Rendimento dos componentes não-carcaça de cordeiros alimentados com silagem de milho ou cana-de-açúcar e dois níveis de concentrado Non-carcass components yield of lambs fed corn silage or sugar cane under two levels of concentrate

Objetivou-se avaliar o rendimento dos componentes não-carcaça de cordeiros terminados em confinamento recebendo dietas formuladas com silagem de milho ou cana-de-açúcar e dois níveis de concentrado. Utilizaram-se 32 cordeiros Ile de France, não-castrados, alimentados com silagem de milho ou cana-de-açúcar em duas relações volumoso:concentrado, 60:40 ou 40:60. Os cordeiros foram mantidos em confinamento até atingirem 32 kg de peso corporal (PCA), quando foram abatidos. Após a sangria, todos os constituintes não-carcaça (sangue, pele, cabeça, patas, rúmen, retículo, omaso, abomaso, intestino delgado, intestino grosso, baço, fígado, coração, pulmão com traqueia, pâncreas, rins com gordura perirrenal, gorduras omental e mesentérica) foram separados e pesados, calculando-se suas porcentagens em relação ao PCA. O conteúdo do trato gastrintestinal (TGI) foi maior nos cordeiros alimentados com cana-de-açúcar (15,17%) e 60% de volumoso (14,55%); enquanto as gorduras omental e perirrenal foram maiores nos cordeiros que receberam silagem de milho, 0,53 e 0,63%, respectivamente. A relação volumoso:concentrado e o tipo de volumoso afetaram as proporções de rúmen, omaso e intestino delgado em relação ao peso total do trato gastrintestinal. A relação volumoso:concentrado e o tipo de volumoso influenciam o conteúdo do trato gastrintestinal de cordeiros, afetando indiretamente os rendimentos de carcaça. O tipo de alimentação tem maior influência sobre as proporções dos órgãos responsáveis pela digestão e absorção de nutrientes. Os fatores que influenciam os componentes não-carcaça de cordeiros são variados e contraditórios, o que torna necessária a realização de mais pesquisas para incentivar sua utilização e, consequentemente, agregar valor aos sistemas de produção de carne ovina.<br>The objective of this result was to evaluate the yields of non-carcass components of lambs finished in feedlot feeding on diets with corn silage or sugarcane under two levels of concentrate. Thirty-two non-castrated Ile de France lambs fed on corn silage or sugar cane with two roughage:concentrate ratios: 60:40 or 40:60. Lambs were confined until they reached 32 kg of body weight (BW), when they were slaughtered. After the bleeding, all non-carcass components (blood, skin, head, feet, rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum, small intestine, large intestine, spleen, liver, heart, lung with trachea, pancreas, kidneys with perirenal fat, omental and mesenteric fat) were separated and weighed, and their percentages were calculated in relation to the BW. The content of gastrointestinal tract was greater in lambs which fed on sugar cane (15.17%) and 60% of roughage (14.55%); while omental and kidney fats were greater in lambs that received corn silage, 0.53 and 0.63%, respectively. The roughage:concentrate ratio and type of forage affected the proportions of rumen, omasum and small intestine in relation to the total weight of gastrointestinal tract. The roughage:concentrate ratio and type of forage influence the content of the gastrointestinal tract of lambs, indirectly affecting the carcass yields. The type of food has greater influence on the proportions of the organs responsible for digestion and absorption of nutrients. The factors that influence the non-carcass components of lambs are varied and contradictory, requiring more research that might encourage their use and, consequently, add more value to the production systems of sheep meat

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

Search for supersymmetry in final states with missing transverse momentum and three or more b-jets in 139 fb−1^{-1} of proton–proton collisions at s=13\sqrt{s} = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

International audienceA search for supersymmetry involving the pair production of gluinos decaying via off-shell third-generation squarks into the lightest neutralino $(\tilde{\chi }^0_1)$ is reported. It exploits LHC proton–proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV with an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$ collected with the ATLAS detector from 2015 to 2018. The search uses events containing large missing transverse momentum, up to one electron or muon, and several energetic jets, at least three of which must be identified as containing b-hadrons. Both a simple kinematic event selection and an event selection based upon a deep neural-network are used. No significant excess above the predicted background is found. In simplified models involving the pair production of gluinos that decay via off-shell top (bottom) squarks, gluino masses less than 2.44 TeV (2.35 TeV) are excluded at 95% CL for a massless $\tilde{\chi }^0_1.$ Limits are also set on the gluino mass in models with variable branching ratios for gluino decays to $b\bar{b}\tilde{\chi }^0_1,t\bar{t}\tilde{\chi }^0_1$ and $t\bar{b}\tilde{\chi }^-_1/\bar{t}b\tilde{\chi }^+_1.

