The landscape of molecular chaperones across human tissues reveals a layered architecture of core and variable chaperones

The sensitivity of the protein-folding environment to chaperone disruption can be highly tissue-specific. Yet, the organization of the chaperone system across physiological human tissues has received little attention. Through computational analyses of large-scale tissue transcriptomes, we unveil that the chaperone system is composed of core elements that are uniformly expressed across tissues, and variable elements that are differentially expressed to fit with tissue-specific requirements. We demonstrate via a proteomic analysis that the muscle-specific signature is functional and conserved. Core chaperones are significantly more abundant across tissues and more important for cell survival than variable chaperones. Together with variable chaperones, they form tissue-specific functional networks. Analysis of human organ development and aging brain transcriptomes reveals that these functional networks are established in development and decline with age. In this work, we expand the known functional organization of de novo versus stress-inducible eukaryotic chaperones into a layered core-variable architecture in multi-cellular organisms

Foods for a Mission to Mars: Equivalent System Mass and Development of a Multipurpose Small-Scale Seed Processor

The candidate crops for planetary food systems include: wheat, white and sweet potatoes, soybean, peanut, strawberry, dry bean including le ntil and pinto, radish, rice, lettuce, carrot, green onion, tomato, p eppers, spinach, and cabbage. Crops such as wheat, potatoes, soybean, peanut, dry bean, and rice can only be utilized after processing, while others are classified as ready-to-eat. To process foods in space, the food processing subsystem must be capable of producing a variety of nutritious, acceptable, and safe edible ingredients and food produ cts from pre-packaged and resupply foods as well as salad crops grown on the transit vehicle or other crops grown on planetary surfaces. D esigning, building, developing, and maintaining such a subsystem is b ound to many constraints and restrictions. The limited power supply, storage locations, variety of crops, crew time, need to minimize waste , and other equivalent system mass (ESM) parameters must be considere d in the selection of processing equipment and techniques

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) screening and detection in normal, healthy patient saliva samples: a pilot cluster randomized study

Background: The human papillomaviruses (HPV) are a large family of non-enveloped DNA viruses, mainly associated with cervical cancers. Recent epidemiologic evidence has suggested that HPV may be an independent risk factor for oropharyngeal cancers. Evidence now suggests HPV may modulate the malignancy process in some tobacco- and alcohol-induced oropharynx tumors, but might also be the primary oncogenic factor for inducing carcinogenesis among some non-smokers. More evidence, however, is needed regarding oral HPV prevalence among healthy adults to estimate risk. The goal of this study was to perform an HPV screening of normal healthy adults to assess oral HPV prevalence. Methods: Healthy adult patients at a US dental school were selected to participate in this pilot study. DNA was isolated from saliva samples and screened for high-risk HPV strains HPV16 and HPV18 and further processed using qPCR for quantification and to confirm analytical sensitivity and specificity. Results: Chi-square analysis revealed the patient sample was representative of the general clinic population with respect to gender, race and age (p \u3c 0.05). Four patient samples were found to harbor HPV16 DNA, representing 2.6% of the total (n = 151). Three of the four HPV16-positive samples were from patients under 65 years of age and all four were female and Hispanic (non-White). No samples tested positive for HPV18. Conclusions: The successful recruitment and screening of healthy adult patients revealed HPV16, but not HPV18, was present in a small subset. These results provide new information about oral HPV status, which may help to contextualize results from other studies that demonstrate oral cancer rates have risen in the US among both females and minorities and in some geographic areas that are not solely explained by rates of tobacco and alcohol use. The results of this study may be of significant value to further our understanding of oral health and disease risk, as well as to help design future studies exploring the role of other factors that influence oral HPV exposure, as well as the short- and long-term consequences of oral HPV infection

Identifying Distinct Risk Profiles to Predict Adverse Events among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Preventing adverse events among chronically ill older adults living in the community is a national health priority. The purpose of this study was to generate distinct risk profiles and compare these profiles in time to: hospitalization, emergency department (ED) visit or death in 371 community-dwelling older adults enrolled in a Medicare demonstration project. Guided by the Behavioral Model of Health Service Use, a secondary analysis was conducted using Latent Class Analysis to generate the risk profiles with Kaplan Meier methodology and log rank statistics to compare risk profiles. The Vuong-Lo-Mendell-Rubin Likelihood Ratio Test demonstrated optimal fit for three risk profiles (High, Medium, and Low Risk). The High Risk profile had significantly shorter time to hospitalization, ED visit, and death (p \u3c 0.001 for each). These findings provide a road map for generating risk profiles that could enable more effective targeting of interventions and be instrumental in reducing health care costs for subgroups of chronically ill community-dwelling older adults

HDAC9 is implicated in atherosclerotic aortic calcification and affects vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype.

