ACTINOBACILOSE EM FÊMEA DA RAÇA CHAROLÊS E SEU TERNEIRO – RELATO DE CASO

A actinobacilose é uma doença bacteriana que afeta ruminantes de diversas espécies e interfere diretamente na produção dos animais, influenciando no seu consumo e no seu desenvolvimento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso clínico de actinobacilose em um bovino da raça charolês fêmea, três anos de idade, com aproximadamente 400 quilos de peso vivo, e em seu terneiro. A queixa principal do produtor foi que os animais apresentavam um aumento de volume na região da maxila, o que dificultava a alimentação do paciente. No exame clínico geral não foram encontradas alterações sob os parâmetros fisiológicos. Foi realizada a palpação da região aumentada e identificou-se uma cápsula com consistência rígida na região da maxila, com supuração e alteração no toro lingual, suspeitando-se de um caso de actinobacilose. Foi realizada a coleta do material supurado em tubo estéril, juntamente com a realização de swab local e encaminhado ao laboratório para isolamento bacteriano de ambos os animais. Foi realizado o tratamento prévio com Penicilina 8.000UI/kg durante quatro dias e Iodo metaloide 10 ml durante três dias, ambos por via intramuscular. Do material isolado, houve crescimento dos agentes Actinobacillus lignieresii e Streptococcus sp. nos dois pacientes, confirmando o diagnóstico presuntivo. Após um mês, o produtor relatou a melhora clínica tanto na mãe quanto no seu terneiro. Conclui-se com este relato que a actinobacilose é uma doença importante na clínica médica de ruminantes, e que o diagnóstico clínico, juntamente com o laboratorial, são de suma importância para o sucesso do tratamento.Palavras-chave: Charolês. Actinobacilose. Bovino. Doença

Mediterranean land system dynamics and their underlying drivers: Stakeholder perception from multiple case studies

• Land system dynamics from seven Mediterranean case studies are discussed. • Despite the diversity of contexts captured, transversal patterns were found. • Data shows disconnection between expected and desired futures. • Territorial actors can identify opportunities and actions towards desired futures. • Embedding actors within dynamics enables to frame local actions as drivers of change

Types of Corruption in Small and Micro Enterprises (SMEs) in Ibadan, Nigeria

Corruption is a phenomenon that manifests in various types and forms especially among operators of Small and Micro Enterprises (SMEs). Many actions of the operators which constitute corrupt practices often tend to be overlooked in spite of their grave consequences for the success SMEs in Nigeria. The fight against corruption in Nigeria is more concentrated in the formal sector. This study was, therefore, designed to investigate various forms in which corrupt practices are carried out among Small and Micro Enterprises in Ibadan, Nigeria. Business owners, their employees, apprentices and consumers constituted the study population. Primary data were collected using questionnaire administered on 200 business owners, 150 employees and 150 apprentices randomly chosen in five business districts in Ibadan; and the conduct of 10 in-depth interviews with purposively selected participants. Quantitative data were analysed at uni-variate level using simple percentages and frequencies while qualitative data were content analysed. Findings from the study revealed that corrupt practices were rampant among actors in SMEs and the common types of corrupt practices included stealing (60%), deception of customers (78.4%), tax evasion (62%), sale of fake products (76%), sale of expired products (65.2%), tampering with measurement scales (69.6%), bribery (82.4%), and poor service delivery (73%). The study concludes that the level of corruption in SMEs calls for concern and government should extend the fight against corruption to the informal sector in Nigeria

Can cognitive insight predict symptom remission in a first episode psychosis cohort?

BACKGROUND: The outcome of first episode psychosis (FEP) is highly variable and difficult to predict. Cognitive insight measured at illness onset has previously been found to predict psychopathology 12-months later. The aims of this study were to examine whether the prospective relationship between cognitive insight and symptom severity is evident at four-years following FEP and to examine some psychological correlates of cognitive insight. METHODS: FEP participants (n = 90) completed the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS) at illness onset, and associations between BCIS scores with symptom severity outcomes (4-years after FEP) were assessed. The BCIS scales (self-reflectiveness and self-certainty) were examined as a composite score, and individually compared to other cognitive measures (IQ and jumping to conclusions (JTC) bias). RESULTS: Regression analyses revealed that the cognitive insight composite did not predict 4-year symptom remission in this study while the self-reflection subscale of the BCIS predicted severity of symptoms at 4-years. Self-certainty items of the BCIS were not associated with symptom severity. Significant correlations between the JTC bias, self-certainty and IQ were found, but self-reflection did not correlate with these other cognitive measures. CONCLUSIONS: Self-reflective capacity is a more relevant and independent cognitive construct than self-certainty for predicting prospective symptom severity in psychosis. Improving self-reflection may be a useful target for early intervention research

Will climate mitigation ambitions lead to carbon neutrality? An analysis of the local-level plans of 327 cities in the EU

