Historia de la formación del recurso humano de enfermería en Venezuela

Nursing education has been immersed in the historical development of society and related variables - economic, social and political - that have influenced its development. Thus, to understand the present it is imperative to look to its past. This past shows us that nursing has evolved from a craft to a profession, but unlike other professions which since the beginning of the university have been constructed as such, nursing had to wait a long time to be taught at universities, which arose as human societies become more complex. People are required to learn a practice supported by a technique and even a theory on how to do it, and methods are needed to convey the knowledge. This requirement means that education is intentional, systematic and organized, which is influential in the creation of the university and later in the training of nurses. The following is a literature review of training for nurse practitioners of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.La educación en Enfermería ha estado inmersa en el devenir histórico de la sociedad y relacionada con variables: económicas, sociales y políticas que han influido en su desarrollo, por tal motivo para comprender el presente es imperativo volver la mirada al pasado. Este nos muestra que la enfermería ha pasado de ser un oficio a una profesión, pero a diferencia de otras profesiones que desde el comienzo de la universidad se erigen como tales, la enfermería por su parte tuvo que esperar mucho tiempo para poder llegar a las universidades, las cuales surgen en virtud de que las sociedades humanas se tornan más complejas, por lo que se requiere que las personas aprendan una práctica sustentada en una técnica y hasta en una teoría sobre cómo hacerlo, necesitando de métodos para transmitir el conocimiento. Esta necesidad hace que la educación tenga una intencionalidad, sistematización y organización, hecho que influye en la creación de la universidad y posteriormente en la formación de las enfermeras. A continuación se presenta una revisión bibliográfica de la formación de los profesionales en enfermería de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela

Rehabilitation program for inmates : (convicts and pre-trial detainees) with mental and behavioral disorders due to use of psychoactive substances for the State Criminal Executive Service of Ukraine

En cubierta: This Manual is funded by the EU-ACT ProjectResumen: Los sistemas penitenciarios modernos manejan poblaciones de un tamaño significativo. Internos de la prisión, tanto hombres como mujeres, son individuos especiales con vulnerabilidades severas en diferentes áreas de su personalidad. Los delincuentes tienden a presentar con frecuencia un historial de uso de sustancias y trastorno mental. trastorno. Los sistemas penitenciarios deben hacer frente a la ejecución de penas de prisión de personas con necesidades específicas de tratamiento. A hacer frente de manera adecuada a estas necesidades es un asunto de salud pública, y promueve una ejecución humana de las penas de prisión

Del crimen a la virtud :(tercera parte de los siete Niños de Ecija):drama en un acto y en verso

Representada por primera vez en el Teatro del Balon de Cádiz y otros varios de Andalucía, en el mes de Marzo de 1866Copia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Cultura. Dirección General del Libro, Archivos y Bibliotecas, 2010Pie de imprenta tomado del colofónSign.:1(4º),2(1º)Texto a dos col.Colección de comedias representadas con éxito en los teatros de Madri

Otro título: Ya cayó el ministerio

Representado con aplauso en el Teatro del Balon de Cádiz, el año de 1865Copia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Cultura. Dirección General del Libro, Archivos y Bibliotecas, 2010Pie de imprenta tomado del colofónSign.:1(4º)Texto a dos col

De noche todos los gatos... :proverbio en un acto

Estrenado con mucho aplauso en el teatro de Sanlucar de Barrameda, en el verano de 1867, á presencia de SS.AA.RR. los Duques de MontpensierCopia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Cultura. Dirección General del Libro, Archivos y Bibliotecas, 2010Pie de imprenta tomado del colofónSign.:1(3º)Texto a dos col.Colección de comedias representadas con éxito en los teatros de Madri

La explación de un bandido

Para representarse por primera vez el el Teatro del Balón de Cádiz, el mes de Noviembre de 1865Copia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Cultura. Dirección General del Libro, Archivos y Bibliotecas, 2010Pie de imprenta tomado del colofónSign.:1-2(4º)Texto a dos col.Colección de comedias representadas con éxito en los teatros de Madri