Aortic calcification is an important independent predictor of future cardiovascular events. We performed a genome-wide association meta-analysis to determine SNPs associated with the extent of abdominal aortic calcification (n = 9,417) or descending thoracic aortic calcification (n = 8,422). Two genetic loci, HDAC9 and RAP1GAP, were associated with abdominal aortic calcification at a genome-wide level (P < 5.0 × 10-8). No SNPs were associated with thoracic aortic calcification at the genome-wide threshold. Increased expression of HDAC9 in human aortic smooth muscle cells promoted calcification and reduced contractility, while inhibition of HDAC9 in human aortic smooth muscle cells inhibited calcification and enhanced cell contractility. In matrix Gla protein-deficient mice, a model of human vascular calcification, mice lacking HDAC9 had a 40% reduction in aortic calcification and improved survival. This translational genomic study identifies the first genetic risk locus associated with calcification of the abdominal aorta and describes a previously unknown role for HDAC9 in the development of vascular calcification

Lanthanum tungstate membranes for H-2 extraction and CO2 utilization: Fabrication strategies based on sequential tape casting and plasma-spray physical vapor deposition

[EN] In the context of energy conversion efficiency and decreasing greenhouse gas emissions from power generation and energy-intensive industries, membrane technologies for H-2 extraction and CO2 capture and utilization become pronouncedly important. Mixed protonic-electronic conducting ceramic membranes are hence attractive for the pre-combustion integrated gasification combined cycle, specifically in the water gas shift and H-2 separation process, and also for designing catalytic membrane reactors. This work presents the fabrication, microstructure and functional properties of Lanthanum tungstates (La28-xW4+xO54+delta, LaWO) asymmetric membranes supported on porous ceramic and porous metallic substrates fabricated by means of the sequential tape casting route and plasma spray-physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD). Pure LaWO and W site substituted LaWO were employed as membrane materials due to the promising combination of properties: appreciable mixed protonic-electronic conductivity at intermediate temperatures and reducing atmospheres, good sinterability and noticeable chemical stability under harsh operating conditions. As substrate materials porous LaWO (non-substituted), MgO and Crofer22APU stainless steel were used to support various LaWO membrane layers. The effect of fabrication parameters and material combinations on the assemblies' microstructure, LaWO phase formation and gas tightness of the functional layers was explored along with the related fabrication challenges for shaping LaWO layers with sufficient quality for further practical application. The two different fabrication strategies used in the present work allow for preparing all-ceramic and ceramic-metallic assemblies with LaWO membrane layers with thicknesses between 25 and 60 mu m and H-2 flux of ca. 0.4 ml/min cm(2) measured at 825 degrees C in 50 vol% H-2 in He dry feed and humid Ar sweep configuration. Such a performance is an exceptional achievement for the LaWO based H-2 separation membranes and it is well comparable with the H-2 flux reported for other newly developed dual phase cer-cer and cer-met membranes.ProtOMem Project under the BMBF grant 03SF0537 is gratefully acknowledged. Furthermore, the authors thank Ralf Laufs for his assistance in operating the PS-PVD facility. Dr. A. Schwedt from the Central Facility for Electron Microscopy (Gemeinschaftslabor fur Elektronenmikroskopie GFE), RWTH Aachen University is acknowledged for performing the EBSD analysis on the PS-PVD samples.Ivanova, ME.; Deibert, W.; Marcano, D.; Escolástico Rozalén, S.; Mauer, G.; Meulenberg, WA.; Bram, M.... (2019). Lanthanum tungstate membranes for H-2 extraction and CO2 utilization: Fabrication strategies based on sequential tape casting and plasma-spray physical vapor deposition. Separation and Purification Technology. 