Crotalaria and millet as alternative controls of root-knot nematodes infecting okra

The relationship of crops grown in rotation or in succession has increased every day and the use of antagonistic plants and/or non-host plants is one of the most efficient practices of integrated management of nematodes. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of crotalaria (Crotalaria spectabilis Roth) and millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) Leeke] ‘ADR 300’ in reducing the population of Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica and in increasing the productivity of okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] when cultivated in succession. The experiment was conducted in an area cultivating okra (host culture) in rotation, with a history of severe infestation by phytonematoids. The experimental design involved randomized blocks with six treatments and four replicates, with the following treatments: T1, 15 kg.ha-1 of millet seeds; T2, 30 kg.ha-1 of crotalaria; T3, 10 kg.ha-1 of millet + 20 kg.ha-1 of crotalaria; T4, 20 kg.ha-1 of millet + 6 kg.ha-1  of crotalaria; T5, 6 kg.ha-1 of millet + 36 kg.ha-1 of crotalaria; and T6, control. The nematode populations in the soil and roots were evaluated about 60 d after planting okra, and the yield was evaluated at the end of the crop cycle. Simple treatment with millet or crotalaria reduced the nematode population by 61% and 72%, respectively. The millet-crotalaria intercropping treatments reduced the nematode population by up to 85% compared with the control. In terms of productivity, there was an increase of 787 kg.ha-1 in the millet treatment and 2,109 kg.ha-1 in the intercropping treatments. Both the single cultivation of crotalaria or millet and the consortia of crotalaria and millet were effective in controlling the root-knot nematodes, and increased the productivity of okra

Quality of life of caregivers of overweight or obese children and adolescents

This study evaluated the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of caregivers of overweight and obese children and adolescents. Three-hundred and sixty caregives of children and adolescents (ages ranging from 9 to 12 years) diagnosed with overweight (n = 96; average age 11.1 years), obesity (n = 62; average age 10.9 years) and eutrophy (n = 202; average age 10.7 years), regular students of public and private schools in Uberlandia (Minas Gerais), were invited to answer The 36 item Short Form Questionnaire (SF-36). The scores obtained were compared according to the body mass index (BMI) of the children and adolescents, and no significant differences were found between caregivers of overweight, obese and etrophic children and adolescents. Hence, there is no harm to the HRQL of caregivers of overweight and obese children and adolescents.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, BrazilHosp Forcas Armadas, Brasilia, DF, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Primary Healthcare Nursing Dept, Nutr Program, Sch Nursing, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Uberlandia, Sch Math, BR-38400 Uberlandia, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Uberlandia, Hosp Clin, BR-38400 Uberlandia, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Uberlandia, Program Med, Sch Med, BR-38400 Uberlandia, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Uberlandia, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, BR-38400 Uberlandia, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Indoor Dust as a Source of Virulent Strains of the Agents of Cryptococcosis in the Rio Negro Micro-Region of the Brazilian Amazon.

Cryptococcosis, a potentially fatal mycosis in humans, is acquired via exposure to exogenous environmental sources. This study aimed to investigate the frequency, genetic diversity, and virulence of cryptococcal strains isolated from indoor dust in the Rio Negro micro-region of the Brazilian Amazon. A total of 8.9% of the studied houses were positive, recovering nine Cryptococcus neoformans VNI and 16 C. gattii VGII isolates, revealing an endemic pattern in domestic microenvironments. The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology (ISHAM) consensus multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme for the C. neoformans/C. gattii species complexes identified two sequence types (STs), ST93 and ST5, amongst C. neoformans isolates and six STs amongst C. gattii isolates, including the Vancouver Island Outbreak ST7 (VGIIa) and ST20 (VGIIb), the Australian ST5, and ST264, ST268 and ST445, being unique to the studied region. Virulence studies in the Galleria mellonella model showed that five C. gattii strains and one C. neoformans strain showed a similar pathogenic potential to the highly virulent Vancouver Island outbreak strain CDR265 (VGIIa). The findings of this study indicate that humans can be exposed to the agents of cryptococcosis via house dust, forming the basis for future studies to analyze the impact of early and continuous exposure to indoor dust on the development of subclinical or clinical infections

Anestesia em Jacaré-americano (Alligator mississipiensis) para Amputação de Membro