Pharmacovigilance in children in Camagüey Province, Cuba

Purpose: Our aim was to describe the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) detected following increased education about pharmacovigilance and drug toxicity in children in Camagüey Province, Cuba. Methods: Over a period of 24 months (January 2009 to December 2010), all reports of suspected ADRs in children to the Provincial Pharmacovigilance Centre in Camagüey Province were analysed. ADRs were classified in relation to causality and severity. Results: There were 533 reports involving suspected ADRs in children in the period. Almost one third of the reports received were classified as moderate (155, 29%) or severe (10, 2%). There was one fatality in association with the use of ceftriaxone. Vaccines and antibiotics were responsible for most of the ADR reports (392, 74%) and for all ten severe ADRs. After an intensive educational package, both within the community and the Children’s Hospital, the number of reports increased from 124 in 2008 to 161 in 2009 and 372 in 2010. This was equivalent to a reporting rate of 879 and 2,031 reports per million children per year for 2009 and 2010, respectively. Conclusions: The incidence of ADRs in children Camagüey Province, Cuba, is greater than previously reported. An educational intervention about pharmacovigilance and drug toxicity in children can improve the reporting of ADRs

Use of Machine-Learning Algorithms in Intensified Preoperative Therapy of Pancreatic Cancer to Predict Individual Risk of Relapse

Background: Although surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment for pancreatic cancer (PC), long-term outcomes of this treatment remain poor. The aim of this study is to describe the feasibility of a neoadjuvant treatment with induction polychemotherapy (IPCT) followed by chemoradiation (CRT) in resectable PC, and to develop a machine-learning algorithm to predict risk of relapse. Methods: Forty patients with resectable PC treated in our institution with IPCT (based on mFOLFOXIRI, GEMOX or GEMOXEL) followed by CRT (50 Gy and concurrent Capecitabine) were retrospectively analyzed. Additionally, clinical, pathological and analytical data were collected in order to perform a 2-year relapse-risk predictive population model using machine-learning techniques. Results: A R0 resection was achieved in 90% of the patients. After a median follow-up of 33.5 months, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 18 months and median overall survival (OS) was 39 months. The 3 and 5-year actuarial PFS were 43.8% and 32.3%, respectively. The 3 and 5-year actuarial OS were 51.5% and 34.8%, respectively. Forty-percent of grade 3-4 IPCT toxicity, and 29.7% of grade 3 CRT toxicity were reported. Considering the use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors, the number of resected lymph nodes, the presence of perineural invasion and the surgical margin status, a logistic regression algorithm predicted the individual 2-year relapse-risk with an accuracy of 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.56-0.84, p = 0.005). The model-predicted outcome matched 64% of the observed outcomes in an external dataset. Conclusion: An intensified multimodal neoadjuvant approach (IPCT + CRT) in resectable PC is feasible, with an encouraging long-term outcome. Machine-learning algorithms might be a useful tool to predict individual risk of relapse. A small sample size and therapy heterogeneity remain as potential limitations

SMAD3 rs17228212 Gene Polymorphism Is Associated with Reduced Risk to Cerebrovascular Accidents and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Anti-CCP Negative Spanish Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex polygenic inflammatory disease associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease. Previous genome-wide association studies have described SMAD3 rs17228212 polymorphism as an important signal associated with CV events. The aim of the present study was to evaluate for the first time the relationship between this gene polymorphism and the susceptibility to CV manifestations and its potential association with the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis assessed by the evaluation of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in patients with RA

Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor 22 and C-Src tyrosine kinase genes are down-regulated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Several protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor 22 (PTPN22) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been significantly related with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility. Nevertheless, its potential influence on PTPN22 expression in RA has not been completely elucidated. Furthermore, PTPN22 binds to C-Src tyrosine kinase (CSK) forming a key complex in autoimmunity. However, the information of CSK gene in RA is scarce. In this study, we analyzed the relative PTPN22 and CSK expression in peripheral blood from 89 RA patients and 43 controls to determine if the most relevant PTPN22 (rs2488457, rs2476601 and rs33996649) and CSK (rs34933034 and rs1378942) polymorphisms may influence on PTPN22 and CSK expression in RA. The association between PTPN22 and CSK expression in RA patients and their clinical characteristics was also evaluated. Our study shows for the first time a marked down-regulation of PTPN22 expression in RA patients carrying the risk alleles of PTPN22 rs2488457 and rs2476601 compared to controls (p?=?0.004 and p?=?0.007, respectively). Furthermore, CSK expression was significantly lower in RA patients than in controls (p?<?0.0001). Interestingly, a reduced PTPN22 expression was disclosed in RA patients with ischemic heart disease (p?=?0.009). The transcriptional suppression of this PTPN22/CSK complex may have a noteworthy clinical relevance in RA patients