Sífilis terciária: neurossifilis parenquimatosa

Introdução: O aparecimento de novas infecções, nomeadamente o HIV, a sífilis como infecção secundária aumentou nos países desenvolvidos. Este artigo possui como objectivo apresentar um caso clinico de neurossifilis parenquimatosa.Caso clínico: Apresenta-se o caso clínico de um doente do sexo masculino com acentuada deterioração das capacidades físicas e mentais, sendo posteriormente diagnosticado com neurosifilis, secundária a uma infecção primária por HIV.Discussão: Diversos estudos têm demonstrado que apesar da taxa de prevalência da neurossífilis ser muito acentuada na era pré-antibióticos é, atualmente, menos prevalente que a sífilis primária nos países desenvolvidos. Todavia, associada à proliferação da infecção por HIV, a incidência tem aumentado, apresentando quadros clínicos mais complexos e de pior prognóstico.Conclusão: O aumento da incidência da sífilis terciária obriga a que os profissionais de saúde se encontrem mais sensibilizados para a problemática procurando efectuar diagnósticos precoces, evitando a evolução natural da doença e o aumento da mortalidade e morbilidade associadas

Lesões Faciais em Criança: Um Diagnóstico Desafiante

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Real fábrica de vidros de Coina – Chemical analysis of archaeological glass fragments

Actas do 17º Congresso da Associação Internacional para a História do Vidr

A review of publications in hair testing: 2020-2023

Comunicação apresentada no 27th Meeting of the Society of Hair Testing.Introduction and Aims: Since its first use until now, the relevance of hair in the toxicological expertise has evolved, mainly due to its advantages over traditional samples. Despite the fact that it is one of the most used alternative specimens, hair still presents important challenges. The objective of this study was to perform a bibliographic review of scientific publications on toxicological applications of hair testing between the years 2020 and 2023. Materials & Methods: The Scopus database was used for literature search, for papers published from 2020 to 2023 (10th April), and only articles written in English were considered. The search strings for terms included in the title, abstract or keywords were “hair testing” and “hair samples”. The papers were independently reviewed by four of the authors to determine their relevance in the context of this study. Results & Discussion: Taking into consideration these criteria and search strings, 218 articles were found, from which 18 were excluded since animal hair specimens had been used. The papers were classified according to type (e.g. review, research paper), analytes, extraction and clean-up approaches. Each paper could be placed under more than one category, except review papers (32 articles). Concerning analytes, the highest number of papers involved drugs of abuse (175, from which 45 involving new psychoactive substances), drugs (44) and alcohol biomarkers (17). Other biomarkers included hormones, endocannabinoids, etc. (44 papers, 25 of which involved cortisol). Most studies involve protein precipitation and direct injection (91), and only 12 studies address the issues of cosmetic treatments or drug adulterants. Conclusions: Hair testing is still mainly directed to the determination of drugs of abuse, and new psychoactive substances are still seldom included. Additionally, other applications are becoming more relevant, for instance the use of hair to determine biomarkers in some diseases.N/

3-bromopyruvate boosts the effect of chemotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia by reducing cell antioxidant defense

Single Cause Single Cure Foundation. Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) through the PhD grant (SFR/BD/146065/2019)NewG Lab Pharm

The Facial Reconstruction of a Mesolithic Dog, Muge, Portugal

This paper presents the facial reconstruction of a Mesolithic dog whose skeleton was recovered from the Muge shell middens (Portugal) in the 19th century. We used the anatomical deformation approach based on a collection of computer tomography images as an attempt to reconstruct the Muge dog’s head appearance. We faced a few challenges due to the level of bone displacement and the absence of some cranium anatomical parts, as well as accurate information on soft tissue thickness for modern dogs. This multidisciplinary study combined anatomical, veterinary, zooarchaeological, artistic and graphic aspects to allow for the facial reconstruction of the Muge dog. Albeit an approximation, it confers a recognition to this prehistoric finding.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Portuguese propolis antitumoral activity in melanoma involves ROS production and induction of apoptosis

