Assessment of knowledge and self-efficiency for the use of basic culinary techniques in puerpera in a university hospital: Avaliação do conhecimento e da autoeficácia para o uso de técnicas culinárias básicas em puérperas em um hospital universitário

The healthy and diversified food introduction represents an opportunity for the child to be exposed to the wide variety of foods that will form the basis for future healthy eating habits. In view of the scarcity of studies that correlate the introduction of complementary foods from the child's six months of life onwards with maternal cooking skills, the present study aims to verify whether there is pre-existence to the puerperium of the mother's cooking skills and, more specifically, to assess whether postpartum women have culinary skills; assess self-efficacy for using basic cooking techniques as well as the cooking skills index. This is a cross-sectional study, which had the participation of 311 postpartum women admitted to a university hospital. Cooking skills were measured in the form of scores. The puerperal women were classified into three strata, according to the scores obtained, three categories were defined, considering the values of the 25th and 75th percentiles as lower limits (low cooking skill) and upper limits (high cooking skill), respectively. The study population showed a high index of cooking skills, as well as a high effectiveness for the use of basic cooking techniques. This study advances in the exploration of the theme, enabling one of the first approaches to the Brazilian reality, especially about postpartum women. It is believed that, even though it is a first exploratory study on the culinary skills of postpartum women attended at a university hospital in northeastern Brazil, its findings can be used as a starting point for future research directions

Assessment of the culinary behavior of puerpera in a university hospital: Avaliação do comportamento culinário de puérperas em um hospital universitário

In the food context, mothers are often associated with the responsibility of transmitting information about food, as well as food practices, from one generation to the next. In addition, children's food preferences can be influenced by parents' food preferences and by the accessibility of food at home, making the family system a determining factor in food education. Considering the scarcity of studies that assess the interference of mothers' cooking skills in the feeding of their children, this study aims to evaluate the knowledge of mothers who were hospitalized at the Lauro Wanderley University Hospital (HULW) about cooking skills, and more specifically, to assess whether postpartum women have culinary skills, to analyze the culinary attitude and the index of culinary skills. This is a cross-sectional study with the participation of 311 postpartum women admitted to a university hospital. Culinary skills were measured in the form of scores. The puerperal women were classified into three strata. According to the scores obtained, three categories were defined, considering the values ​​of the 25th and 75th percentiles as lower limits (low cooking skills) and upper limits (high cooking skills), respectively. The study population showed a high index of culinary skills, as well as a high culinary attitude. The present study advances in the research and deepening of the theme, enabling one of the first approximations with the Brazilian reality, especially with regard to puerperal women. It is believed that, even being a first exploratory study on the culinary skills of puerperal women treated at a university hospital in northeastern Brazil, this study presents findings that can be used as a starting point for future research directions

INSECT INCIDENCE AND AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF COMMON BEAN GENOTYPES IN THREE GROWING SEASONS UNDER ORGANIC SYSTEM

The objective of this work was to observe the performance of creole genotypes of common bean and the limiting phytosanitary factors in three growing seasons in the organic system. Three trials were carried out, with plantations in October 2017, January 2018 and May 2018. A random experimental block design was used, consisting of 4 replicates and 10 treatments (commercial: BRS Esplendor (preto) and BRS Estilo (carioca), and the creoles: Amarelinho, Bolinha Vermelho, Cavalo Bolinha, Mouro, Paquinho, Palhacinho, Preto Jacaré and Roxão). The number of chrysomelidae damaged plants, whitefly nymph incidence, incidence of Bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV), thrips and heteropteran incidence were quantified. Besides, the grain mass and quality of grains (yield, normal grains, spotted grains and chocho grains) were measured. The first season of growing had the highest heteropteran incidence; BGMV was observed only on second season. Third season of sowing produced highest yield and lower insect incidence. Insect incidence varied between the genotypes at all data of sowing, with minor differences between the creoles and commercial materials. BGMV in second season prevented bean production in all genotypes.O objetivo deste trabalho foi observar o desempenho de genótipos crioulos de feijão e os fatores fitossanitários limitantes em três épocas de cultivo sob sistema de cultivo orgânico. Foram realizados três ensaios, com plantios em outubro de 2017, janeiro de 2018 e maio de 2018. Foi utilizado um delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, composto por 4 repetições e 10 tratamentos (comercial: BRS Esplendor (preto) e BRS Estilo (carioca) e o crioulos: Amarelinho, Bolinha Vermelho, Cavalo Bolinha, Mouro, Paquinho, Palhacinho, Preto Jacaré e Roxão). Foram quantificados o número de plantas danificadas por crisomelídeos, incidência de ninfas de mosca-branca, incidência do vírus do mosaico dourado (BGMV), tripes e heterópteros. Além disso, a massa e a qualidade dos grãos (rendimento, grãos normais, grãos manchados e grãos chochos) foram avaliados. A maior incidência de heterópteros ocorreu na primeira época de cultivo. Enquanto o BGMV foi observado apenas na segunda época. As plantas cultivadas na terceira época de semeadura tiveram maior rendimento e menor incidência de insetos. A incidência de insetos variou entre os genótipos em todas as datas de semeadura, com pouca diferença entre os crioulos e os materiais comerciais. A ocorrência de BGMV na segunda safra impediu a produção de feijão em todos os genótipos

