Dynamic Compaction of Amorphous Co_<70.3>Fe_<4.7>Si_<15>B_<10> Alloy Powders Obtained by a Cavitation Method

Amorphous Co_Fe_Si_B_ alloy powders prepared by a cavitation method were dynamically compacted by using a propellant gun. The compacts retained amorphism when they were formed under shock pressures below 8GPa. The highest degree of compaction gave a density of 7.67 Mg/m^3 or 99.6% of that of the amorphous ribbons. After proper heat-treatment, the compact of 0.13mm thick gave a coercive force of 10mOe and a permeability at 100Hz of 12000. Further annealing in rotating magnetic field was found to make the permeability higher. An evident effect of powder size on the soft magnetic properties of compacted powders was also found

Editorial-The 4th International Workshop on Modeling the Ocean (IWMO 2012)

The 4th International Workshop on Modeling the Ocean (IWMO; http://www.jamstec.go.jp/frcgc/jcope/htdocs/e/ iwmo2012.html) was held on May 21–24, 2012 in the vibrant city of Yokohama on the Tokyo Bay, Japan. The Workshop was hosted by Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)—the home of the famous “Earth Simulator”—one of the world\u27s most powerful supercomputers dedicated for simulating the complex interactive processes of the earth and its environment

Multiple causes of interannual sea surface temperature variability in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean

The eastern equatorial Atlantic Ocean is subject to interannual fluctuations of sea surface temperatures, with climatic impacts on the surrounding continents. The dynamic mechanism underlying Atlantic temperature variability is thought to be similar to that of the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the equatorial Pacific, where air-sea coupling leads to a positive feedback between surface winds in the western basin, sea surface temperature in the eastern basin, and equatorial oceanic heat content. Here we use a suite of observational data, climate reanalysis products, and general circulation model simulations to reassess the factors driving the interannual variability. We show that some of the warm events can not be explained by previously identified equatorial wind stress forcing and ENSO-like dynamics. Instead, these events are driven by a mechanism in which surface wind forcing just north of the equator induces warm ocean temperature anomalies that are subsequently advected toward the equator. We find the surface wind patterns are associated with long-lived subtropical sea surface temperature anomalies and suggest they therefore reflect a link between equatorial and subtropical Atlantic variability

RAMA : the Research Moored Array for African–Asian–Australian Monsoon Analysis and Prediction

Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2009. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 90 (2009):459-480, doi:10.1175/2008BAMS2608.1.The Indian Ocean is unique among the three tropical ocean basins in that it is blocked at 25°N by the Asian landmass. Seasonal heating and cooling of the land sets the stage for dramatic monsoon wind reversals, strong ocean–atmosphere interactions, and intense seasonal rains over the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, East Africa, and Australia. Recurrence of these monsoon rains is critical to agricultural production that supports a third of the world's population. The Indian Ocean also remotely influences the evolution of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), North American weather, and hurricane activity. Despite its importance in the regional and global climate system though, the Indian Ocean is the most poorly observed and least well understood of the three tropical oceans. This article describes the Research Moored Array for African–Asian–Australian Monsoon Analysis and Prediction (RAMA), a new observational network designed to address outstanding scientific questions related to Indian Ocean variability and the monsoons. RAMA is a multinationally supported element of the Indian Ocean Observing System (IndOOS), a combination of complementary satellite and in situ measurement platforms for climate research and forecasting. The article discusses the scientific rationale, design criteria, and implementation of the array. Initial RAMA data are presented to illustrate how they contribute to improved documentation and understanding of phenomena in the region. Applications of the data for societal benefit are also described

Supplement to RAMA : the Research Moored Array for African-Asian-Australian Monsoon Analysis and Prediction

Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2009. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 90 (2009): ES5-ES8, doi:10.1175/2008BAMS2608.2

Dispersion of Artificial Caesium-134 and -137 in the Western North Pacific One Month After the Fukushima Accident

In March 2011, an accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (FNPP) was caused by the Tohoku earthquake and tsunami. Here we show the distribution of artificial caesium-134 and -137 (134Cs and 137Cs) in the western North Pacific one month after the FNPP accident. In surface seawater, 137Cs concentrations were from several times to two orders of magnitude higher than before the FNPP accident. 134Cs was also detected, and in many seawater samples the 134Cs/137Cs ratio was about 1. These findings indicate that radionuclides from the FNPP dispersed quickly in the western North Pacific. 134Cs and 137Cs concentrations in suspended solids and zooplankton at stations K2 and S1 were also one to two orders higher than before the accident. Numerical simulation results show that the higher caesium observed in the western North Pacific one month after the FNPP accident was transported not only by diffusion and advection of seawater but also via the atmosphere as an aerosol.Abstract presented at Ocean Sciences Meeting 2012, the Oceanography Society, ASLO, AGU, Salt Lake City, Utah, Feb. 20-24, 201