Impacto antrópico sobre el recurso hídrico en cuencas del noreste de la provincia de Buenos Aires

Fil: Trovatto, María Marta. Cátedra de Hidrogeología. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, María del Pilar. Cátedra de Hidrogeología. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Cipponeri, Marcos. UIDET Gestión Ambiental. Departamento de Hidráulica de la Facultad de Ingeniería. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Salvioli, Mónica Laura. UIDET Gestión Ambiental. Departamento de Hidráulica de la Facultad de Ingeniería. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Calvo, Gabriela. UIDET Gestión Ambiental. Departamento de Hidráulica de la Facultad de Ingeniería. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentin

Differences in the economic growth of Latin American countries. Integration effects and foreign direct investment influence

RESUMEN. This paper tries to explain the wide range of economic experiences among Latin American countries taking into account the role of capital formation and foreign direct investment (FDI) as a drive engine of growth. We design a model in which FDI generates endogenous, non zero growth. In particular, FDI brings about growth because it facilitates the entry of intermediate goods of more advanced technology in the host country. In contrast, if the entrance of FDI is obstructed or precluded by policy measures in the host country, the growth rate of the latter will be smaller or even zero. Integration enables countries to exchange more varieties of goods and eases technological diffusion through FDI. The predictions are tested empirically using GMM technique in a panel data performed by 18 Latin American countries over the period 1970-2000. The estimations suggest that Latin America?s growth rates are positively related to a more open attitude and to a greater integration in international markets. However, the empirical analysis also points out to the need of a certain degree of social capacity to ensure a successful integration. Finally, the empirical exercise confirms the positive connection between FDI and growth predicted by the model.ABSTRACT. El objetivo del presente trabajo es doble: en primer lugar, desarrollar un modelo de crecimiento endógeno que analice la influencia de la inversión extranjera directa en el crecimiento del PIB per cápita en términos reales de una economía en desarrollo; y, en segundo lugar, contrastar de forma empírica si la inversión extranjera ha contribuido al crecimiento del producto en América Latina teniendo en cuenta las diferencias entre países. Con este fin, se desarrolla un modelo de crecimiento endógeno que se aplica a dos escenarios: una economía abierta que permite la entrada de capitales foráneos y una economía cerrada que no autoriza la entrada de tales capitales. El crecimiento es mayor en el primero de los escenarios, y su motor es la inversión extranjera, que coexiste con el capital local. En el análisis empírico se utiliza la metodología de datos de panel con el fin de estudiar el efecto de la IDE en el crecimiento económico latinoamericano durante el periodo 1970-2000, y se explora en qué medida una mayor libertad económica y un entorno institucional adecuado han contribuido al crecimiento económico de América Latina

Los hábitos deportivos de los adolescentes y el conocimiento de su entorno de práctica como justificación de la necesidad de implantar un proyecto de orientación deportiva en un instituto

El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en averiguar los hábitos deportivos y el conocimiento que tienen los adolescentes de los deportes que pueden practicar en su entorno, para justificar la necesidad de realizar un proyecto de orientación deportiva en los institutos. La muestra se compone 95 estudiantes, 41 mujeres y 54 hombres, de tercero de la ESO del Colegio Cristo Rey (Zaragoza). Todos ellos cumplimentaron un cuestionario acerca de los hábitos deportivos, los motivos de posible abandono, la influencia de la asignatura de Educación Física a la hora de realizar actividad física, la promoción que da esta del deporte, y el conocimiento de los deportes que se pueden practicar en su entorno. Los resultados mostraron que no se cumplen las recomendaciones de actividad física propuestas por los organismos de salud. Además, se observan diferencias significativas de práctica respecto al género en cuanto a la cantidad de deporte realizado y la necesidad de conocer nuevos lugares de práctica ya que muchos no saben dónde llevarla cabo. La falta de promoción en muchas ocasiones y la falta de motivación por parte de los agentes que componen el sistema deportivo hacen que los adolescentes abandonen la práctica. Por esto se justifica la necesidad de realizar una propuesta de un proyecto de orientación deportiva desde la asignatura de Educación Física, con el que los alumnos obtengan más información acerca de lugares donde llevar a cabo diferentes prácticas deportivas con el fin aumentar sus horas de actividad física y que esto no suponga un problema de salud que pueda repercutir en un futuro en la calidad de sus vidas.<br /

La importancia de las intervenciones educativas para la mejora de los niveles de actividad física en adolescentes: análisis de un programa recreos activos y propuestas de mejora