Search for pair production of third-generation leptoquarks decaying into a bottom quark and a τ\tau -lepton with the ATLAS detector

International audienceA search for pair-produced scalar or vector leptoquarks decaying into a b-quark and a $\tau$-lepton is presented using the full LHC Run 2 (2015–2018) data sample of 139 fb$^{-1}$ collected with the ATLAS detector in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} =13$ TeV. Events in which at least one $\tau$-lepton decays hadronically are considered, and multivariate discriminants are used to extract the signals. No significant deviations from the Standard Model expectation are observed and 95% confidence-level upper limits on the production cross-section are derived as a function of leptoquark mass and branching ratio $\mathcal {B}$ into a $\tau$-lepton and b-quark. For scalar leptoquarks, masses below 1460 GeV are excluded assuming $\mathcal {B}=100$%, while for vector leptoquarks the corresponding limit is 1650 GeV (1910 GeV) in the minimal-coupling (Yang–Mills) scenario

Luminosity determination in pppp collisions at s=13\sqrt{s}=13 TeV using the ATLAS detector at the LHC

The luminosity determination for the ATLAS detector at the LHC during Run 2 is presented, with $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV. The absolute luminosity scale is determined using van der Meer beam separation scans during dedicated running periods in each year, and extrapolated to the physics data-taking regime using complementary measurements from several luminosity-sensitive detectors. The total uncertainties in the integrated luminosities for each individual year of data-taking range from 0.9% to 1.1%, and are partially correlated between years. After standard data-quality selections, the full Run 2 $pp$ data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of $140.1\pm 1.2$ fb$^{-1}$, i.e. an uncertainty of 0.83%. A dedicated sample of low-pileup data recorded in 2017-18 for precision Standard Model physics measurements is analysed separately, and has an integrated luminosity of $338.1\pm 3.1$ pb$^{-1}$.The luminosity determination for the ATLAS detector at the LHC during Run 2 is presented, with pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV. The absolute luminosity scale is determined using van der Meer beam separation scans during dedicated running periods in each year, and extrapolated to the physics data-taking regime using complementary measurements from several luminosity-sensitive detectors. The total uncertainties in the integrated luminosity for each individual year of data-taking range from 0.9% to 1.1%, and are partially correlated between years. After standard data-quality selections, the full Run 2 pp data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of $140.1\pm 1.2$ $\hbox {fb}^{-1}$, i.e. an uncertainty of 0.83%. A dedicated sample of low-pileup data recorded in 2017–2018 for precision Standard Model physics measurements is analysed separately, and has an integrated luminosity of $338.1\pm 3.1$ $\hbox {pb}^{-1}$.The luminosity determination for the ATLAS detector at the LHC during Run 2 is presented, with $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV. The absolute luminosity scale is determined using van der Meer beam separation scans during dedicated running periods in each year, and extrapolated to the physics data-taking regime using complementary measurements from several luminosity-sensitive detectors. The total uncertainties in the integrated luminosities for each individual year of data-taking range from 0.9% to 1.1%, and are partially correlated between years. After standard data-quality selections, the full Run 2 $pp$ data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of $140.1\pm 1.2$ fb$^{-1}$, i.e. an uncertainty of 0.83%. A dedicated sample of low-pileup data recorded in 2017-18 for precision Standard Model physics measurements is analysed separately, and has an integrated luminosity of $338.1\pm 3.1$ pb$^{-1}$

Search for pair production of third-generation leptoquarks decaying into a bottom quark and a τ\tau-lepton with the ATLAS detector

A search for pair-produced scalar or vector leptoquarks decaying into a $b$-quark and a $\tau$-lepton is presented using the full LHC Run 2 (2015-2018) data sample of 139 fb$^{-1}$ collected with the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV. Events in which at least one $\tau$-lepton decays hadronically are considered, and multivariate discriminants are used to extract the signals. No significant deviations from the Standard Model expectation are observed and 95% confidence-level upper limits on the production cross-section are derived as a function of leptoquark mass and branching ratio into the $\tau$-lepton. For scalar leptoquarks, masses below 1490 GeV are excluded assuming a 100% branching ratio, while for vector leptoquarks the corresponding limit is 1690 GeV (1960 GeV) in the minimal-coupling (Yang-Mills) scenario.A search for pair-produced scalar or vector leptoquarks decaying into a $b$-quark and a $\tau$-lepton is presented using the full LHC Run 2 (2015-2018) data sample of 139 fb$^{-1}$ collected with the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV. Events in which at least one $\tau$-lepton decays hadronically are considered, and multivariate discriminants are used to extract the signals. No significant deviations from the Standard Model expectation are observed and 95% confidence-level upper limits on the production cross-section are derived as a function of leptoquark mass and branching ratio into the $\tau$-lepton. For scalar leptoquarks, masses below 1490 GeV are excluded assuming a 100% branching ratio, while for vector leptoquarks the corresponding limit is 1690 GeV (1960 GeV) in the minimal-coupling (Yang-Mills) scenario