Background: The knowledge of secure anesthetic protocols for reptiles is very important, especially because they are aggressive species and they have peculiar physiology, unpredictable reactions to the same drug in different environmental conditions and different physiological responses can be observed. The anesthetic protocol aims immobilization, analgesia and muscle relaxation for adequate, safe and easily reversible anesthesia. Few reports have been described on anesthesia in animals and, before that, the objective of this study is to report the anesthetic protocol that was used and vital parameters monitoring in an Alligator mississipiensis that was submitted to surgery for limb amputation.Case: A female American alligator was attended, with about 8-year-old, 2 m long and 268,964 pounds, with fight history with other animal six months ago, resulting in a wound in the right toracic limb. When the lesion occurred, it was the breeding season of the species, so we chose not to perform the treatment at that time. An X-ray of the member was performed, which showed, among other changes, osteomyelitis and septic arthritis. Thus, the limb amputation was indicated. Ketamine association (10 mg/kg) and medetomidine (0.1 mg/kg) were used as anestesic premedication, both administered intramuscularly. For anesthetic induction, propofol (4 mg/kg) intravenously was used. The animal was intubated using an endotracheal tube number 11 without inflating the cuffing, and for the maintenance it was employed isoflurane. The heart rate was measured using Doppler and the respiratory rate by visual and balloon observation in the oxygen circular system. The other parameters were measured using a multiparameter monitor sensor connected to the tongue. The local anesthetic block was made close to the incision line, the medium third humerus with 2 mg/kg of 2% lidocaine without vasoconstrictor, diluted in 0.9% NaCl until the volume of 10 mL is completed to assist in analgesia. The parameters recorded during the procedure, which lasted 80 min, remained within the normal pattern of species (three breaths per minute, 30 heart beats per min and 80.6°F temperature). After surgery meloxicam (0.2 mg/kg) and atipamezole reverser (0.5 mg/kg) were administered, both intramuscularly. The animal took about seven hours to fully return from anesthesia.Discussion: Different anesthetics protocols may be employed to crocodilians using both local anesthetic techniques and general, in order to promote analgesia, muscle relaxation and adequate anesthesia. Still, it is very important to monitor the patient during the procedure, in order to be a different physiology kind of species. Cardiac auscultation is quite difficult in these animals, so it is recommended to use non-invasive electronic equipment as the Doppler, the multiparameter monitor, the pulse oximeter and esophageal stethoscope for assistance in monitoring heart and respiratory rate, providing important trans-operative information. The realization of amputations in crocodilians is common, however there are few reports in the literature about their anesthesia, this way, this article has a significant contribution to a better anesthetic protocol clarification to be used in these animals. Therefore, it is concluded that the anesthetic protocol based on premedication with ketamine and medetomindina, propofol induction and maintenance with isoflurane, besides local anesthesia with lidocaine was effective and safe for thoracic limb amputation surgery in an American alligator

SUPPLEMENTATION WITH OZONIZED WATER DOES NOT ALTER THE CLINICAL, ANTHROPOMETRIC, AND OXIDATIVE STRESS PROFILE IN APPARENTLY HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS

Avaliar o efeito da suplementação isolada de água ozonizada com baixa concentração no perfil clínico, antropométrico e inflamatório de indivíduos aparentemente saudáveis. Um estudo clínico randomizado, duplo-cego, controlado por placebo para avaliar os efeitos da suplementação de água ozonizada em duas concentrações (10µg / dia e 16µg / dia) em 7 dias. Inclusos 66 homens e mulheres, maiores de 18 anos. Os parâmetros antropométricos e clínicos foram medidos, os níveis séricos de óxido nítrico, superóxido dismutase de manganês e glutationa peroxidase foram avaliados no soro por ELISA. Com idade média de 24,2 anos, composto por 54,2% do sexo masculino, 35,4% faziam terapia hormonal e apenas 31,2% conheciam água ozonizada. As características antropométricas, clínicas e inflamatória dos participantes do estudo não apresentaram interação do tempo por grupo (p> 0,05). A suplementação de água ozonizada em indivíduos aparentemente saudáveis ​​não tem efeitos nos parâmetros antropométricos, clínicos e de estresse oxidativo.  Avaliar o efeito da suplementação isolada de água ozonizada com baixa concentração no perfil clínico, antropométrico e inflamatório de indivíduos aparentemente saudáveis. Um estudo clínico randomizado, duplo-cego, controlado por placebo para avaliar os efeitos da suplementação de água ozonizada em duas concentrações (10µg / dia e 16µg / dia) em 7 dias. Inclusos 66 homens e mulheres, maiores de 18 anos. Os parâmetros antropométricos e clínicos foram medidos, os níveis séricos de óxido nítrico, superóxido dismutase de manganês e glutationa peroxidase foram avaliados no soro por ELISA. Com idade média de 24,2 anos, composto por 54,2% do sexo masculino, 35,4% faziam terapia hormonal e apenas 31,2% conheciam água ozonizada. As características antropométricas, clínicas e inflamatória dos participantes do estudo não apresentaram interação do tempo por grupo (p> 0,05). A suplementação de água ozonizada em indivíduos aparentemente saudáveis ​​não tem efeitos nos parâmetros antropométricos, clínicos e de estresse oxidativo. &nbsp