El TFM se integra dentro de la modalidad A referido a un análisis crítico acerca de un caso real en un centro de Educación Secundaria. En este se lleva a cabo un programa de recreos activos con el objetivo de que los alumnos realicen actividad física durante esta franja horaria para favorecer el disfrute y crear experiencias positivas con el fin de que adquieran hábitos de actividad física para realizar en su tiempo libre. En primer lugar, se lleva a cabo una revisión bibliográfica donde se refleja la situación actual de los adolescentes respecto a los bajos niveles de actividad física, los diferentes tipos de proyectos sobre recreos activos y donde se destaca la importancia de intervenir a nivel de centro para contribuir a la mejora de estos. Seguidamente, se procede al análisis del caso en concreto, para observar la capacidad de influencia y satisfacción que supone para los alumnos la participación en actividades que mejoren sus hábitos saludables, en este caso, en el contexto de los recreos activos.<br /

Assessing the agronomic and environmental effects of the application of cattle manure compost on soil by multivariate methods

[EN] Multivariate analysis was used for interpreting data from a pot experiment using samples of three Spanish soils. Samples of soil fertilized with compost were compared with untreated control samples. We also compared the effect of adding the compost to soil with a controlled moisture content of 50% of its water holding capacity (WHC), and to a near-saturated soil (95% WHC). Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were used; they perfectly differentiated sample groups both as a function of the treatment applied and by sampling date. The compost samples were characterized by higher pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM) content and cation exchange capacity (CEC), together with nutrient concentrations than the control pots. The pots with a soil–compost mixture at 95% WHC presented lower values of EC, CEC, inorganic N, K, Na and B than the mixtures at 50% WHC. Multivariate methods may therefore be useful for the analysis and interpretation of a large number of data in soil researchS

Attitudes of Spanish LGBTI+ Adolescents and Emerging Adults. : Cultural and Political Practices Among 16 to 29-year-old Non-cis-hetero People

Never in Spain’s history have sexual minorities enjoyed the current rights. However, LGBTIphobic rhetoric displayed by extreme-right activism threats the gains made. An online survey among LGBTI+ people between 16 and 29 years was conducted. 152 people answered. Results show that Spanish LGBTI+ youth is mostly prone to activism, they were quite informed about legal initiatives and they mostly think that LGBTI+ people continue to suffer discrimination, the group of friends and peers appears to be the safest context and teachers seem to fail on the duty of help LGBTI+ young people. Additionally, LGBTI+ young people often use inclusive language, especially in casual context, and they seek referents in social media, where they follow influencers who openly declared themselves part of the LGBTI+ collective. The study serves as an example of the changing cultural and political practices of non-cis-hetero youth in a society moving fast towards equality but attending the raising of regressive movements

Calisto, a software for the construction of political discourse

This paper addresses an aspect not yet investigated in Spanish political communication: the use of data mining systems and machine learning in the construction of political discourse. This text details the potential of Calisto software, which was designed and implemented by the Popular Party (PP), previously used in Castile and Leon and then at the national level. This software acts as a digital political advisor and is currently used by 7,500 positions and party members. The program tracks information on the internet to identify the most relevant sources. In addition, its natural language processing generates ideas and arguments that politicians use to construct their speech. This article explores the benefits of this tool and its ability to automate processes that previously consumed large doses of effort by managers and consultants, and also reflects on the highly controlled model that this type of system imposes in the public arena

Uso problemático del móvil y diferencias de género en formación profesional

Versión en castellano e inglésEl uso del teléfono móvil entre la población estudiantil española ha sido ampliamente analizado, pero se ha centrado en muestras universitarias, de secundaria o de primaria. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar el uso del teléfono móvil, sus diferencias de género y su relación con el trastorno por juego en Internet y por juego de azar en Internet en el alumnado de Formación Profesional (FP). Se realizó un estudio ex post facto retrospectivo en el que se evaluaron usos habituales del teléfono móvil, experiencias relacionadas con el mismo, el trastorno por juego en Internet y el juego patológico en línea. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 1107 estudiantes de FP (55.1% varones) con una edad media de 18.8 años. El 7.9% de la muestra hacía un uso problemático del móvil y el 28.6% un uso con problemas ocasionales. Se observaron diferencias de género, con un uso más problemático entre las mujeres. Según el análisis de regresión, usar el móvil en horas lectivas, ser mujer y usuaria de películas y videojuegos fueron las variables que mejor diferenciaban aquellos participantes que presentaron un uso problemático. Para aquellos participantes que empleaban el móvil con las finalidades de juegos de azar y videojuegos, ambos en Internet, la variable que mejor diferenciaba la presencia de problemas con el uso del teléfono móvil fue el uso del mismo para jugar a videojuegos en línea. Si bien la prevalencia de problemas frecuentes con el uso del móvil es relativamente baja, el porcentaje de alumnado en riesgo no debe dejar indiferente a la comunidad educativa. Se sugiere fomentar el uso adecuado de las tecnologías en el alumnado de FP prestando especial consideración a las diferencias de género encontradas.Smartphone use by young Spanish students has been broadly explored, specifically among university, high school, and primary school students. The goal of this article is to analyze smartphone use, its gender differences, and its relationship with Internet gaming disorder and Internet gambling disorder in vocational education and training (VET) students. A retrospective ex post facto study was carried out in which habitual uses of the mobile phone, experiences related to it, Internet gaming disorder, and online pathological gambling were evaluated. The sample consisted of 1,107 VET students (55.1% male) with a mean age of 18.8 years. Problematic smartphone use was observed in 7.9% of the sample and 28.6% used it with occasional problems. Gender differences were obtained, with a higher presence of problematic use among females. According to the regression analysis, the variables that best differentiated participants who presented problematic smartphone use were using it in class, being female, and being a user of movies and videogames. Between videogames and gambling users, the variable that best differentiated participants who presented problematic smartphone use was videogame use. Although the prevalence of frequent problems with smartphone use is relatively low, the percentage of students at risk must not be disregarded by the educational community. It is recommended to promote the appropriate use of technologies in VET students. The gender differences found in this study should be addressed with special consideration.The study was partially funded by the Research Plan of the International University of La Rioja (UNIR) to the Cyberpsychology Research Group for the biennium 2020-2022

