Effects of Interdisciplinery Nutrition Education on Prospective Science Teachers’ Development of Healthy Life Style Behaviours

With the interdisciplinary approach which is developed as an alternative to the traditional disciplinary model in education, it is aimed that the students will have a holistic perspective while producing solutions to real life problems. In this study, the effects of nutrition education given with interdisciplinary approach on health development behaviors of prospective teachers were investigated. The research has an experimental research model, which is one of the quantitative research designs. The sample of the study is consisting of 60 prospective teachers studying in the science teaching department of a state university in Istanbul in the 2016-2017 education year. In this study, in addition to demographic information form that has been applied, the Healthy Life Style Behavior Scale II (HLSBS-II) was also applied to the experimental and control group students in order to determine healthy life style behaviors of students. SPSS 23 package program was used to perform statistical analysis of the gathered data. When the post-test data were analyzed, it was seen that there were significant differences between four sub-dimensions (physical activity, nutrition, inner development and stress management) and overall scores of the two groups (p<.05). When the research results are examined, it appears that interdisciplinary nutrition education has a positive effect on students' healthy life style behaviors. The information obtained in the research was discussed and recommendations were made accordingly

The Effect of Fire Training Given with Virtual Reality Applications on Individual Awareness

The use of virtual reality applications, which entered our lives with the concept of Industry 4.0, in training contributed to increasing the security awareness of individuals and indirectly to developing security culture studies. Obviously, the maximum efficiency that can be obtained in Occupational Health and Safety studies will occur due to behavioural changes in employees. For this reason, it should be ensured that the safety perceptions of the employees are kept at the highest level with appropriate and continuous training. In recent Occupational Health and Safety studies, the importance of developing technology has caused these studies to evolve in a different direction. The study's main purpose in this context is to evaluate whether the fire training given with virtual reality applications contributes to the development of fire safety skills and raising awareness in individuals. This study aims to reveal the teaching of basic fire safety skills to vocational and technical students and academicians at universities, their fire preparedness and their common behaviour in fire situations by using fire extinguishing systems through virtual reality and fire simulation. In the study, 47 questions including one group pre-test post-test, 31 prepared for the scale and 6 interview questions, one of the experimental methods consisting of 10 multiple-choice questions, the scale and face-to-face interviews were conducted. Participants were able to moderately to completely control events in terms of heredity, adaptation/containment, and sensory attachment; In terms of interface quality, it has been determined that they can control events between none and moderate. There is no significant difference between the presence levels and sub-dimensions of the participants in terms of age factor. It can be said that the training with virtual reality is effective in improving the success of the participants in fire training. After the study, it was determined that 38 out of 40 participants increased their success in fire protection subjects. It will be ensured that the fire training given in Turkey will be given more efficiently and effectively by using technological infrastructures. With the feedback received from this study, the existing virtual reality application improvement and virtual reality applications that are planned to be developed will be studied

The Relationship between Prospective Teachers’ Nutritional Literacy and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors

In this research, it is aimed to investigate the relationship between nutritional literacy and healthy lifestyle behaviors of prospective teachers according to various variables. Correlational survey model of the quantitative research methods is used in this survey. A moderate positive relationship was found between prospective teachers’ nutritional literacy and healthy lifestyle behaviors. Based on the positive relationship between nutritional literacy and healthy lifestyle behaviors, it is recommended that nutritional literacy level be associated with healthy lifestyle by giving nutrition education at all school levels and undergraduate education in order to increase the level of healthy lifestyle behaviors in individuals

Impacts of Reclaimed Water Irrigation on Heavy Metal Distribution in Soil Properties and Crop

Water Resources Planning and Managemen

Tek taraflı cerrahi destekli hızlı üst çene genişletmesi

İskeletsel tek taraflı posterior çapraz kapanış özellikle yetişkinlerde tedavisi zor bir anomalidir. Genç bireylerde bu problemin çözümünde kolaylıkla uygulanan hızlı maksiler genişletme, yetişkinlerde maksillanın çevre yüz kemikleriyle yaptığı artikülasyonların rijiditesindeki artma nedeniyle maksillada yapılan kortikotomiler yardımıyla uygulanmaktadır. Bu yolla yapılan çift taraflı genişletme darlık olmayan tarafta da genişlemeye sebep olmakta, bu da tedavi süresini uzatmaktadır. Bu olgu sunumunda 16 yaşında, tek taraflı posterior çapraz kapanışı olan bayan hastada, tek taraflı kortikotomi ve hızlı üst çene genişletmesini takiben yapılan ortodontik tedavi sunulmuştur. Ekspansiyon sonrası darlık olmayan tarafta aşırı bir genişlemeye sebep olmadan, iyi bir okluzyon ve estetik bir gülümseme elde edilmiştir

Kilroy spring kullanılarak gömülü üst kanin sürdürülmesi

Gömülü üst kanin dişlerin ortodontik olarak sürdürülmesi, birçok ortodontist tarafından zor bir tedavi olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Gömülü dişlerin sürdürülmesi sırasında komşu dişlerde meydana gelebilecek kök rezorbsiyonları, rutin tedavi teknikleri dışında farklı mekaniklere ihtiyaç duyulması, ankraj gereksinimlerinin fazla ve farklı olması gibi nedenler tedavinin güçlüğüne sebep olarak sayılabilir. Bu çalışmada, Kilroy spring isimli gömülü kaninlerin sürdürülmesi amacıyla dizayn edilmiş, devamlı kuvvet uygulayan ve tüm üst dişlerden ankraj alan bir aparey kullanılarak tedavi edilen 2 vaka sunulmaktadır