Feasibility of utilising ricotta cheese whey in chocolate ice cream / Viabilidade de utilização do soro de queijo ricota em sorvete de chocolate

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of the application of Ricotta Cheese Whey (RCW) in ice creams by assessing the impact of this addition on different quality factors. Five samples of chocolate ice cream were developed with a difference between the formulations only regarding the proportion of RCW (25, 50, 75, and 100% (w/w)) in the ice cream mix. The sample developed only with whole milk (WM) was also analysed. The ice creams were subjected to several proximate composition, physico-chemical properties, microbiological quality, and sensory analysis. The results showed that the increase in the level of RCW caused a decrease in the nutrient content and that their application in ice cream significantly reduced the fat content. A small change in the texture and instrumental colour of the ice cream, which indicated more hardness and greater colour intensity, did not negatively affect the sensory tests. In addition, the experimental ice creams showed greater resistance to melting (no desorption signals) when incorporating RCW in the ice cream. In the acceptance test, samples developed with RCW obtained averages 7.06 (out of max. 9.00) for general taste and most consumers said they would buy the products. The importance of consuming low-fat products and preserving the environment is not a recent concern, and the use of RCW in ice cream proved to be a suitable alternative with a positive contribution to the economy, industry, consumers, and the environment.

Trincheira de infiltração como técnica compensatória no manejo das águas pluviais urbanas

Este trabalho apresenta um projeto experimental de uma trincheira de infiltração instalada na cidade de Recife, PE, nos primeiros meses de vida útil. Foram avaliadas as funções de armazenamento de água no interior do sistema e a função de infiltração, observando-se o processo de recessão. Em razão dos consequentes eventos de precipitação, a trincheira foi muito solicitada, não tendo suprido, em alguns casos, o grande volume de entrada, o que gerou extravasamento na estrutura. Uma análise de custo foi implementada e avaliaram-se o desempenho e o custo de construção para os tempos de retorno (2, 5, 10 e 25 anos) e durações de chuva de projeto (10, 15, 60 e 120 min). Essa análise revelou que houve subdimensionamento da camada de armazenamento. Apesar disso, a trincheira de infiltração apresentou resultados positivos, com a capacidade de infiltrar no mínimo 63,57% dos volumes de entrada, ou seja, trata-se de uma técnica compensatória no manejo das águas pluviais urbanas

ANÁLISE DOS DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE FOTOPOLIMERIZAÇÃO DOS MATERIAIS RESINOSOS – REVISÃO DE LITERATURA ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION SYSTEMS OF RESIN MATERIALS - LITERATURE REVIEW

