Ex-Convicts Face Multiple Labor Market Punishments: Estimates of Peer-Group and Stigma Effects Using Equations of Returns to Schooling

We produced a data set from a survey of a population of convicts in probation. We combined this new data set with an official data set from the Brazilian government to study labor market discrimination faced by ex-convicts. We were interested in estimating two potential effects of discrimination, statistical (stigma) and behavioral (peer-group) effects. Our econometric results suggest that stigmatization leads to a 39% reduction in the wage earned by ex-convicts relative to the wage earned by non-convicts. They also suggest that the peer-group effect accounts for a reduction in the relative earnings of ex-convicts of 1.1% per year of study. In addition, we also show that ex-convicts earn 3.1% less per year of experience than non-convicts.Stigma Effect, Peer Effect, Crime Rate, Returns to Schooling, Wage Discrimination

A articulação matrizes e transformações lineares em algebra linear

Apresentamos nesse artigo o estudo das relações institucionais esperadas e existentes para o ensino e aprendizagem da noção de matrizes, suas operações e propriedades no Ensino Médio e de matrizes e transformações lineares no Ensino Superior. Observamos que o objetivo de nossa pesquisa é identificar os conhecimentos prévios necessários para trabalhar a articulação entre as noções de matrizes e transformações lineares nos cursos de licenciatura em matemática. Para desenvolver as análises propostas na metodologia da nossa pesquisa construímos uma grade de análse utilizando as ferramentas teóricas de análise apresentadas na teoria antropológica do didático de Chevallard (1992) e Bosch e Chevallard (1999) e nas abordagens teóricas em termos de quadros e mudanças de quadros de Douady (1984, 1992) e níveis de conhecimento esperados dos estudantes de Robert(1997). Os resultados encontrados mostram que é preciso considerar os conhecimentos prévios dos estudantes que iniciam o Ensino Superior para desenvolver o conteúdo escolhido de forma eficaz

Destinação de resíduos sólidos urbanos: estratégias para a modernização em cidades médias no oeste paranaense

Durante o século XX, o manejo de resíduos sólidos no Brasil foi caracterizado por problemas na oferta e eficiência dos serviços públicos e pelos vazadouros a céu aberto como sítio de destinação final. Nesta pesquisa, o objetivo é de analisar as estratégias de poderes públicos locais para modernizar o manejo dos resíduos sólidos, subvertendo esses problemas. Para isto, desenvolveu-se um estudo em cidades médias do Oeste Paranaense (Cascavel, Foz do Iguaçu e Toledo), considerando-se as etapas de gestão dos resíduos e os atores públicos e privados envolvidos. Os municípios demonstraram eficiência na coleta do lixo, a instalação de aterros sanitários equipados e licenciados e a articulação com atores privados. Resta, contudo, como desafio o desperdício de materiais nos aterros

Heuristic Optimization of Deep and Shallow Classifiers: An Application for Electroencephalogram Cyclic Alternating Pattern Detection

Methodologies for automatic non-rapid eye movement and cyclic alternating pattern analysis were proposed to examine the signal from one electroencephalogram monopolar derivation for the A phase, cyclic alternating pattern cycles, and cyclic alternating pattern rate assessments. A population composed of subjects free of neurological disorders and subjects diagnosed with sleep-disordered breathing was studied. Parallel classifications were performed for non-rapid eye movement and A phase estimations, examining a one-dimension convolutional neural network (fed with the electroencephalogram signal), a long short-term memory (fed with the electroencephalogram signal or with proposed features), and a feed-forward neural network (fed with proposed features), along with a finite state machine for the cyclic alternating pattern cycle scoring. Two hyper-parameter tuning algorithms were developed to optimize the classifiers. The model with long short-term memory fed with proposed features was found to be the best, with accuracy and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 83% and 0.88, respectively, for the A phase classification, while for the non-rapid eye movement estimation, the results were 88% and 0.95, respectively. The cyclic alternating pattern cycle classification accuracy was 79% for the same model, while the cyclic alternating pattern rate percentage error was 22%.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Memória institucional por meio da organização documental de fotografias

