The Role and Contribution of Knowledge and Knowledge Management Practices in Policing. The Case of An Garda Síochána

Thisresearch was undertaken in response to knowledge, and particularly knowledge management practice in policing that finds it complex, multifaceted, under researched and lacking in structure and cohesion. This exploratory research sets out to evaluate the role and contribution of knowledge and knowledge management practices in policing, and using An Garda Síochána, (the Police Service ofthe Republic of Ireland), as the underlying case exemplar in this work, it will contribute to the extant literature and understanding in the area by use of a study which contains unprecedented insider access to a modern police force, practical findings for knowledge change predicated on structured methodological data analysis, and viable recommendations for knowledge in policing based on these.Secondary data was initially collected from within and outside An Garda Síochána. This data provided the context and content for the topic list utilised to collect the primary data. Primary data was collected via in-depth interviews, which were conducted with key informants from within the organisation, and one with a key informant from the Irish Parliament. These semi-structured interviews were then analysed in a sequential three-stage data analytical process, using process coding, followed by in-vivo coding, and thematic analysis. Access to the organisation was obtained as a result of rigorous security clearance protocols and granted as the researcher is also serving police officer

Review on the KM Applications in Public Organisations

Abstract: The rise in awareness of knowledge management as a viable organisational resource and potential source of competitive advantage has been the subject of a myriad of research to date. The phenomenon covers a multitude of disciplines, roles and procedures, and its subjectivity has at times mitigated its potential for pertinent study. Add to this mix, the public sector, which exhibits unusual, specific, bureaucratic and insular hierarchies which can make it difficult to assess it from a research perspective, and a pertinent case can be made for investigating the process of implementing knowledge management initiatives in this area. Today\u27s public organisations are confronted with considerable challenges in the dynamic knowledge economy and continuously adapt to shifts in societal needs, behaviour, and expectations. To keep pace with global trends and new demands, public sector organisations have to embrace new paradigms that place the management of intangible assets at the core of their strategies. Recognising the vital role of knowledge resources in driving organisations can lead to better performance. The idiosyncratic nature of governmental institutions creates peculiar barriers for attempts to manage knowledge within the public domain. Public organisations tend to be highly bureaucratic and cloistered in rigid hierarchies which require knowledge management (KM) strategies that are able to address their specific context, and equally consider their unique cultural and legal implications. The purpose of this paper is to present an inclusive literature review of the current state of KM research in the public sector in order to further research. An extensive review collated KM articles that have interest in public organisations during the last number of years. Initial findings of this research indicate that KM in the public sector is relatively underresearched compared with its private sector counterpart. Despite the existing research that has been undertaken, more efforts are required towards the development of applied frameworks to support public KM initiatives. Inducing culture changes in public organisations and introducing mechanisms of accountability have also been revealed as imperative issues of importance in the context of KM. From an application perspective, most studies have been conducted within the education and healthcare organisations, with a dearth of research in certain important government departments such as the Police and Army forces. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the level of research into KM in the public sector and assess the benefits of taxonomising the literature. This will offer significant new insights into public sector literature and will benefit future researchers in the field. The historically dichotomous roles of public and private sector research present a unique case for reviewing the nuances of public sector KM and investigating whether there is a case for unilateral supposition of the public sector and its unique nuances and if so, is it fortuitous for this to continue. A total of 3000 articles published in peer reviewed journals over selected time periods have been analysed for content pertaining to public sector knowledge management. From this analysis a total of 150 papers have been selected for their direct relevance to public sector knowledge management. There are viable areas of demarcation in public sector literature, and these serve to illustrate a lack of research in some crucial areas, such as the emergency services and the military. The research also suggests that efforts to marry the principals of private sector KM to the public sector are difficult as the uniqueness of public sector culture and orientation makes KM reform challenging. Keywords: KM, Public Sector, Literature Revie

La República en armas: política, «ciudadanía armada» y elecciones en el Perú, 1871-1872

The analysis of the electoral process 1871-72 is incomplete if we do not consider the military uprising led by the Gutierrez brothers and the resistance of the «armed citizens» that served as epilogue to the presidential election of 1872. Unlike other civic organizations in the past Sociedad Independencia Electoral did manage to control the armed revolt, moving, therefore, the axis of political power from the provinces – where the «constitutional» revolutions were traditionally defined – to Lima, the capital city of the republic. Changes in the nature of the country, within the army, in the economy and in the political strategies of civilians produced important transformations in the former electoral model, which has resisted for many decades the passage of time.El análisis del proceso electoral 1871-1872 resulta incompleto si no se considera el levantamiento militar encabezado por los hermanos Gutiérrez y la resistencia de los «ciudadanos armados» que le sirvió de epílogo. El triunfo político de la Sociedad Independencia Electoral, que, a diferencia de otros grupos civiles en el pasado, sí logró hegemoneizar la revuelta armada, trasladó el eje del poder desde las provincias —lugar donde tradicionalmente se gestaban y se definían las «revoluciones constitucionales»— a la ciudad de Lima. Los cambios en la naturaleza del país, en el interior del ejército, en la economía y en las estrategias políticas de los civiles provocaron una importante variación del modelo político-electoral previo, el que resistió durante varias décadas el paso del tiempo

Study of transition temperatures in superconductors Quarterly progress report, 11 Jun. - 10 Sep. 1968

Superconducting properties of niobium-tin alloy and large single crystal growt

Relación entre la cargabilidad en el dominio del tiempo y la cargabilidad espectral en un estudio de IP realizado por una empresa de exploración en el sector de Checa Alta, valle de Tambo, Arequipa 2015

La interpretación geofísica es muy importante al proporcionar información que permite obtener un mejor entendimiento de la estructura interna de la tierra y en base a lo cual, se ha desarrollado la cartografía de sus propiedades y características, facilitando una mejor comprensión de la complejidad geomorfológica en la zona de estudio. En este contexto, en el presente trabajo de investigación, se utilizaron valores obtenidos de cargabilidad a través de 20 ventanas registradas y muestreadas en el tiempo. Seguidamente en base a la curva de decaimiento obtenida se determinó la función de transferencia de la cargabilidad a la cual posteriormente se le aplicó la transformada de Fourier, obteniendo una señal adicional en el dominio espectral. Estos datos espectrales contienen valores de frecuencia, amplitud y fase y han sido normalizados para obtener un punto de referencia de todo el cubo 3D y luego compararlos con los datos de cargabilidad y resistividad convencional registrada. En base a lo expuesto, la importancia del presente trabajo de investigación reside en la metodología aplicada al extraer información de los datos de cargabilidad registrados en el tiempo, así como la aplicación de la transformada de Fourier para la obtención de la descomposición espectral, lo que finalmente permitió caracterizar la zona de estudio otorgándole un valor agregado a los datos registrados inicialmente. Así mismo, fue necesario la creación de un algoritmo en MATLAB con su código fuente para el procesamiento de los datos, obteniendo resultados consistentes que han aportado en una mejor caracterización e interpretación de la zona de estudio y como producto final se han generado 3 cubos tridimensionales con los que se ha integrado la geología para su interpretación final. El control de calidad realizado a los datos registrados y la aplicación de un filtro digital ha permitido eliminar el ruido telúrico que se ha mezclado con los datos primarios en el momento del registro, esto ha permitido limpiar este ruido que enmascaraba a los datos de la cargabilidad. Por lo tanto los valores de cargabilidad obtenidos en el procesamiento de datos contienen información que se puede extraer mediante el cambio del dominio de tiempo al dominio de la frecuencia, esto genera variables adicionales que han contribuido en la interpretación final. Finalmente en el cubo de cargabilidad generado, la relación existente entre el efecto de la polarización inducida y la presencia de sulfuros muestra un valor de proporcionalidad directa que no es lineal. En consecuencia se puede inferir que la cargabilidad es de un valor moderado a bajoPerú. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Vicerrectorado de Investigación y Posgrado. Programa de Promoción de Tesis de Pregrado. E18030044-PTPGRADO

Wide spectral photoresponse of layered platinum diselenide-based photodiodes

Platinum diselenide (PtSe2) is a group-10 transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) that has unique electronic properties, in particular a semimetal-to-semiconductor transition when going from bulk to monolayer form. We report on vertical hybrid Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) of two-dimensional (2D) PtSe2 thin films on crystalline n-type silicon. The diodes have been fabricated by transferring large-scale layered PtSe2 films, synthesized by thermally assisted conversion of predeposited Pt films at back-end-of-the-line CMOS compatible temperatures, onto SiO2/Si substrates. The diodes exhibit obvious rectifying behavior with a photoresponse under illumination. Spectral response analysis reveals a maximum responsivity of 490 mA/W at photon energies above the Si bandgap and relatively weak responsivity, in the range of 0.1–1.5 mA/W, at photon energies below the Si bandgap. In particular, the photoresponsivity of PtSe2 in infrared allows PtSe2 to be utilized as an absorber of infrared light with tunable sensitivity. The results of our study indicate that PtSe2 is a promising option for the development of infrared absorbers and detectors for optoelectronics applications with low-temperature processing conditions

The potential use of service-oriented infrastructure framework to enable transparent vertical scalability of cloud computing infrastructure

Cloud computing technology has become familiar to most Internet users. Subsequently, there has been an increased growth in the use of cloud computing, including Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). To ensure that IaaS can easily meet the growing demand, IaaS providers usually increase the capacity of their facilities in a vertical IaaS increase capability and the capacity for local IaaS amenities such as increasing the number of servers, storage and network bandwidth. However, at the same time, horizontal scalability is sometimes not enough and requires additional strategies to ensure that the large number of IaaS service requests can be met. Therefore, strategies requiring horizontal scalability are more complex than the vertical scalability strategies because they involve the interaction of more than one facility at different service centers. To reduce the complexity of the implementation of the horizontal scalability of the IaaS infrastructures, the use of a technology service oriented infrastructure is recommended to ensure that the interaction between two or more different service centers can be done more simply and easily even though it is likely to involve a wide range of communication technologies and different cloud computing management. This is because the service oriented infrastructure acts as a middle man that translates and processes interactions and protocols of different cloud computing infrastructures without the modification of the complex to ensure horizontal scalability can be run easily and smoothly. This paper presents the potential of using a service-oriented infrastructure framework to enable transparent vertical scalability of cloud computing infrastructures by adapting three projects in this research: SLA@SOI consortium, Open Cloud Computing Interface (OCCI), and OpenStack

Nacionalismo y americanismo entre los voluntarios chilenos en el Ejército Libertador de Cuba durante su segunda guerra de independencia (1895-1898)

The war of independence of Cuba from 1895-1898 mobilized a large contingent of Chilean volunteers to the island, willing to fight alongside the rebels. From documentaries, periodicals and literature —from Cuban and Chilean sources— this paper analyses the motivations and circumstances that summoned them and how they adapted and legitimized themselves in a war that they adopted as their own, despite being foreigners. While an Americanist culture underlies their departure and behavior, it was the redefinition of a renewed nationalism that emerged within the complex situation in Chile during the period preceding the Antillean conflict, which allowed them, most of the time, to be recognized as legitimate fighters by their superior officers and by the troops they commanded.La guerra de independencia de Cuba de 1895-1898 movilizó hacia la isla a un importante contingente de voluntarios chilenos, dispuestos a combatir junto a los insurrectos. A partir de fuentes documentales, periódicas y bibliográficas — cubanas y chilenas—, en el presente artículo se analizan las motivaciones y circunstancias que los convocaron y cómo debieron adaptarse y legitimarse dentro de una guerra que asumieron como propia, no obstante ser extranjeros. Si bien subyace en su partida y sus conductas una cultura americanista, fue la resignificación del renovado nacionalismo surgido en la compleja situación de Chile en el período que precede al conflicto antillano, lo que les permitió, la mayoría de las veces, ser reconocidos como legítimos combatientes por sus oficiales superiores y la tropa que comandaron

Optimized testing strategy for the diagnosis of GAA-FGF14 ataxia/spinocerebellar ataxia 27B

Dominantly inherited GAA repeat expansions in FGF14 are a common cause of spinocerebellar ataxia (GAA-FGF14 ataxia; spinocerebellar ataxia 27B). Molecular confirmation of FGF14 GAA repeat expansions has thus far mostly relied on long-read sequencing, a technology that is not yet widely available in clinical laboratories. We developed and validated a strategy to detect FGF14 GAA repeat expansions using long-range PCR, bidirectional repeat-primed PCRs, and Sanger sequencing. We compared this strategy to targeted nanopore sequencing in a cohort of 22 French Canadian patients and next validated it in a cohort of 53 French index patients with unsolved ataxia. Method comparison showed that capillary electrophoresis of long-range PCR amplification products significantly underestimated expansion sizes compared to nanopore sequencing (slope, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.81 to 0.93]; intercept, 14.58 [95% CI, − 2.48 to 31.12]) and gel electrophoresis (slope, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.78 to 0.97]; intercept, 21.34 [95% CI, − 27.66 to 40.22]). The latter techniques yielded similar size estimates. Following calibration with internal controls, expansion size estimates were similar between capillary electrophoresis and nanopore sequencing (slope: 0.98 [95% CI, 0.92 to 1.04]; intercept: 10.62 [95% CI, − 7.49 to 27.71]), and gel electrophoresis (slope: 0.94 [95% CI, 0.88 to 1.09]; intercept: 18.81 [95% CI, − 41.93 to 39.15]). Diagnosis was accurately confirmed for all 22 French Canadian patients using this strategy. We also identified 9 French patients (9/53; 17%) and 2 of their relatives who carried an FGF14 (GAA)≥250 expansion. This novel strategy reliably detected and sized FGF14 GAA expansions, and compared favorably to long-read sequencing