219:100-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2019.03.015S100112219A.A. Evers, The hydrogen society, More than just a vision? ISBN 978-3-937863-31-3, Hydrogeit Verlag, 16727 Oberkraemer, Germany, 2010.Deibert, W., Ivanova, M. E., Baumann, S., Guillon, O., & Meulenberg, W. A. (2017). Ion-conducting ceramic membrane reactors for high-temperature applications. Journal of Membrane Science, 543, 79-97. doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2017.08.016Arun C. Bose, Inorganic membranes for energy and environmental applications, Edt. A. C. Bose, ISBN: 978-0-387-34524-6, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2009.M. Marrony, H. Matsumoto, N. Fukatsu, M. Stoukides, Typical applications of proton ceramic cells: a way to market? in: M. Marrony (ed.), Proton-conducting ceramics. From fundamentals to applied research, by Pan Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd., ISBN 978-981-4613-84-2, 2016.Di Giorgio, P., & Desideri, U. (2016). Potential of Reversible Solid Oxide Cells as Electricity Storage System. Energies, 9(8), 662. doi:10.3390/en9080662A.L. Dicks, D.A.J. Rand, Fuel cell systems explained, ISBN: 9781118613528, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2018.Zheng, Y., Wang, J., Yu, B., Zhang, W., Chen, J., Qiao, J., & Zhang, J. (2017). A review of high temperature co-electrolysis of H2O and CO2to produce sustainable fuels using solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs): advanced materials and technology. Chemical Society Reviews, 46(5), 1427-1463. doi:10.1039/c6cs00403bGötz, M., Lefebvre, J., Mörs, F., McDaniel Koch, A., Graf, F., Bajohr, S., … Kolb, T. (2016). Renewable Power-to-Gas: A technological and economic review. Renewable Energy, 85, 1371-1390. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2015.07.066Woodhead publishing series in energy, Nr. 76, Membrane reactors for energy applications and basic chemical production, Edt. A. Basile, L. Di Paola, F.I. Hai, V. Piemonte, by Elsevier Ltd, ISBN 978-1-78242-223-5, 2015.Morejudo, S. H., Zanón, R., Escolástico, S., Yuste-Tirados, I., Malerød-Fjeld, H., Vestre, P. K., … Kjølseth, C. (2016). Direct conversion of methane to aromatics in a catalytic co-ionic membrane reactor. Science, 353(6299), 563-566. doi:10.1126/science.aag0274Malerød-Fjeld, H., Clark, D., Yuste-Tirados, I., Zanón, R., Catalán-Martinez, D., Beeaff, D., … Kjølseth, C. (2017). Thermo-electrochemical production of compressed hydrogen from methane with near-zero energy loss. Nature Energy, 2(12), 923-931. doi:10.1038/s41560-017-0029-4J. Franz, Energetic and economic analysis of CO2 retention in coal gasification power plants by means of polymer and ceramic membranes (dissertation, German), Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany, Shaker Verlag, 2013.Franz, J., & Scherer, V. (2011). Impact of ceramic membranes for CO2 separation on IGCC power plant performance. Energy Procedia, 4, 645-652. doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2011.01.100E. Forster, dissertation, Thermal stability of ceramic membranes and catalysts for H2-separation in CO-shift reactors, Energy and Environment Band, vol. 284, ISBN 978-3-95806-084-5, RUB 2015.Escolástico, S., Stournari, V., Malzbender, J., Haas-Santo, K., Dittmeyer, R., & Serra, J. M. (2018). Chemical stability in H2S and creep characterization of the mixed protonic conductor Nd5.5WO11.25-δ. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 43(17), 8342-8354. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.03.060Mortalò, C., Rebollo, E., Escolástico, S., Deambrosis, S., Haas-Santo, K., Rancan, M., … Fabrizio, M. (2018). Enhanced sulfur tolerance of BaCe0.65Zr0.20Y0.15O3-δ-Ce0.85Gd0.15O2-δ composite for hydrogen separation membranes. Journal of Membrane Science, 564, 123-132. doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2018.07.015Matsumoto, H., Shimura, T., Higuchi, T., Tanaka, H., Katahira, K., Otake, T., … Mizusaki, J. (2005). Protonic-Electronic Mixed Conduction and Hydrogen Permeation in BaCe[sub 0.9−x]Y[sub 0.1]Ru[sub x]O[sub 3−α]. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 152(3), A488. doi:10.1149/1.1852442Cai, M., Liu, S., Efimov, K., Caro, J., Feldhoff, A., & Wang, H. (2009). Preparation and hydrogen permeation of BaCe0.95Nd0.05O3−δ membranes. Journal of Membrane Science, 343(1-2), 90-96. doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2009.07.011U. Balachandran, J. Guan, S.E. Dorris, A.C. Bose, G.J. Stiegel, in: Proceedings of the 5th ICIM, A-410, Nagoya, Japan, 1998.Qi, X. (2000). Electrical conduction and hydrogen permeation through mixed proton–electron conducting strontium cerate membranes. Solid State Ionics, 130(1-2), 149-156. doi:10.1016/s0167-2738(00)00281-2Zhan, S., Zhu, X., Ji, B., Wang, W., Zhang, X., Wang, J., … Lin, L. (2009). Preparation and hydrogen permeation of SrCe0.95Y0.05O3−δ asymmetrical membranes. Journal of Membrane Science, 340(1-2), 241-248. doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2009.05.037Song, S. (2004). Hydrogen permeability of SrCe1−xMxO3−δ (x=0.05, M=Eu, Sm). Solid State Ionics, 167(1-2), 99-105. doi:10.1016/j.ssi.2003.12.010Wei, X., Kniep, J., & Lin, Y. S. (2009). Hydrogen permeation through terbium doped strontium cerate membranes enabled by presence of reducing gas in the downstream. Journal of Membrane Science, 345(1-2), 201-206. doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2009.08.041CHENG, S., GUPTA, V., & LIN, J. (2005). Synthesis and hydrogen permeation properties of asymmetric proton-conducting ceramic membranes. Solid State Ionics, 176(35-36), 2653-2662. doi:10.1016/j.ssi.2005.07.005Kniep, J., & Lin, Y. S. (2010). Effect of Zirconium Doping on Hydrogen Permeation through Strontium Cerate Membranes. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 49(6), 2768-2774. doi:10.1021/ie9015182LIANG, J., MAO, L., LI, L., & YUAN, W. (2010). Protonic and Electronic Conductivities and Hydrogen Permeation of SrCe0.95-xZrxTm0.05O3-δ(0≤x≤0.40) Membrane. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 18(3), 506-510. doi:10.1016/s1004-9541(10)60250-9Xing, W., Inge Dahl, P., Valland Roaas, L., Fontaine, M.-L., Larring, Y., Henriksen, P. P., & Bredesen, R. (2015). Hydrogen permeability of SrCe0.7Zr0.25Ln0.05O3− membranes (Ln=Tm and Yb). Journal of Membrane Science, 473, 327-332. doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2014.09.027Oh, T., Yoon, H., Li, J., & Wachsman, E. D. (2009). Hydrogen permeation through thin supported SrZr0.2Ce0.8−xEuxO3−δ membranes. Journal of Membrane Science, 345(1-2), 1-4. doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2009.08.031Hamakawa, S. (2002). Synthesis and hydrogen permeation properties of membranes based on dense SrCe0.95Yb0.05O3−α thin films. Solid State Ionics, 148(1-2), 71-81. doi:10.1016/s0167-2738(02)00047-4Escolástico, S., Ivanova, M., Solís, C., Roitsch, S., Meulenberg, W. A., & Serra, J. M. (2012). Improvement of transport properties and hydrogen permeation of chemically-stable proton-conducting oxides based on the system BaZr1-x-yYxMyO3-δ. RSC Advances, 2(11), 4932. doi:10.1039/c2ra20214jH. Matsumoto, T. Shimura, T. Higuchi, T. Otake, Y. Sasaki, K. Yashiro, A. Kaimai, T. Kawada, J. Mizusaki, Mixed protonic-electronic conduction properties of SrZr0.9−xY0.1RuxO3−δ, Electrochemistry, 72(12), 861–864.M.E. Ivanova, S. Escolático, M. Balaguer, J. Palisaitis, Y.J. Sohn, W.A. Meulenberg, O. Guillon, J. Mayer, J.M. Serra, Hydrogen separation through tailored dual phase membranes with nominal composition BaCe0.8Eu0.2O3−δ:Ce0.8Y0.2O2−δ at intermediate temperatures, Sci. Rep. 6 (2016) 34773–34787.S. Elangovan, B.G. Nair, T.A. Small, Ceramic mixed protonic-electronic conducting membranes for hydrogen separation (2007), US 7,258,820 B2, 1997.Rosensteel, W. A., Ricote, S., & Sullivan, N. P. (2016). Hydrogen permeation through dense BaCe 0.8 Y 0.2 O 3−δ – Ce 0.8 Y 0.2 O 2−δ composite-ceramic hydrogen separation membranes. