The Course and Prognosis of Pemphigus: A Review of 42 Patients

Pemphigus is a rare, chronic and life-threating autoimmune disease. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the course and prognosis of pemphigus patients treated in our clinics. Medical records of 42 patients followed up regularly, and diagnosed at the Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dicle, from July 1994 to January 2004 were reviewed retrospectively. Of 42 patients with pemphigus, 38 had been treated with combination of methylprednisolone and azathioprine. Four patients had been treated with methylprednisolone alone. The initial doses ranged from 80 to 300 mg of methylprednisolone and 100-150 mg of azathioprine daily. No remission was obtained in 5 cases treated with combined therapy of methylprednisolone and azathioprine. Of 42 patients, 5 died during the study period. All of the patients who died were those patients with pemphigus vulgaris. In 4 patients, death occurred due to reasons related to the disease or treatment. Twenty nine patients were in complete remission with no therapy for duration varying between 4 months and 8 years

Investigation of Malaria, Leishmaniasis, and Scabies Risk after Earthquakes and Recommendations for Prevention

This study examines the risk of malaria, leishmaniasis, and scabies following earthquakes in southeastern Türkiye. The focus is on the impact on the local population and Syrian immigrants. Recommendations for prevention include vector control measures such as indoor residual spraying and distribution of insecticidal nets. Surveillance and early detection through rapid diagnostic tests and active case finding are important. Public awareness campaigns and community engagement are crucial for promoting protective measures. Strengthening healthcare infrastructure, providing essential supplies, and capacity building is essential. For leishmaniasis, early detection and treatment, vector control, health education, and community engagement are vital. Scabies outbreaks affect the socioeconomically depressed local population and Syrian immigrants. Early detection, treatment, contact tracing, health education, hygiene promotion, and improved living conditions are necessary. Implementing these interventions and strategies can effectively prevent, control, and manage these diseases. Tailoring approaches to the specific context and needs of affected communities is crucial. By addressing these challenges, we can protect the health and well-being of the affected population

ERGONOMİK RİSKLER İÇEREN DEPO RAF ATAMA PROBLEMİ İÇİN KARIŞIK TAMSAYILI DOĞRUSAL PROGRAMLAMA MODELİ: BİR UYGULAMA

Bu çalışmada, ekmek fırınları ve fırın ekipmanları üreten bir firmada depo raf atama problemi ele alınmıştır. Mevcut sistemin analizi sonucunda, malzeme ambarındaki işlemlerin yoğun yük kaldırma/indirme ve taşıma işlerinden dolayı ergonomik riskler içerdiği gözlenmiştir. Problemin çözümü için, öncelikle bileşen sınıflandırması amacıyla Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHS) ve çok kriterli ABC analizi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Daha sonra depodaki farklı kapasiteli raflara farklı tiplerdeki bileşenleri atayan bir iki amaçlı karışık tamsayılı doğrusal programlama modeli geliştirilmiştir. Öncelikli amaç işçilik maliyetini, ikincil amaç ise çalışanın üzerindeki ergonomik yükü azaltacak şekilde metabolik hızını enküçüklemektedir. Çalışanın sorumlu olduğu temel malzeme talebi karşılama çevrimi dört iş öğesine bölünmüş ve bunların enerji maliyeti literatürdeki mevcut denklemler kullanılarak tanımlanmıştır. Bu denklemler, maliyet enküçüklemesi amacına ek olarak matematiksel modele eklenmiştir. Önerilen modelin çözümlenmesi sonucunda çalışanın metabolik hızı ve dolayısıyla üzerindeki ergonomik riski azaltılabilirken, aynı anda çalışan verimliliğinin de artırılabileceği gösterilmiştir. Ayrıca, geliştirilen matematiksel modeli kullanarak parametre ara yüzleri ile raflara atanacak bileşenlerin belirlenebileceği ve bir depo tasarımının yapılabileceği bir yazılım geliştirilmiş ve çalışma kapsamında sunulmuştur

