DIDÁTICA E ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA: potencialidades pedagógicas dos infográficos

Neste artigo, apresentamos alguns elementos que ressaltam as potencialidades pedagógicas dos infográficos no ensino de Didática, na licenciatura em História, a fim de evidenciar como esses recursos podem contribuir para o ensino dos conteúdos da disciplina. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e bibliográfica sobre ensino de História, Didática, infográficos e o conceito de “práxis”. A investigação possibilitou explorar o software Piktochart para a produção de infográficos de conteúdos da Didática.  Os resultados nos forneceram indicativos de que o uso dos infográficos, na elaboração de materiais didáticos, pode oferecer aos estudantes e seus professores alternativas de produção e de aperfeiçoamento da sistematização de informações.  Portanto, a partir da integração de recursos tecnológicos, aliados a uma pedagogia inovadora, baseada na práxis, é possível contribuir com processos educativos mais significativos, ampliando seu sentido e significado para estudantes e docentes

Usos da inteligência artificial na cardiologia: uma revisão da literatura

São muitas as aplicações da inteligência artificial na medicina, em especial na cardiologia, auxiliando na análise de imagens, diagnósticos, tratamentos precisos e monitorização, diante disso, faz-se relevante estudo sobre esse entrelaçamento na atualidade, observando os usos atuais e as perspectivas futuras. Assim, foi objetivo desta pesquisa analisar a literatura científica para compreender as abordagens atuais no diagnóstico e prevenção de doenças cardíacas por meio dos avanços tecnológicos relacionados à inteligência artificial. O método adotado foi a revisão integrativa da literatura, por meio de buscas por artigos publicados entre os anos de 2020 e 2023, nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE e PubMed. Os descritores utilizados foram “cardiologia” e “inteligência artificial” e seus equivalentes em inglês, combinados por meio do operador booleano AND. Foram incluídos nesta revisão 17 artigos que corresponderam aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Os resultados mostraram os efeitos positivos do uso da IA na cardiologia, tanto na atualidade quanto no futuro, a partir da análise de imagens, oferecimento de diagnóstico preciso e abordagens personalizadas, mas a necessidade de atenção a questões éticas e de segurança. Concluiu-se que em vista dos avanços e benefícios da IA na cardiologia, é essencial garantir o uso responsável da tecnologia.&nbsp

ESTUDO SOBRE A RADIAÇÃO DO CORPO NEGRO A PARTIR DE EXPERIMENTOS COM MEIOS ALTERNATIVOS: UMA PROPOSTA PARA O ENSINO MÉDIO

A blackbody is an object that absorbs all incident electromagnetic radiation, without reflecting or transmitting any part of it, characterized by its unique capacity for total absorption. Based on this, seeking to enable the execution of physics experiments in high school, the objective of the study is to investigate the properties of blackbody radiation through practical experiments using alternative means, in order to understand the influence of color on radiation absorption and explore the relationship between temperature and thermal radiation emission. The methodology adopted refers to experimental research with qualitative and quantitative aspects, where the methodological procedures are summarized as carrying out an experiment and writing the final report. Thus, the results demonstrate that the box with a black inner surface absorbed thermal radiation more efficiently than the one with a white inner surface, highlighting the influence of color on energy absorption. These results corroborate the black body theory and highlight the importance of practical experiments for understanding physical concepts.Um corpo negro é um objeto que absorve toda a radiação eletromagnética incidente, sem refletir ou transmitir qualquer parte dela, caracterizando-se por sua capacidade única de absorção total. Com base nisso, buscando possibilitar a execução de experimentos de física no ensino médio, o objetivo do estudo é investigar as propriedades da radiação do corpo negro por meio de experimentos práticos utilizando meios alternativos, a fim de compreender a influência da cor na absorção de radiação e explorar a relação entre a temperatura e a emissão de radiação térmica. A metodologia adotada se refere a uma pesquisa de cunho experimental com aspectos qualitativos e quantitativos, onde os procedimentos metodológicos se resumem a execução de um experimento e escrita do relatório final. Dessa forma, os resultados demonstram que a caixa de superfície interna preta absorveu mais eficientemente a radiação térmica do que aquela que possuía a superfície interna branca, evidenciando a influência da cor na absorção de energia. Esses resultados corroboram a teoria do corpo negro e ressaltam a importância de experimentos práticos para a compreensão de conceitos físicos

Infância e Escolarização: a inserção das crianças no ensino fundamental

A partir de uma pesquisa de abordagem etnográfica em educação, baseada em observação participante, videogravações e entrevistas, acompanhamos o início do processo de inserção de uma turma de crianças de seis anos no Ensino Fundamental. Em nosso estudo, procuramos caracterizar aspectos do início desse processo considerando a cultura escolar como algo em constante movimento, povoada por embates e contradições, e em íntima relação com a construção da cultura de pares. Destacamos alguns aspectos essenciais que caracterizaram a inserção dessas crianças no Ensino Fundamental: a rotina diariamente escrita no quadro, a preocupação com o bem-estar físico das crianças, o cuidado com os artefatos escolares, o tom de voz baixo da professora, a roda de conversa e a prática de uma criança ajudar a outra

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans – anteaters, sloths, and armadillos – have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with 24 domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, ten anteaters, and six sloths. Our dataset includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data-paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the south of the USA, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to its austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n=5,941), and Cyclopes sp. has the fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n=11,588), and the least recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n=33). With regards to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n=962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other datasets of Neotropical Series which will become available very soon (i.e. Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans dataset

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost