Mothering, substance use disorders and intergenerational trauma transmission : an attachment-based perspective

Background: A growing body of research underlines that interpersonal trauma in childhood leads to heightened susceptibility for substance use disorders (SUDs) in later life. Little research has been conducted on parenting experiences of mothers in recovery from substance use, taking into account their own upbringing as a child and the potential aftermath of interpersonal childhood trauma. Methods: Through in-depth qualitative interviews, 23 mothers with SUDs reflected on parenting experiences and parent-child bonding, related to both their children and parents. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and data were analyzed adopting thematic analysis. Results: Throughout the narratives, consequences of trauma on mothers' sense of self and its subsequent impact on parenting arose as salient themes. Five latent mechanisms of intergenerational trauma transmission were identified: 1) early interpersonal childhood trauma experiences in mothers; 2) trauma as a precursor of substance use; 3) substance use as a (self-fooling) enabler of parental functioning; 4) continued substance use impacting parental functioning; and 5) dysfunctional parental functioning and its relational impact upon offspring. Discussion: Findings suggest disruptive attachment can increase the vulnerability for SUDs on the one hand, but can be an expression of underlying trauma on the other, hence serving as a covert mechanism by which trauma can be transmitted across generations. Results indicate the need for preventive, attachment-based and trauma-sensitive interventions targeted at disruptive intergenerational patterns

Inner Ideals of Real Simple Lie Algebras

A classification up to automorphism of the inner ideals of the real finite-dimensional simple Lie algebras is given, jointly with precise descriptions in the case of the exceptional Lie algebras.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBU

Peace dividends: status of the issue

Los llamamientos por la reducción de los gastos militares han estado presentes en todas las expresiones del pensamiento pacifista a lo largo de la historia. Bajo el concepto de dividendos de la paz, el desarme ha tenido una extensa historia de debates y propuestas, en particular en las esferas pacifistas desde la disciplina económica; centrándose en la idea de coste de oportunidad de los gastos militares y en cómo la reducción de los presupuestos de defensa pueden constituir una gran oportunidad para conseguir recursos para destinar a políticas sociales. En este trabajo hacemos un estado de la cuestión de los dividendos de la paz. Se trata en primer lugar cómo el concepto, que surgió en el contexto de la Guerra Fría, resultó ser una oportunidad desaprovechada para la paz. En segundo lugar se detalla cómo la idea de la reducción de los gastos militares es una característica central en los pacifismos.Historically, calls for reducing military expenditures were present in all expressions of pacifist thought. Under the peace dividends concept, disarmament has had a long history of debates and proposals, particularly in the pacifist economic spheres, which focused on the idea of opportunity cost of military spending and how reducing defense budgets can be a great opportunity to get resources to allocate to social policies. In this paper we review the status of the issue of peace dividends, explaining on the one hand how the concept that arose in the context of the Cold War turned out to be a missed opportunity for peace; and on the other hand detailing how the idea of reducing military spending is a central idea in pacifisms

Resolución de conflictos y estrategias para la paz

24 páginas.Capítulo incluido en el libro: Estudios contemporáneos sobre geopolítica, conflictos armados y cooperación internacional. Libia Arenal Lora (Dirección) ; Francisco Antonio Domínguez Díaz (Edición). Sevilla: Universidad Internacional de Andalucía, 2020. ISBN 978-84-7993-360-9. Enlace: http://hdl.handle.net/10334/5599

Politics of Aedification, Sensation and Ruination at the Brussels Wiertz Museum

This paper seeks to explain why party candidates and their party leadership have congruent policy positions or not. Despite its importance as a way through which parties are able to behave as a unitary actor, this congruence has never been studied as a dependent variable. We seek to fill this void in the literature. Our results suggest that leadership-candidate congruence comes about through two mechanisms: selection and learning. With selection, the party leadership aims to get those candidates elected whose policy preferences are congruent with the party line. Learning occurs through the process of socialization in which candidates assume the views of the party they work and candidate for as their own under. This happens under the pressure of cognitive dissonance. If a candidate learns about the position of the leadership and notices that they are incongruent, they may feel discomfort and change their opinion to be congruent with the party

Reflexiones sobre las violencias : ¿contribuye el gasto militar a que haya violencia armada?

Treball Final de Màster Universitari Internacional en Estudis de Pau, Conflictes i Desenvolupament. Codi: SAA074. Curs: 2014/2015Los gastos militares mundiales ascendieron a 1,8 billones de dólares en 2014, mientras el año 2015 acaba con el incumplimiento de muchos de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio y con treinta y seis conflictos armados activos en el mundo. En el análisis de esta tesis pretendemos dar respuesta a una hipótesis principal sobre si el gasto militar contribuye a la violencia armada. Encontraremos una posible respuesta en el funcionamiento del llamado ciclo económico militar, cuya inercia se puede identificar como responsable de la facilidad con la que se apuesta por la violencia armada para hacer frente a las amenazas a la seguridad

Non-cellulosic polysaccharides from cotton fibre are differently impacted by textile processing.

Cotton fibre is mainly composed of cellulose, although non-cellulosic polysaccharides play key roles during fibre development and are still present in the harvested fibre. This study aimed at determining the fate of non-cellulosic polysaccharides during cotton textile processing. We analyzed non-cellulosic cotton fibre polysaccharides during different steps of cotton textile processing using GC-MS, HPLC and comprehensive microarray polymer profiling to obtain monosaccharide and polysaccharide amounts and linkage compositions. Additionally, in situ detection was used to obtain information on polysaccharide localization and accessibility. We show that pectic and hemicellulosic polysaccharide levels decrease during cotton textile processing and that some processing steps have more impact than others. Pectins and arabinose-containing polysaccharides are strongly impacted by the chemical treatments, with most being removed during bleaching and scouring. However, some forms of pectin are more resistant than others. Xylan and xyloglucan are affected in later processing steps and to a lesser extent, whereas callose showed a strong resistance to the chemical processing steps. This study shows that non-cellulosic polysaccharides are differently impacted by the treatments used in cotton textile processing with some hemicelluloses and callose being resistant to these harsh treatments