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 41(4), 2598-2606. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.11.053Rebollo, E., Mortalò, C., Escolástico, S., Boldrini, S., Barison, S., Serra, J. M., & Fabrizio, M. (2015). Exceptional hydrogen permeation of all-ceramic composite robust membranes based on BaCe0.65Zr0.20Y0.15O3−δ and Y- or Gd-doped ceria. Energy & Environmental Science, 8(12), 3675-3686. doi:10.1039/c5ee01793aMontaleone, D., Mercadelli, E., Escolástico, S., Gondolini, A., Serra, J. M., & Sanson, A. (2018). All-ceramic asymmetric membranes with superior hydrogen permeation. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 6(32), 15718-15727. doi:10.1039/c8ta04764bKim, H., Kim, B., Lee, J., Ahn, K., Kim, H.-R., Yoon, K. J., … Lee, J.-H. (2014). Microstructural adjustment of Ni–BaCe0.9Y0.1O3−δ cermet membrane for improved hydrogen permeation. Ceramics International, 40(3), 4117-4126. doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2013.08.066(Balu) Balachandran, U., Lee, T. H., Park, C. Y., Emerson, J. E., Picciolo, J. J., & Dorris, S. E. (2014). Dense cermet membranes for hydrogen separation. Separation and Purification Technology, 121, 54-59. doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2013.10.001Shimura, T. (2001). Proton conduction in non-perovskite-type oxides at elevated temperatures. Solid State Ionics, 143(1), 117-123. doi:10.1016/s0167-2738(01)00839-6HAUGSRUD, R. (2007). Defects and transport properties in Ln6WO12 (Ln=La, Nd, Gd, Er). Solid State Ionics, 178(7-10), 555-560. doi:10.1016/j.ssi.2007.01.004Haugsrud, R., & Kjølseth, C. (2008). Effects of protons and acceptor substitution on the electrical conductivity of La6WO12. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 69(7), 1758-1765. doi:10.1016/j.jpcs.2008.01.002Magrasó, A., Polfus, J. M., Frontera, C., Canales-Vázquez, J., Kalland, L.-E., Hervoches, C. H., … Haugsrud, R. (2012). Complete structural model for lanthanum tungstate: a chemically stable high temperature proton conductor by means of intrinsic defects. J. Mater. Chem., 22(5), 1762-1764. doi:10.1039/c2jm14981hSeeger, J., Ivanova, M. E., Meulenberg, W. A., Sebold, D., Stöver, D., Scherb, T., … Serra, J. M. (2013). Synthesis and Characterization of Nonsubstituted and Substituted Proton-Conducting La6–xWO12–y. Inorganic Chemistry, 52(18), 10375-10386. doi:10.1021/ic401104mScherb, T., Kimber, S. A. J., Stephan, C., Henry, P. F., Schumacher, G., Escolástico, S., … Banhart, J. (2016). Nanoscale order in the frustrated mixed conductor La5.6WO12−δ. Journal of Applied Crystallography, 49(3), 997-1008. doi:10.1107/s1600576716006415Van Holt, D., Forster, E., Ivanova, M. E., Meulenberg, W. A., Müller, M., Baumann, S., & Vaßen, R. (2014). Ceramic materials for H2 transport membranes applicable for gas separation under coal-gasification-related conditions. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 34(10), 2381-2389. doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2014.03.001Forster, E., van Holt, D., Ivanova, M. E., Baumann, S., Meulenberg, W. A., & Müller, M. (2016). Stability of ceramic materials for H2 transport membranes in gasification environment under the influence of gas contaminants. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 36(14), 3457-3464. doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2016.05.021Medvedev, D., Lyagaeva, J., Plaksin, S., Demin, A., & Tsiakaras, P. (2015). Sulfur and carbon tolerance of BaCeO3–BaZrO3 proton-conducting materials. Journal of Power Sources, 273, 716-723. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.09.116Yang, L., Wang, S., Blinn, K., Liu, M., Liu, Z., Cheng, Z., & Liu, M. (2009). Enhanced Sulfur and Coking Tolerance of a Mixed Ion Conductor for SOFCs: BaZr 0.1 Ce 0.7 Y 0.2– x Yb x O 3–δ. Science, 326(5949), 126-129. doi:10.1126/science.1174811Duan, C., Kee, R. J., Zhu, H., Karakaya, C., Chen, Y., Ricote, S., … O’Hayre, R. (2018). Highly durable, coking and sulfur tolerant, fuel-flexible protonic ceramic fuel cells. Nature, 557(7704), 217-222. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0082-6Kreuer, K. D. (2003). Proton-Conducting Oxides. Annual Review of Materials Research, 33(1), 333-359. doi:10.1146/annurev.matsci.33.022802.091825Fantin, A., Scherb, T., Seeger, J., Schumacher, G., Gerhards, U., Ivanova, M. E., … Banhart, J. (2016). Crystal structure of Re-substituted lanthanum tungstate La5.4W1−y Re y O12–δ (0 ≤ y ≤ 0.2) studied by neutron diffraction. Journal of Applied Crystallography, 49(5), 1544-1560. doi:10.1107/s1600576716011523Fantin, A., Scherb, T., Seeger, J., Schumacher, G., Gerhards, U., Ivanova, M. E., … Banhart, J. (2017). Relation between composition and vacant oxygen sites in the mixed ionic-electronic conductors La5.4W1−MO12− (M= Mo, Re; 0 ≤y≤ 0.2) and their mother compound La6−WO12− (0.4 ≤x≤ 0.8). Solid State Ionics, 306, 104-111. doi:10.1016/j.ssi.2017.04.005J.M. Serra, S. Escolástico, M.E. Ivanova, W.A. Meulenberg, H.-P. Buchkremer, D. Stöver, US2013-0216938-A1, 2013.Escolastico, S., Seeger, J., Roitsch, S., Ivanova, M., Meulenberg, W. A., & Serra, J. M. (2013). Enhanced H2Separation through Mixed Proton-Electron Conducting Membranes Based on La5.5W0.8M0.2O11.25−δ. ChemSusChem, 6(8), 1523-1532. doi:10.1002/cssc.201300091Gil, V., Gurauskis, J., Kjølseth, C., Wiik, K., & Einarsrud, M.-A. (2013). Hydrogen permeation in asymmetric La28 − xW4 + xO54 + 3x/2 membranes. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 38(7), 3087-3091. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.12.105Palmqvist, L., Lindqvist, K., & Shaw, C. (2007). Porous Multilayer PZT Materials Made by Aqueous Tape Casting. Key Engineering Materials, 333, 215-218. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.333.215Menzler, N. H., Malzbender, J., Schoderböck, P., Kauert, R., & Buchkremer, H. P. (2013). Sequential Tape Casting of Anode-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. Fuel Cells, 14(1), 96-106. doi:10.1002/fuce.201300153Schulze-Küppers, F., Baumann, S., Tietz, F., Bouwmeester, H. J. M., & Meulenberg, W. A. (2014). Towards the fabrication of La0.98−xSrxCo0.2Fe0.8O3−δ perovskite-type oxygen transport membranes. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 34(15), 3741-3748. doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2014.06.012Weirich, M., Gurauskis, J., Gil, V., Wiik, K., & Einarsrud, M.-A. (2012). Preparation of lanthanum tungstate membranes by tape casting technique. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 37(9), 8056-8061. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.09.083Deibert, W., Schulze-Küppers, F., Forster, E., Ivanova, M. E., Müller, M., & Meulenberg, W. A. (2017). Stability and sintering of MgO as a substrate material for Lanthanum Tungstate membranes. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 37(2), 671-677. doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2016.09.033Escolástico, S., Vert, V. B., & Serra, J. M. (2009). Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Mixed Proton−Electronic Conducting Materials Based on the System Ln6WO12. Chemistry of Materials, 21(14), 3079-3089. doi:10.1021/cm900067kGil, V., Strøm, R. A., Groven, L. J., & Einarsrud, M.