Introdução: Falhas no processo de polimerização levam o material resinoso a sofrer alterações estruturais, como menor resistência ao desgaste, degradação na matriz orgânica, infiltrações e absorção de água. Diversos tipos de aparelhos fotopolimerizadores têm sido lançados no mercado, com o intuito de permitir diferentes métodos de fotoativação. É de suma importância saber qual fotopolimerizador deve ser usado para o tipo de fotoiniciador composto no material resinoso. Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisão de literatura é analisar diferentes fotopolimerizadores e fotoiniciadores para polimerização de resinas compostas. Metodologia: A revisão de literatura contou com uma busca em bancos de dados científicos online nacionais e internacionais, selecionando artigos publicados a partir de 2008, em português, inglês e espanhol, utilizando os descritores light curing of dental adhesives; photoinitiators, dental; polymerization; curing lights dental e suas respectivas traduções para o idioma português, disponíveis na biblioteca Medical Subjects Headings (MeSH). Discussão: Observou-se que existem fotopolimerizadores no mercado que diferem quanto ao tipo de luz, potência e intensidade. Para assegurar uma efetiva polimerização dos materiais resinosos e uma durabilidade clínica dos procedimentos restauradores, o uso dos aparelhos fotopolimerizadores com diferentes espectros de luz dependem do tipo de fotoiniciador presente na matriz resinosa. Considerações finais: Concluiu-se que é de suma importância o desenvolvimento dos aparelhos fotoativadores, compostos fotoiniciadores e materiais resinosos, no intuito de uma maior longevidade clínica dos procedimentos restauradores realizados.  Introduction: When faults occur in the polymerization process, the resinous material undergoes structural changes, such as lower wear resistance, organic matrix degradation, infiltration and water absorption. Several types of light-curing devices have been launched in the market, in order to allow different methods of photoactivation. It is of utmost importance to know which curing light should be used for the type of photoinitiator composed in the resinous material. Objective: The objective of this literature review is to analyze different curing light and photoinitiators for polymerization of composite resins. Methodology: The literature review included a search in national and international online scientific databases, using articles published since 2008, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, using the descriptors light curing of dental adhesives; photoinitiators, dental; polymerization; curing lights dental and their respective translations into Portuguese, available from the Medical Subjects Headings (MeSH) library. Discussion: There are curing lights in the market with which they differ in light type, power and intensity. To ensure an effective polymerization of the resinous materials and a clinical durability of the restorative procedures, the light type of the curing lights depend on the type of photoinitiator being used. Final considerations: It is concluded that the development of photoactivating devices, photoinitiating compounds and resinous materials is of paramount importance, aiming at a greater clinical longevity of the restorative procedures performed

Choledocystus elegans (Digenea: Plagiorchiidae) of Leptodactylus paraensis (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae) from the Brazilian Amazon

Abstract The trematodes are parasites of the several vertebrates including amphibians, however the knowledge about of the taxonomy these parasites is still confuse. The trematode Choledocystus elegans was found in the small intestine of the Leptodactylus paraensis in eastern Amazon and presents the following characteristics: several pointed tegumentary spines, papillae on the outer and inner edges of the oral and ventral suckers, a round, well-developed cirrus sac, a well-developed cirrus, oblique testicles, a ovary right side, uterine loops extending between the testicles, follicular vitellaria distributed throughout the body, starting at the genital pore region and caeca close the end of the body. For the first time, this study identified C. elegans parasitizing L. paraensis and describes morphological aspects never characterized using light and scanning electron microscopy

A new species of Mesocoelium (Digenea: Mesocoeliidae) found in Rhinella marina (Amphibia: Bufonidae) from Brazilian Amazonia

Mesocoelium lanfrediae sp. nov. (Digenea: Mesocoeliidae) inhabits the small intestine of Rhinella marina (Amphibia: Bufonidae) and is described here, with illustrations provided by light, scanning electron microscopy and molecular approachs. M. lanfrediae sp. nov. presents the typical characteristics of the genus, but is morphometrically and morphologically different from the species described previously. The main diagnostic characteristics of M. lanfrediae sp. nov. are (i) seven pairs of regularly-distributed spherical papillae on the oral sucker, (ii) ventral sucker outlined by four pairs of papillae distributed in a uniform pattern and interspersed with numerous spines, which are larger at the posterior margin and (iii) small, rounded tegumentary papillae around the opening of the oral sucker, which are morphologically different from those of the oral sucker itself, some of which are randomly disposed in the ventrolateral tegumentary region of the anterior third of the body. Addionally, based on SSU rDNA, a phylogenetic analysis including Brachycoeliidae and Mesocoeliidae taxa available on GenBank established the close relationship between M. lanfrediae sp. nov. and Mesocoelium sp

Relação entre apneia obstrutiva do sono e obesidade: uma revisão sobre aspectos endócrinos, metabólicos e nutricionais