End-group ionisation enables the use of poly(N-(2-methacryloyloxy)ethyl pyrrolidone) as an electrosteric stabiliser block for polymerisation-induced self-assembly in aqueous media

A series of near-monodisperse poly(N-2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl pyrrolidone) (PNMEP) homopolymers was prepared via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) solution polymerisation of NMEP in ethanol at 70 °C using a carboxylic acid-functional RAFT agent. The mean degree of polymerisation (DP) was varied from 19 to 89 and acid titration indicated end-group pK a values of 5.07-5.44. Turbidimetry studies indicated that homopolymer cloud points were significantly higher at pH 7 (anionic carboxylate) than at pH 3 (neutral carboxylic acid). Moreover, this enhanced hydrophilic character enabled PNMEP to be used as a steric stabiliser for aqueous polymerisation-induced self-assembly (PISA) syntheses. Thus, a PNMEP 42 precursor was chain-extended via RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerisation of 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) at 44 °C. A series of PNMEP 42 -PHPMA x diblock copolymers were synthesised using this protocol, with target PHPMA DPs of 150 to 400. High conversions were achieved and a linear evolution in M n with increasing PHPMA DP was observed. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies confirmed a spherical morphology in all cases. The nanoparticles flocculated either below pH 4.5 (owing to protonation) or on addition of 60 mM KCl (as a result of charge screening). Thus the anionic end-groups on the PNMEP stabiliser chains make an important contribution to the overall colloidal stability. Similarly, a PNMEP 53 macro-CTA was chain-extended via RAFT aqueous emulsion polymerisation of 2-ethoxyethyl methacrylate (EEMA) at 44 °C. Again, a neutral solution pH was critical for the synthesis of colloidally stable nanoparticles. High conversions were achieved as the target PEEMA DP was varied between 100 and 600 and a linear evolution in molecular weight with PEEMA DP was confirmed by chloroform GPC studies. DLS experiments indicated a monotonic increase in nanoparticle diameter with PEEMA DP and TEM studies confirmed a spherical morphology in each case. In summary, PNMEP can be used as a water-soluble steric stabiliser for aqueous PISA syntheses provided that it contains an anionic carboxylate end-group to enhance its hydrophilic character

Industrially-relevant polymerization-induced self-assembly formulations in non-polar solvents: RAFT dispersion polymerization of benzyl methacrylate

Industrially-sourced mineral oil and a poly(α-olefin) are used as solvents for the reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) dispersion polymerization of benzyl methacrylate (BzMA) using a poly(lauryl methacrylate) macromolecular chain transfer agent (PLMA macro-CTA) at 90 °C. The insolubility of the growing PBzMA chains under such conditions leads to polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA), whereby poly(lauryl methacrylate)-poly(benzyl methacrylate) (PLMA-PBzMA) diblock copolymer spheres, worms or vesicles are produced directly as concentrated dispersions. The particular diblock copolymer composition required to access each individual morphology depends on the nature of the oil. Moreover, the solvent type also affects important properties of the physical free-standing gels that are formed by the PLMA-PBzMA worm dispersions, including the storage modulus (G′), critical gelation temperature (CGT) and critical gelation concentration (CGC). Spherical PLMA-PBzMA diblock copolymer nanoparticles can be prepared at up to 50% w/w solids and an efficient ‘one-pot’ protocol involving solution polymerization of LMA followed immediately by dispersion polymerization of BzMA has been developed. The latter formulation enables high BzMA conversions to be achieved, with spherical nanoparticles being produced at 30% w/w solids

In situ SAXS studies of a prototypical RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization formulation: monitoring the evolution in copolymer morphology during polymerization-induced self-assembly

Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is used to characterize the in situ formation of diblock copolymer spheres, worms and vesicles during reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) aqueous dispersion polymerization of 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate at 70 °C using a poly(glycerol monomethacrylate) steric stabilizer. 1H NMR spectroscopy indicates more than 99% HPMA conversion within 80 min, while transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering studies are consistent with the final morphology being pure vesicles. Analysis of time-resolved SAXS patterns for this prototypical polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) formulation enables the evolution in copolymer morphology, particle diameter, mean aggregation number, solvent volume fraction, surface density of copolymer chains and their mean inter-chain separation distance at the nanoparticle surface to be monitored. Furthermore, the change in vesicle diameter and membrane thickness during the final stages of polymerization supports an ‘inward growth’ mechanism

Epoxy-functional sterically stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles via RAFT aqueous emulsion polymerization: Comparison of two synthetic strategies

Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is a powerful and versatile technique for the synthesis of a wide range of sterically stabilized diblock copolymer nano-objects. Recently, PISA has been used to prepare epoxy-functional diblock copolymer worms and spheres directly in aqueous solution by incorporating glycidyl methacrylate (GlyMA) into the core-forming hydrophobic block. Herein, the synthesis of diblock copolymer spheres via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) aqueous emulsion polymerization of benzyl methacrylate is examined, in which the epoxy groups are exclusively located within a non-ionic poly(glycerol monomethacrylate)-based stabilizer block. Two synthetic strategies are explored: i) using an epoxy-functional RAFT chain transfer agent (CTA) to place an epoxy group at the terminus of every stabilizer block and ii) incorporation of ≈1 epoxy group per stabilizer chain via copolymerization of GlyMA with glycerol monomethacrylate (GMA). The epoxy groups conferred by the GlyMA comonomer are significantly more resistant to hydrolysis than those introduced using the epoxy-functional RAFT CTA. The epoxy-functional nanoparticles are subsequently reacted with various water-soluble thiols to modify their electrophoretic behavior. Such nanoparticles are expected to offer potential applications in the context of mucoadhesion