-A. (2012). La28−xW4+xO54+3x/2Powders Prepared by Spray Pyrolysis. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 95(11), 3403-3407. doi:10.1111/j.1551-2916.2012.05377.xIvanova, M. E., Meulenberg, W. A., Palisaitis, J., Sebold, D., Solís, C., Ziegner, M., … Guillon, O. (2015). Functional properties of La0.99X0.01Nb0.99Al0.01O4−δ and La0.99X0.01Nb0.99Ti0.01O4−δ proton conductors where X is an alkaline earth cation. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 35(4), 1239-1253. doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2014.11.009Dittmeyer, R., Boeltken, T., Piermartini, P., Selinsek, M., Loewert, M., Dallmann, F., … Pfeifer, P. (2017). Micro and micro membrane reactors for advanced applications in chemical energy conversion. Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering, 17, 108-125. doi:10.1016/j.coche.2017.08.001Mauer, G., Vaßen, R., & Stöver, D. (2009). Thin and Dense Ceramic Coatings by Plasma Spraying at Very Low Pressure. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 19(1-2), 495-501. doi:10.1007/s11666-009-9416-0Bakan, E., & Vaßen, R. (2017). Ceramic Top Coats of Plasma-Sprayed Thermal Barrier Coatings: Materials, Processes, and Properties. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 26(6), 992-1010. doi:10.1007/s11666-017-0597-7Jarligo, M. O., Mauer, G., Bram, M., Baumann, S., & Vaßen, R. (2013). Plasma Spray Physical Vapor Deposition of La1−x Sr x Co y Fe1−y O3−δ Thin-Film Oxygen Transport Membrane on Porous Metallic Supports. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 23(1-2), 213-219. doi:10.1007/s11666-013-0004-yMarcano, D., Mauer, G., Sohn, Y. J., Vaßen, R., Garcia-Fayos, J., & Serra, J. M. (2016). Controlling the stress state of La1−Sr Co Fe1−O3− oxygen transport membranes on porous metallic supports deposited by plasma spray–physical vapor process. Journal of Membrane Science, 503, 1-7. doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2015.12.029Marcano, D., Mauer, G., Vaßen, R., & Weber, A. (2017). Manufacturing of high performance solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) and plasma spray-physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD). Surface and Coatings Technology, 318, 170-177. doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2016.10.088D. Marcano, G. Mauer, Y.J. Sohn, A. Schwedt, M. Bram, M.E. Ivanova, R. Vaßen, Plasma spray-physical vapor deposition of single phase lanthanum tungstate for hydrogen gas separation membranes, t.b. submitted (2018).Brunauer, S., Emmett, P. H., & Teller, E. (1938). Adsorption of Gases in Multimolecular Layers. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 60(2), 309-319. doi:10.1021/ja01269a023Ried, P., Lorenz, C., Brönstrup, A., Graule, T., Menzler, N. H., Sitte, W., & Holtappels, P. (2008). Processing of YSZ screen printing pastes and the characterization of the electrolyte layers for anode supported SOFC. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 28(9), 1801-1808. doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2007.11.018R. Mücke, Sintering of ZrO2-electrolytes in multilayered assemblies of SOFC, PhD Thesis, Ruhr-University, Bochum, 2007.Amsif, M., Magrasó, A., Marrero-López, D., Ruiz-Morales, J. C., Canales-Vázquez, J., & Núñez, P. (2012). Mo-Substituted Lanthanum Tungstate La28–yW4+yO54+δ: A Competitive Mixed Electron–Proton Conductor for Gas Separation Membrane Applications. Chemistry of Materials, 24(20), 3868-3877. doi:10.1021/cm301723aDANIELS, A. U., LOWRIE, R. C., GIBBY, R. L., & CUTLER, I. B. (1962). Observations on Normal Grain Growth of Magnesia and Calcia. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 45(6), 282-285. doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1962.tb11145.