ABSTRACT Relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and obesity: a review of endocrine, metabolic and nutritional aspectsCurrently OSAS is recognized as an independent predictor for obesity, and this, in turn, is characterized as the main risk factor for OSAS. This article aims to review the existing literature on the relationship between OSA and obesity, whereas endocrine and metabolic aspects of this relationship and to discuss the role of weight loss in the treatment of this syndrome. Several studies have shown that OSA is directly associated with endocrine disorders such as leptin levels and ghrelin, hormones related to hunger and satiety, and can contribute to increased insulin resistance and cortisol, increasing the risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular. Whereas OSAS is an independent risk factor for hypertension and cardiovascular disease, as well as being strongly associated with obesity and insulin resistance, various treatments have been currently proposed, including surgery, oral appliances, CPAP use, as well as changes in lifestyle, which focus on inclusion of exercise and decreased calorie intake, which promotes the reduction of anthropometric measurements and improvement in AHI and respiratory parameters. It is concluded that OSA and obesity trigger endocrine and metabolic disorders, which can negatively affect the health of the individual. Thus, it can be said that the reduction of body mass is clinically important for obese patients with OSAS and should be a measure of important attention in the treatment of this disease.Atualmente a SAOS é reconhecida como um preditor independente para a obesidade, e esta, por sua vez, caracteriza-se como o principal fator de risco para a SAOS. Com isso, o presente artigo visa revisar a literatura existente sobre a relação entre SAOS e obesidade, considerando os aspectos endócrinos e metabólicos desta relação, bem como discutir o papel da perda de peso no tratamento desta síndrome. Diversos estudos têm demonstrado que a SAOS está diretamente associada às alterações endócrinas, como os níveis de leptina e grelina, hormônios relacionados a fome e saciedade, bem como pode contribuir para o aumento da resistência à insulina e do cortisol, elevando o risco de doenças crônicas, como as cardiovasculares. Considerando que a SAOS é fator de risco independente para hipertensão e doenças cardiovasculares, além de ser fortemente associada com a obesidade e a resistência à insulina, diversos tratamentos têm sido propostos atualmente, incluindo cirurgias, aparelhos intra orais, uso de CPAP, bem como mudanças de estilo de vida, as quais focam na inclusão de exercícios físicos e diminuição da ingestão calórica, o que promove a redução de medidas antropométricas e melhora no IAH e parâmetros respiratórios. Conclui-se que a SAOS e a obesidade desencadeiam alterações endócrinas e metabólicas, as quais podem atuar negativamente na saúde do indivíduo. Desta forma, pode-se afirmar que a redução da massa corporal é clinicamente importante para pacientes obesos com SAOS, devendo ser uma medida de importante atenção no tratamento desta doença.

Relação entre apneia obstrutiva do sono e obesidade: uma revisão sobre aspectos endócrinos, metabólicos e nutricionais

Atualmente a SAOS é reconhecida como um preditor independente para a obesidade, e esta, por sua vez, caracteriza-se como o principal fator de risco para a SAOS. Com isso, o presente artigo visa revisar a literatura existente sobre a relação entre SAOS e obesidade, considerando os aspectos endócrinos e metabólicos desta relação, bem como discutir o papel da perda de peso no tratamento desta síndrome. Diversos estudos têm demonstrado que a SAOS está diretamente associada às alterações endócrinas, como os níveis de leptina e grelina, hormônios relacionados a fome e saciedade, bem como pode contribuir para o aumento da resistência à insulina e do cortisol, elevando o risco de doenças crônicas, como as cardiovasculares. Considerando que a SAOS é fator de risco independente para hipertensão e doenças cardiovasculares, além de ser fortemente associada com a obesidade e a resistência à insulina, diversos tratamentos têm sido propostos atualmente, incluindo cirurgias, aparelhos intra orais, uso de CPAP, bem como mudanças de estilo de vida, as quais focam na inclusão de exercícios físicos e diminuição da ingestão calórica, o que promove a redução de medidas antropométricas e melhora no IAH e parâmetros respiratórios. Conclui-se que a SAOS e a obesidade desencadeiam alterações endócrinas e metabólicas, as quais podem atuar negativamente na saúde do indivíduo. Desta forma, pode-se afirmar que a redução da massa corporal é clinicamente importante para pacientes obesos com SAOS, devendo ser uma medida de importante atenção no tratamento desta doença. ABSTRACT Relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and obesity: a review of endocrine, metabolic and nutritional aspectsCurrently OSAS is recognized as an independent predictor for obesity, and this, in turn, is characterized as the main risk factor for OSAS. This article aims to review the existing literature on the relationship between OSA and obesity, whereas endocrine and metabolic aspects of this relationship and to discuss the role of weight loss in the treatment of this syndrome. Several studies have shown that OSA is directly associated with endocrine disorders such as leptin levels and ghrelin, hormones related to hunger and satiety, and can contribute to increased insulin resistance and cortisol, increasing the risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular. Whereas OSAS is an independent risk factor for hypertension and cardiovascular disease, as well as being strongly associated with obesity and insulin resistance, various treatments have been currently proposed, including surgery, oral appliances, CPAP use, as well as changes in lifestyle, which focus on inclusion of exercise and decreased calorie intake, which promotes the reduction of anthropometric measurements and improvement in AHI and respiratory parameters. It is concluded that OSA and obesity trigger endocrine and metabolic disorders, which can negatively affect the health of the individual. Thus, it can be said that the reduction of body mass is clinically important for obese patients with OSAS and should be a measure of important attention in the treatment of this disease