Cities across the globe recognise their role in climate mitigation and are acting to reduce carbon emissions. Knowing whether cities set ambitious climate and energy targets is critical for determining their contribution towards the global 1.5 °C target, partly because it helps to identify areas where further action is necessary. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the mitigation targets of 327 European cities, as declared in their local climate plans. The sample encompasses over 25% of the EU population and includes cities of all sizes across all Member States, plus the UK. The study analyses whether the type of plan, city size, membership of climate networks, and its regional location are associated with different levels of mitigation ambition. Results reveal that 78% of the cities have a GHG emissions reduction target. However, with an average target of 47%, European cities are not on track to reach the Paris Agreement: they need to roughly double their ambitions and efforts. Some cities are ambitious, e.g. 25% of our sample (81) aim to reach carbon neutrality, with the earliest target date being 2020.90% of these cities are members of the Climate Alliance and 75% of the Covenant of Mayors. City size is the strongest predictor for carbon neutrality, whilst climate network(s) membership, combining adaptation and mitigation into a single strategy, and local motivation also play a role. The methods, data, results and analysis of this study can serve as a reference and baseline for tracking climate mitigation ambitions across European and global cities

ACTINOBACILOSE EM FÊMEA DA RAÇA CHAROLÊS E SEU TERNEIRO – RELATO DE CASO

A actinobacilose é uma doença bacteriana que afeta ruminantes de diversas espécies e interfere diretamente na produção dos animais, influenciando no seu consumo e no seu desenvolvimento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso clínico de actinobacilose em um bovino da raça charolês fêmea, três anos de idade, com aproximadamente 400 quilos de peso vivo, e em seu terneiro. A queixa principal do produtor foi que os animais apresentavam um aumento de volume na região da maxila, o que dificultava a alimentação do paciente. No exame clínico geral não foram encontradas alterações sob os parâmetros fisiológicos. Foi realizada a palpação da região aumentada e identificou-se uma cápsula com consistência rígida na região da maxila, com supuração e alteração no toro lingual, suspeitando-se de um caso de actinobacilose. Foi realizada a coleta do material supurado em tubo estéril, juntamente com a realização de swab local e encaminhado ao laboratório para isolamento bacteriano de ambos os animais. Foi realizado o tratamento prévio com Penicilina 8.000UI/kg durante quatro dias e Iodo metaloide 10 ml durante três dias, ambos por via intramuscular. Do material isolado, houve crescimento dos agentes Actinobacillus lignieresii e Streptococcus sp. nos dois pacientes, confirmando o diagnóstico presuntivo. Após um mês, o produtor relatou a melhora clínica tanto na mãe quanto no seu terneiro. Conclui-se com este relato que a actinobacilose é uma doença importante na clínica médica de ruminantes, e que o diagnóstico clínico, juntamente com o laboratorial, são de suma importância para o sucesso do tratamento.Palavras-chave: Charolês. Actinobacilose. Bovino. Doença

Climate mitigation in the Mediterranean Europe: An assessment of regional and city-level plans

International audienceIn Europe, regions in the Mediterranean area share common characteristics in terms of high sensitivity to climate change impacts. Does this translate into specificities regarding climate action that could arise from these Mediterranean characteristics? This paper sheds light on regional and local climate mitigation actions of the Mediterranean Europe, focusing on the plans to reduce greenhouse gases emissions in a representative sample of 51 regions and 73 cities across 9 Mediterranean countries (Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain). The study investigates: (i) the availability of local and regional mitigation plans, (ii) their goals in term of greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets on the short and medium-long term, and (iii) the impact of transnational climate networks on such local and regional climate mitigation planning. Results of this study indicate an uneven and fragmented planning, that shows a Mediterranean West-East divide, and a link with population size. However, overall, both regional and city action seem insufficiently ambitious with regards to meeting the Paris Agreement, at least at city level. While national frameworks are currently weak in influencing regional and local actions, transnational networks seem to be engaging factors for commitment (at city level) and ambitiousness (at regional level). The uneven and fragmented progress revealed by this study, does not align with the characteristics shared by investigated regions and cities in terms of environmental, socio-political, climatic and economic conditions. The results support the call of a common green deal at the Mediterranean level to further address specific Mediterranean challenges and related needs. This will allow to capitalise on available resources, generate local-specific knowledge, build capacities, and support Mediterranean regions and cities in preparing the next generation of more ambitious mitigation plans

State of play of local adaptation planning in the Mediterranean Europe

ABSTRACT: European cities across the Mediterranean region face common climatic threats. Urbanised areas are highly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change, including climate variability and climate extremes. Cities concentrate population and assets, and losses and damages as a result of climate change impacts such as heat waves, droughts, wildfires, landslides, coastal hazards are likely. So far, however, there is no systematic understanding how cities in the Mediterranean Europe are preparing to adapt to these impacts, nor of how they aim to increase their resilience and adaptive capacity. Understanding how cities plan to manage climatic risks will help to identify action gaps, allocate resources and provides better-informed climate policy, at local, regional national and international scale. This research gathered and analysed adaptation planning documents in a representative sample of 73 cities across 9 Mediterranean European countries (France, Italy, Spain, Greece, Portugal, Croatia, Slovenia, Cyprus and Malta) in the context of their national policies. The results and this paper shed important light on the progress of adaptation planning, by focusing on identified impacts and proposed adaptation measures.N/