Melanoma is the most aggressive and life-threatening skin cancer type. The melanoma genome is the most frequently mutated, with the BRAF mutation present in 40–60% of melanoma cases. BRAF-mutated melanomas are characterized by a higher aggressiveness and progression. Adjuvant targeted treatments, such as BRAF and MEK inhibitors, are added to surgical excision in BRAF-mutated metastatic melanomas to maximize treatment effectiveness. However, resistance remains the major therapeutic problem. Interest in natural products, like propolis, for therapeutic applications, has increased in the last years. Propolis healing proprieties offer great potential for the development of novel cancer drugs. As the activity of Portuguese propolis has never been studied in melanoma, we evaluated the antitumoral activity of propolis from Gerês (G18.EE) and its fractions (n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and n-butanol) in A375 and WM9 melanoma cell lines. Results from DPPH•/ABTS• radical scavenging assays indicated that the samples had relevant antioxidant activity, however, this was not confirmed in the cell models. G18.EE and its fractions decreased cell viability (SRB assay) and promoted ROS production (DHE/Mitotracker probes by flow cytometry), leading to activation of apoptotic signaling (expression of apoptosis markers). Our results suggest that the n-BuOH fraction has the potential to be explored in the pharmacological therapy of melanoma.Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)—projects UIDB/04050/2020, UDBI/04033/2020, UIDB/50026/2020, UIDP/50026/2020, UIDB/50006/2020, UIDP/50006/2020, and by the project NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000055, supported by the Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). S.P.C., C.B.M. and A.S.F. are recipients of FCT grants (2020.05779.BD, SFRH/BD/145955/2019, and PD/BD/128276/2017, respectively

Perspective From Psychiatry Experts

Funding Information: SS is an employee of Janssen-Cilag Farmacêutica Lda. MF is an employee of CTI Clinical Trial and Consulting Services. The remaining authors received advisory board fees from Janssen-Cilag Farmacêutica Lda. AO-M was the national coordinator for Portugal of a non-interventional study EDMS-ERI-143085581, 4.0 to characterize a Treatment-Resistant Depression Cohort in Europe, sponsored by Janssen-Cilag, Ltd. 2019–2020; is the recipient of a grant from Schuhfried GmBH for norming and validation of cognitive tests; and is the national coordinator for Portugal of trials of psilocybin therapy for treatment-resistant depression, sponsored by Compass Pathways, Ltd. EudraCT numbers 2017-003288-36 and 2020-001348-25, and of esketamine for treatment-resistant depression, sponsored by Janssen-Cilag, Ltd. EudraCT Number: 2019-002992-33. Janssen had no influence on the interpretation of results. This manuscript presents the opinion of the psychiatry experts only. Funding Information: Support for third-party advisory board logistics and writing assistance, provided by CTI Clinical Trial and Consulting Services, was funded by Janssen-Cilag Farmacêutica Lda in accordance with Good Publication Practice (GPP3) guidelines. Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2022 Bessa, Carvalho, Cunha, Fernandes, Matos-Pires, Neves, Oliveira-Maia, Santos and Santos.Guidance about treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in Portugal is very limited, even though depression prevalence is among the highest in European countries. A questionnaire was conducted, followed by two advisory boards with seven Portuguese psychiatry experts, to characterize and discuss MDD and TRD epidemiology, diagnosis, patient journey, treatment options, and unmet clinical needs. Consensus was reached on the main issues. In daily practice, TRD can be defined as moderate to severe MDD episodes with insufficient clinical improvement after two antidepressant treatments, taken in adequate doses and duration. TRD diagnosis and treatment are mostly decided by psychiatrists at public hospitals. Treatment type and duration must be adjusted to characteristics of the patient and the depressive episode, including symptoms, number of previous episodes, comorbidities, and previous treatment response and side effects. The most relevant objectives of TRD treatment are reaching response and remission, prevention of suicide, and improvement of quality of life, functionality, and wellbeing. Regarding pharmacotherapy, antidepressant switch occurs more frequently with non-response, while optimization, combination, and augmentation are considered for patients with partial response. Psychotherapy should be considered in parallel to pharmacological treatment. Brain stimulation techniques are underused. Lifelong treatment is required for recurrent or more chronic TRD episodes, but patient adherence is also poorer in these cases. In Portugal, TRD management is limited by lack of access to specialist care and to many treatment options. These aspects highlight that conventional pharmacotherapy does not lead to remission in many patients and that optimization strategies are frequently necessary to achieve satisfactory treatment outcomes.publishersversionpublishe

INOVAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA E CARGAS DE TRABALHO DOS PROFISSIONAIS DE SAÚDE: uma relação ambígua

Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa com objetivo de rastrear a produção científica acerca da influência da inovação tecnológica nas cargas de trabalho dos profissionais de saúde. Selecionou-se 57 publicações nas bases de interesse de 2004 a 2009. Predominaram as pesquisas de campo com abordagem qualitativa, realizadas em hospitais. Nenhum estudo teve por objetivo relacionar inovação tecnológica e cargas de trabalho. Nos estudos sobre inovação tecnológica destacaram-se publicações sobre tecnologias de informação e comunicação e novas formas de organização do trabalho; no tema cargas de trabalho predominaram estudos sobre condições promotoras de estresse e Burnout. Os achados mostraram que as inovações influenciam as cargas de trabalho de modo ambíguo, podendo aumentá-las ou diminuí-las