Platelet Transfusion Practices in Critically Ill Children

Rationale: The epidemiology, indications, and outcomes for critically ill children transfused red blood cells or plasma have been described recently in large multicenter studies. This information is not known regarding platelet transfusions in this population. Objectives: To describe the epidemiology, indications, and outcomes of platelet transfusions among critically ill children. Methods: This point-prevalence study was conducted in 82 pediatric intensive care units in 16 countries during six assigned weeks. All children included received a platelet transfusion prescribed during one of the screening days. Measurements and Main Results: During six weeks of screening, 16,934 patients were eligible, of whom 559 received at least one platelet transfusion (prevalence 3.3%). The indications for transfusion included prophylaxis in 67%, minor bleeding in 21% and major bleeding in 12%. Thirty-four percent of prophylactic platelet transfusions were prescribed when the platelet count was ≥ 50 x 109 cells/L. The median (IQR) change in platelet count was 48 x 109 cells/L (17-82) for major bleeding, 42 x 109 cells/L (16-80) for prophylactic transfusions, 38 x 109 cells/L (17-72) for minor bleeding, and 25 x 109 cells/L (10-47) for prophylaxis in patients at risk of bleeding from a device. Overall mortality for all patients was 25%. Conclusions: The majority of platelet transfusions prescribed are given as prophylaxis to non-bleeding children and significant variation in platelet thresholds exists. Studies are needed to clarify appropriate indications, with a particular focus on prophylactic transfusions

Postoperative Deterioration in Health Related Quality of Life as Predictor for Survival in Patients with Glioblastoma: A Prospective Study

BACKGROUND: Studies indicate that acquired deficits negatively affect patients' self-reported health related quality of life (HRQOL) and survival, but the impact of HRQOL deterioration after surgery on survival has not been explored. OBJECTIVE: Assess if change in HRQOL after surgery is a predictor for survival in patients with glioblastoma. METHODS: Sixty-one patients with glioblastoma were included. The majority of patients (n = 56, 91.8%) were operated using a neuronavigation system which utilizes 3D preoperative MRI and updated intraoperative 3D ultrasound volumes to guide resection. HRQOL was assessed using EuroQol 5D (EQ-5D), a generic instrument. HRQOL data were collected 1-3 days preoperatively and after 6 weeks. The mean change in EQ-5D index was -0.05 (95% CI -0.15-0.05) 6 weeks after surgery (p = 0.285). There were 30 patients (49.2%) reporting deterioration 6 weeks after surgery. In a Cox multivariate survival analysis we evaluated deterioration in HRQOL after surgery together with established risk factors (age, preoperative condition, radiotherapy, temozolomide and extent of resection). RESULTS: There were significant independent associations between survival and use of temozolomide (HR 0.30, p = 0.019), radiotherapy (HR 0.26, p = 0.030), and deterioration in HRQOL after surgery (HR 2.02, p = 0.045). Inclusion of surgically acquired deficits in the model did not alter the conclusion. CONCLUSION: Early deterioration in HRQOL after surgery is independently and markedly associated with impaired survival in patients with glioblastoma. Deterioration in patient reported HRQOL after surgery is a meaningful outcome in surgical neuro-oncology, as the measure reflects both the burden of symptoms and treatment hazards and is linked to overall survival