This paper resulted from a survey with the theme image and word articulating with institutional memory, which requires a reflection on the elements of the information organization. We conducted an exploratory research, document procedure, with literature review covering the theoretical and conceptual dimensions of the Information and Knowledge Organization and Memory. Therefore, the aim was to propose organizing strategies of digital photographic collection of the Academic Center of Vitória de Santo Antão (CAV) of the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), with the aim of rebuilding institutional memory. From a methodological point of view, regarding the meeting of the photographic images, we worked with photographic collection made in 2010-2014 period. The photographs were described using the MARC 21 fields by including narratives to each photo also guided categories were created in Documentary Analysis and was used DSpace for storage of records. It was concluded that the narrative opens several possibilities in the documentary organization aiming to make memorial, which is required certain flexibility in information systems to understand the interpretative processes.Este artigo resultou de uma pesquisa cujo tema foi imagem e palavra articulando-se à memória institucional, que impõe uma reflexão sobre os elementos que constituem a organização da informação. Realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória, de procedimento documental, com revisão de literatura abrangendo as dimensões teórico-conceituais da Organização da Informação e do Conhecimento e da Memória. Por isso, objetivou-se propor estratégias de organização do acervo fotográfico digital do Centro Acadêmico de Vitória de Santo Antão (CAV) da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), com o intuito de reconstrução da memória institucional. Do ponto de vista metodológico, no que tange a reunião das imagens fotográficas, trabalhou-se com acervo fotográfico constituído no período de 2010-2014. As fotografias foram descritas utilizando-se de campos do MARC 21, acrescentando-se narrativas a cada fotografia, além disso, criaram-se categorias pautadas na Análise Documental e, por fim, foi utilizado o DSpace para o armazenamento dos registros. Concluiu-se que a narrativa abre diversas possibilidades na organização documental visando o fazer memorial, e que é necessária certa flexibilização nos sistemas de informação para compreender os processos interpretativos

Comparative physical and mechanical properties of a 3D printed temporary crown and bridge restorative material

The objective was to compare physic-mechanical properties of different materials used for temporary restorations.Protemp 4/bisacrylic resin, Jet/acrylic resin, and Nexdent C&B/3D-printed resin samples (10mm diameter x 2mm thickness) were analyzed for surface roughness and color stability tests (baseline, after 5 thousand brushing cycles; and after artificial aging in water at 60oC for 24 hours) and Knoop microhardness. All data were checked for normality using Shapiro-Wilk test. Surface roughness and color stability were analyzed using two-way repeated measurements ANOVA, microhardness data was subjected to one-way ANOVA. All tests were followed by Tukey test and were performed with α=0.05.For roughness, material (p=.002), time points (p=.002) and interaction between both (p<.001) were significant. All groups presented similar roughness for measurements of baseline and after brushing. After artificial aging, 3D printed resin showed decreased roughness when compared with other resins, and with its baseline reading. Acrylic resin showed an increase in surface roughness (when compared with measurement after brushing cycles). Considering color stability, only the material (p=.039) and the time (p<0.001) were significant. All groups showed similar color variation before and after artificial aging. There was an increase in color alteration after artificial aging for all groups. Considering microhardness test (p<.001), the 3D printed resin showed the highest values and acrylic resin the lowest. Bysacylic resin was similar to both 3D printed and acrylic resins.The tested 3D printed resins present similar or better properties than other tested temporary materials while being integrated with the digital workflow

Uma Análise das Relações entre Suporte Organizacional e Comprometimento Duplo de Empregados no Modelo Outsourcing