Caveolin-1 loss of function accelerates glucose transporter 4 and insulin receptor degradation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Caveolae are a specialized type of lipid rafts that are stabilized by oligomers of caveolin protein. Caveolae are particularly enriched in adipocytes. Here we analyzed the effects of caveolin-1 knockdown and caveolae ablation on adipocyte function. To this end, we obtained several multiclonal mouse 3T3-L1 cell lines with a reduced expression of caveolin-1 (95% reduction) by a small interfering RNA approach using lentiviral vectors. Control cell lines were obtained by lentiviral infection with lentiviral vectors encoding appropriate scrambled RNAs. Caveolin-1 knockdown adipocytes showed a drastic reduction in the number of caveolae (95% decrease) and cholera toxin labeling was reorganized in dynamic plasma membrane microdomains. Caveolin-1 depletion caused a specific decrease in glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and insulin receptor protein levels. This reduction was not the result of a generalized defect in adipocyte differentiation or altered gene expression but was explained by faster degradation of these proteins. Caveolin-1 knockdown adipocytes showed reductions in insulin-stimulated glucose transport, insulin-triggered GLUT4 recruitment to the cell surface, and insulin receptor activation. In all, our data indicate that caveolin-1 loss of function reduces maximal insulin response through lowered stability and diminished expression of insulin receptors and GLUT4. We propose that caveolin-1/caveolae control insulin action in adipose cells. Copyright © 2009 by The Endocrine Society.E.G.-M. was a Formación de Profesorado Universitario fellow from Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia (MEC), Spain; M.C. was a Ramón y Cajal researcher from the MEC. This study was supported by research grants from the MEC (BMC2003-07279; BFU2006-13466/BMC; GEN2003-20662-C07), the Generalitat de Catalunya (2005SGR00947), and the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas).Peer Reviewe

Altered Plasma and Brain Disposition and Pharmacodynamics of Methadone in Abstinent Rats

The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of methadone were investigated in control and abstinent rats. Minipumps filled with saline (control group) or saline-morphine (abstinent group) solutions were used to induce physical dependence. Solutions were delivered continuously by minipumps for 6 days. The physical dependence was evaluated 12 h after minipump removal by measuring specific withdrawal signs. Animals from the abstinent group showed clear withdrawal signs such as hostility on handling and weight loss. Plasma and brain disposition and pharmacodynamics of methadone were evaluated after a 0.35 mg/kg i.v. bolus dose administered 12 h after minipump removal. Plasma clearance, distribution clearance, and volume of distribution at steady-state were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in the abstinent group. Plasma levels of alpha1-acid glycoprotein and plasma protein binding were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the abstinent group. The estimates of pharmacokinetic parameters based on unbound plasma concentrations did not differ between groups, with the sole exception of the unbound apparent volume of distribution. The access of methadone to the brain was significantly faster (P < 0.05) in the abstinent group, although the extent of distribution in the brain was diminished in comparison with the control group. Analgesia recorded with tail-flick was used as the pharmacodynamic endpoint. Analgesic response and effect compartment concentrations of methadone were related by the sigmoidal Emax model. Estimates of C50 [steady-state plasma concentrations eliciting half of maximum effect (Emax)]] based on unbound concentrations did not differ between groups. On the other hand, the estimate of Emax had decreased by 65% in the abstinent group