TRATAMENTO DA COVID-19 -PROTOCOLOS ATUAIS E PERSPECTIVAS FUTURAS

Considering the relevance of covid-19 today, this study aimed to point out the main drugs that have become the target of study and clinical use in the treatment of the disease. The literature narrative review methodology on treatments previously tested for covid-19 was used, bringing together the most relevant and robust studies on each drug. Of the drugs evaluated, some had a positive influence on the healing time and reduction of symptoms caused by the disease. Among the drugs studied, remdesivir was the most prominent, reducing the time spent in the ICU and also the mortality rate. Heparin had a great positive influence linked to cases with a tendency to develop thrombosis. Dexamethasone demonstrated the power to reduce the chance of mortality and ivermectin acted in reducing the duration of the disease. Other drugs such as Azithromycin and Hydroxychloroquine have not been shown to be effective in studies of greater relevance and no data has been found to justify their use for the treatment of Covid-19. Despite the small amount of data to prove its effect against Covid-19, have shown positive potential and reduced the length of stay of patients in the hospital. To date, no specific medications have been approved to treat covid-19. The treatment of the disease focuses mainly on supportive care. However, Our bibliographic research has shown that some protocols demonstrate a positive outcome when compared to treatment without the use of any drugs.Teniendo en cuenta la relevancia de covid-19 hoy en día, este estudio tenía como objetivo señalar los principales fármacos que se convirtieron en el objetivo de estudio y uso clínico en el tratamiento de la enfermedad. Utilizamos la metodología de revisión narrativa de la literatura sobre los tratamientos probados hasta ahora para el covid-19, donde se reunieron los estudios de mayor relevancia y robustez en cada fármaco. De los medicamentos evaluados, algunos tuvieron una influencia positiva en el tiempo de curación y disminución de los síntomas causados por la enfermedad. Entre los fármacos estudiados, el remdesivir fue el más destacado, reduciendo el tiempo empleado en la UCI y también la tasa de mortalidad. La heparina mostró una gran influencia positiva relacionada con casos con tendencia a desarrollar trombosis. Dhashasone mostró poder para reducir las posibilidades de mortalidad e ivermectina actuó en la reducción de la duración de la enfermedad. Otros medicamentos como la azitromicina y la hidroxicloroquina no fueron eficaces en estudios de mayor relevancia y no se encontraron datos que justificaran su uso para el tratamiento de Covid-19.  A pesar de la pequeña cantidad de datos que demuestran su efecto contra Covid-19, los interferones presentaron un potencial positivo y redujeron la duración de la estancia de los pacientes en el hospital. Hasta la fecha, no se ha aprobado ningún medicamento específico para tratar el covid-19. El tratamiento de la enfermedad se centra principalmente en la atención de apoyo. Considerando a relevância da covid-19 na atualidade, este trabalho teve como objetivo apontar as principais drogas que se tornaram alvo de estudo e uso clínico no tratamento da doença. Foi utilizada a metodologia de revisão narrativa da literatura sobre os tratamentos até então testados para a covid-19, onde se reuniu os estudos de maior relevância e robustez sobre cada medicamento. Das drogas avaliadas, algumas apresentaram influência positiva no tempo de cura e diminuição dos sintomas causados pela doença. Dentre os medicamentos estudados, o remdesivir foi o de maior destaque, reduzindo o tempo de permanecia na UTI e também a taxa de mortalidade. A heparina, apresentou grande influência positiva ligada aos casos com tendência ao desenvolvimento de trombose. A dexametasona demonstrou poder de redução da chance de mortalidade e a ivermectina atuou na redução do tempo de duração da doença. Outras drogas como Azitromicina e Hidroxicloroquina não se mostraram eficazes nos estudos de maior relevância e não foram encontrados dados que justificassem seu uso para o tratamento da Covid-19.  Apesar da pouca quantidade de dados que comprovem seu efeito contra a Covid-19, os interferons apresentaram potencial positivo e   reduziram o tempo de permanência dos pacientes no hospital. Até o momento, nenhum medicamento específico foi aprovado para tratar a covid-19. O tratamento da doença se concentra principalmente nos cuidados de suporte. Contudo, nossa pesquisa bibliográfica evidenciou que alguns protocolos medicamentosos apresentaram um desfecho positivo quando comparado ao tratamento sem a utilização de nenhum fármaco