in the routine care of patients with schizophrenia.</p> <p>Trial Registration</p> <p><b>Clincaltrials.gov Identifier</b>: NCT00395915</p