Epidemiology of pemphigus in Turkey: One-year prospective study of 220 cases

Pemphigus is a group of rare and life-threatening autoimmune blistering diseases of the skin and mucous membranes. Although they occur worldwide, their incidence shows wide geographical variation, and prospective data on the epidemiology of pemphigus are very limited. Objective of this work is to evaluate the incidence and epidemiological and clinical features of patients with pemphigus in Turkey. All patients newly diagnosed with pemphigus between June 2013 and June 2014 were prospectively enrolled in 33 dermatology departments in 20 different provinces from all seven regions of Turkey. Disease parameters including demography and clinical findings were recorded. A total of 220 patients were diagnosed with pemphigus during the 1-year period, with an annual incidence of 4.7 per million people in Turkey. Patients were predominantly women, with a male to female ratio of 1:1.41. The mean age at onset was 48.9 years. Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) was the commonest clinical subtype (n=192; 87.3%), followed by pemphigus foliaceus (n=21; 9.6%). The most common clinical subtype of PV was the mucocutaneous type (n=83; 43.2%). The mean Pemphigus Disease Area Index was 28.14±22.21 (mean ± Standard Deviation).  The incidence rate of pemphigus in Turkey is similar to the countries of South-East Europe, higher than those reported for the Central and Northern European countries and lower than the countries around the Mediterranean Sea and Iran. Pemphigus is more frequent in middle-aged people and is more common in women. The most frequent subtype was PV, with a 9-fold higher incidence than pemphigus foliaceus.   </p

Creative destruction in science

Drawing on the concept of a gale of creative destruction in a capitalistic economy, we argue that initiatives to assess the robustness of findings in the organizational literature should aim to simultaneously test competing ideas operating in the same theoretical space. In other words, replication efforts should seek not just to support or question the original findings, but also to replace them with revised, stronger theories with greater explanatory power. Achieving this will typically require adding new measures, conditions, and subject populations to research designs, in order to carry out conceptual tests of multiple theories in addition to directly replicating the original findings. To illustrate the value of the creative destruction approach for theory pruning in organizational scholarship, we describe recent replication initiatives re-examining culture and work morality, working parents\u2019 reasoning about day care options, and gender discrimination in hiring decisions. Significance statement It is becoming increasingly clear that many, if not most, published research findings across scientific fields are not readily replicable when the same method is repeated. Although extremely valuable, failed replications risk leaving a theoretical void\u2014 reducing confidence the original theoretical prediction is true, but not replacing it with positive evidence in favor of an alternative theory. We introduce the creative destruction approach to replication, which combines theory pruning methods from the field of management with emerging best practices from the open science movement, with the aim of making replications as generative as possible. In effect, we advocate for a Replication 2.0 movement in which the goal shifts from checking on the reliability of past findings to actively engaging in competitive theory testing and theory building. Scientific transparency statement The materials, code, and data for this article are posted publicly on the Open Science Framework, with links provided in the article

Examining the generalizability of research findings from archival data

This initiative examined systematically the extent to which a large set of archival research findings generalizes across contexts. We repeated the key analyses for 29 original strategic management effects in the same context (direct reproduction) as well as in 52 novel time periods and geographies; 45% of the reproductions returned results matching the original reports together with 55% of tests in different spans of years and 40% of tests in novel geographies. Some original findings were associated with multiple new tests. Reproducibility was the best predictor of generalizability—for the findings that proved directly reproducible, 84% emerged in other available time periods and 57% emerged in other geographies. Overall, only limited empirical evidence emerged for context sensitivity. In a forecasting survey, independent scientists were able to anticipate which effects would find support in tests in new samples

Asymptomatic flesh-colored lobular nodule on the nose

Chondroid syringoma is a rare benign tumor of the skin appendages. Chondroid syringoma is mostly manifested by a slow-growing, painless, well defined subcutaneous or intradermal nodule. A 43-year-old man presented to our clinic with the complaint of an asymptomatic nodule on the dorsum of the nose for 8 months. The lesion was totally excised. Histopathological examination was notable for epithelial islets embedded in the chondroid matrix in the dermis. The patient was diagnosed with chondroid syringoma in light of the clinical and histopathological findings