Neste estudo, busca-se explorar o fenômeno de relações de trabalho envolvendo distintas organizações como o ocorrido em processos de Outsourcing que tem trazido maior complexidade aos vínculos afetivos entre trabalhadores e organizações para melhor compreender a influência do porte da empresa empregadora na relação entre o Suporte Organizacional Percebido (SOP) oferecido por ambas as organizações e os respectivo Comprometimento Afetivo (CA) obtido por elas. Identificou-se nesta pesquisa uma relação positiva entre os constructos Suporte Organizacional Percebido (SOP) e Comprometimento Afetivo (CA). Adicionalmente, o Faturamento da empresa contratada moderou a relação entre estes dois constructos. O estudo apresenta algumas limitações. O modelo não considerou, por exemplo, a localidade do posto de trabalho no qual os empregados estão alocados (se nas dependências da contratante, da contratada ou em algum local diferente)

Shrinkage stress and elastic modulus assessment of bulk-fill composites

Bulk-fill composites were introduced in dentistry to accelerate clinical procedures while providing adequate outcomes. Concerns regarding the use of bigger composite increments rely on the polymerization shrinkage and shrinkage stress, which may generate gaps on the adhesive interface and result in a reduced success rate. Objective: To evaluate the polymerization shrinkage stress of different bulk-fill resin composites and their elastic modulus. Materials and Methods: Fourteen specimens were made for each of the nine different resin composites (seven with 12 mm3 and seven with 24 mm3): Surefill SDR flow (SDR), X-tra Base (XB), Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable (FBF), Filtek Z350XT Flow (Z3F); Tetric Evo Ceram Bulk Fill (TBF), X-tra Fil (XF), Filtek Bulk Fill (FBP), Admira Xtra Fusion (ADM) and Filtek Z350 XT (Z3XT). Linear shrinkage stress was evaluated for 300 s with the aid of a linear shrinkage device adapted to a Universal Testing Machine. For each composite group, seven additional specimens (2x2x25 mm) were made and Young’s modulus was evaluated with a 3-point bending device adapted in a Universal Testing Machine with 0.5 mm/min crosshead speed and 50 KgF loading cell. Results: For 12 mm3 specimens, three-way ANOVA showed that only SDR and TBF generated lower stress after 20 s. Considering 300 s, TBF, SDR, and XF generated the lowest stress, followed by ADM, FBP, XB, and FBF, which were similar to Z3XT. Z3F generated the highest stress values for all time points. Considering 24 mm3 specimens after 20 s, all bulk fill composites generated lower stress than Z3XT, except XB. After 300 s, SDR, FBP, and ADM generated the lowest stress, followed by TBF and XF. For elastic modulus, one-way ANOVA showed that FBF, SDR, Z3F, and ADM presented the lowest values, followed by XB and TBF. FBP, Z3XT, and XF presented the highest elastic modulus among the evaluated composites. Conclusions: Bulk-fill resin composites presented equal to lower shrinkage stress generation when compared to conventional composites, especially when bigger increments were evaluated. Bulk-fill composites showed a wide range of elastic modulus values, but usually similar to “regular” composites

Mandible metastasis of small cell lung cancer mimicking a residual cyst

Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is an uncommon tumor characterized by an aggressive behavior with early metastasis, usually to the contralateral lung, liver, brain, and bones. There are only five cases of this particular tumor metastasizing to the oral cavity described in the English literature. We present the case of metastatic SCLC in the mandible with radiographic findings resembling a residual cyst. A 66-year-old man with previous diagnosis and treatment for a SCLC was referred to the Stomatology Department with a history of persistent pain in the mandible 1 year after the inferior right pre-molar tooth extraction. The radiographic exam showed a well-delimited radiolucent area on that extracted tooth’s region resembling a residual cyst. Biopsy was performed yielding the diagnosis of metastatic SCLC. The patient was referred to the clinical oncologist for chemotherapy. Although uncommon, this tumor should be included in the differential diagnosis of jawbone lesions, particularly when the patient presents a previous diagnosis of SCL