Pedagogia hospitalar: saúde e educação unidas pela garantia do direito educacional de crianças hospitalizadas / Hospital pedagogy: health and education united for the guarantee of the educational law of hospitalized children

Os efeitos da educação para a criança vão desde seu desenvolvimento como pessoa e cidadão até o alcance de questões psicológicas. A pedagogia hospitalar é um processo alternativo de educação continuada que ultrapassa o contexto formal da escola e leva em consideração o atendimento ao educando em processo de hospitalização. Sendo assim, essa pesquisa teve como objetivo a produção científica acerca da pedagogia hospitalar com foco no público infantil. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, realizada no Portal de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, utilizando os descritores “Hospital Pedagogy” e “Child, Hospitalized” no período de 2008 a 2018. Considerou-se os seguintes critérios de exclusão: artigos repetidos, revisões, editoriais, artigos de reflexão e aqueles que não estavam disponíveis na íntegra. Foram encontrados um total de 118 artigos, sendo selecionados sete para compor esta revisão. Observou-se que a pedagogia hospitalar se desenvolve em expansão por todo o mundo, porém percebe-se a necessidade de novos estudos sobre essa temática. Esta modalidade de ensino possibilita a continuidade do ensino de crianças e adolescentes hospitalizados, contribuindo para vários aspectos de seu desenvolvimento. Possibilita a interação social e a redução do medo e da ansiedade causados pela hospitalização. Percebe-se a necessidade da integração entre profissionais da saúde e pedagogas para o fortalecimento da pedagogia educacional

Applying the Maternal Near Miss Approach for the Evaluation of Quality of Obstetric Care: A Worked Example from a Multicenter Surveillance Study

Objective. To assess quality of care of women with severe maternal morbidity and to identify associated factors. Method. This is a national multicenter cross-sectional study performing surveillance for severe maternal morbidity, using the World Health Organization criteria. the expected number of maternal deaths was calculated with the maternal severity index (MSI) based on the severity of complication, and the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for each center was estimated. Analyses on the adequacy of care were performed. Results. 17 hospitals were classified as providing adequate and 10 as nonadequate care. Besides almost twofold increase in maternal mortality ratio, the main factors associated with nonadequate performance were geographic difficulty in accessing health services (P < 0.001), delays related to quality of medical care (P = 0.012), absence of blood derivatives (P = 0.013), difficulties of communication between health services (P = 0.004), and any delay during the whole process (P = 0.039). Conclusions. This is an example of how evaluation of the performance of health services is possible, using a benchmarking tool specific to Obstetrics. in this study the MSI was a useful tool for identifying differences in maternal mortality ratios and factors associated with nonadequate performance of care.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Univ Campinas UNICAMP, Sch Med Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, BR-13083881 Campinas, SP, BrazilCtr Res Reprod Hlth Campinas Cemicamp, BR-13083888 Campinas, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, BrazilSch Med Sci, CISAM, Recife, PE, BrazilUniv Fed Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilUniv Fed Bahia, Salvador, BA, BrazilHosp Geral Cesar Cals, Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilHosp Geral Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilMaternidade Odete Valadares, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilHosp Materno Infantil, Goiania, Go, BrazilInst Materno Infantil Pernambuco, Recife, PE, BrazilUniv Fed Pernambuco, Recife, PE, BrazilUniv Fed Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, BrazilUniv Fed Maranhao, Sao Luis, MA, BrazilUniv Fed Parana, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, BrazilUniv Fed Paraiba, BR-58059900 Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, BrazilHosp Maternidade Fernando Magalhaes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniv Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilHosp Maternidade Celso Pierro, Campinas, SP, BrazilInst Fernandes Figueira Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilHosp Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, BrazilUniv State São Paulo, Botucatu, SP, BrazilJundiai Sch Med, Jundiai, SP, BrazilUniv São Paulo, BR-14049 Ribeirao Preto, SP, BrazilSanta Casa Limeira, Limeira, SP, BrazilSanta Casa Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, SP, BrazilMaternidade Leonor Mendes de Barros, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilCNPq: 402702/2008-5Web of Scienc