Análisis de los suelos del piedemoente de la vertiente norte de la Sierra de Alhama (Granada, España)

[Resumen] El piedemonte que enlaza la sierra de Alhama y el poljé de Zafarraya puede considerarse como un glacis incipiente sobre el que desarrollan suelos cuya morfología es heredada del material parental. Los suelos son mayoritariamente Gleysoles y Regosoles, con o sin carbonatos, arcillosos y de fuerte consistencia, motivo que asociado al relieve justifica el alto índice de erosionabilidad y el que exijan un serio acondicionamiento para ser usado agricolamente. Dada la posición fisiográfica y la propia naturaleza edáfica, también se utiliza el terreno para almacenar agua de lluvia destinada a riego. En cuanto a la génesis, son suelos poco Desarrolla dos y el hecho evolutivo más significativo es la transformación de la arcilla heredada (ilita-interestratificados-esmectita).[Abstract] The footslope in between Alhama mountain rouge and Zafarraya polje could be considered as an incipient glacis which shows soil with an inherited morphology from the parent material developing over it. Soils are mainly Gleysols and Regosols, with or without carbonates, clayed and with a strong consistence; these characteristics asociated to relief are the justification of the high erodibility index and the excigence of a serious arranging to be farmerly used. With the fisiographic position and own edaphic nature given, even the land use could be in order to store rainfall water for irrigation. For genetical studies, these are low developed soils and the most significant thing in their evolution is the inherated clay transformation (illite-interstratified-smectite)

Topoisomerase II regulates yeast genes with singular chromatin architectures

Eukaryotic topoisomerase II (topo II) is the essential decatenase of newly replicated chromosomes and the main relaxase of nucleosomal DNA. Apart from these general tasks, topo II participates in more specialized functions. In mammals, topo IIa interacts with specific RNA polymerases and chromatin-remodeling complexes, whereas topo IIb regulates developmental genes in conjunction with chromatin remodeling and heterochromatin transitions. Here we show that in budding yeast, topo II regulates the expression of specific gene subsets. To uncover this, we carried out a genomic transcription run-on shortly after the thermal inactivation of topo II. We identified a modest number of genes not involved in the general stress response but strictly dependent on topo II. These genes present distinctive functional and structural traits in comparison with the genome average. Yeast topo II is a positive regulator of genes with well-defined promoter architecture that associates to chromatin remodeling complexes; it is a negative regulator of genes extremely hypo-acetylated with complex promoters and undefined nucleosome positioning, many of which are involved in polyamine transport. These findings indicate that yeast topo II operates on singular chromatin architectures to activate or repress DNA transcription and that this activity produces functional responses to ensure chromatin stability

3D printed implant structure for breast reconstruction and systematic drug delivery for preventing the reoccurrence of cancer

Breast cancer is one of the most common and deadly cancers among women worldwide. The treatment of breast cancer often involves mastectomy, which can cause physical and psychological distress to the patients, affecting their quality of life and self-esteem [1]. Therefore, the surgical intervention of breast cancer should not include only the removal of a tumor, but also psychological support by restoring the natural shape of the breast and achieving proper aesthetic for each patient. Conventional breast reconstruction techniques have several limitations, such as donor site morbidity, implant failure, infection, and poor cosmetic outcome. Moreover, breast cancer patients often require systemic chemotherapy or hormone therapy after surgery, which can cause severe side effects and complications. In this article, it is proposed a novel implant based 3d printed structure for breast reconstruction and systematic drug delivery. The implant consists of a biodegradable scaffold that is 3d printed with a customized shape, coated with Polydopamine and Alginate, and sized to fit the patient’s chest. The implant provides mechanical support, aesthetic improvement and can also enhance the efficacy and safety of chemotherapy or hormone therapy by delivering treatment directly to the target site through a channel system. The aim of the article presented here is a proposed process protocol for obtaining this prosthesis.The author would like to express their gratitude to the organizing committee of CASEIB for the permission to use their style guides as a reference for the realization of this document and also thank the staff of SEDIC (Industrial Design and Scientific Calculation Service) of the Technical University of Cartagena for their support in the development of this work and for the possibility of having scientific-technical equipment

Efficacy and safety comparison of two amoxicillin administration schedules after third molar removal. A randomized, double-blind and controlled clinical trial

Objective: The aim of this comparative double-blind, prospective, randomized, clinical trial was to evaluate two amoxicillin administration patterns. The first was a short prophylactic therapy and the second a long postoperative regimen. Study Design: The study population consisted of 160 patients who underwent mandibular third molar extraction. Patients were randomized into two equal groups. In group 1, 2 grams of amoxicillin were administered 1 hour before the procedure and 1 gram 6 hours after surgery. In group 2, patients received 1 gram of amoxicillin 6 hours after surgery followed by 1 gram every 8 hour for 4 days. All patients received the same number of tablets thanks to the use of placebo pills. A total of 25 variables were evaluated, such as alveolitis, surgical infection, number of analgesic needed, subjective pain scale, post-surgical inflammation, consistency of the diet, axillary temperature and millimetres of mouth opening loss after the surgery. Results: No statistically significant post-operative differences were found within the recorded parameters between the groups. Conclusions: Postoperative 4-days amoxicillin therapy is not justified

Physics demos for all UVEG degrees: a unique project in Spain

The Physics Demo Project at the University of Valencia (www.uv.es/fisicademos) has developed a collection of physics demonstrations to be used during lectures. It consists of more than 130 experimental demos about different physics topics. More than 30 professors borrow them whenever they lecture on physics in any of our 40 courses in 17 different science or technical degrees, involving 246 ECTS and more than 3500 students. Each demo kit with a simple experimental set displays a particular physics phenomenon. An on-line user guide highlights the main physics principles involved, instructions on how to use it and advices of how to link it to the theoretical concepts or to technical applications. Demo lectures (and collections) are a usual and widespread practice in many countries but not in Spain. This unique initiative aims at the recovery of this practice by involving a growing collaborative team of users and with the aid of educational innovation projects. Here we explain the project content, organization and recent developments. Our experience, together with the positive students comments, allows us to draw the following conclusions: demos introduce the real sensible world in the lecture hall, providing the necessary link between concepts and everyday life, and becoming, again, something more than "chalk and talk"

Contenidos de isomeros trans de los acidos grasos en productos carnicos. (III) Tejido adiposo y grasa intramuscular de vacuno

Se presentan los resultados obtenidos para la determinación de ácidos grasos en una serie de muestras de tejidos subcutáneo y muscular, procedentes de canales de vacuno, por aplicación de la cromatografía en fase gaseosa, para los que se obtuvieron unos valores medios de 58.7% de ácidos saturados, 39.1 % de monoinsaturados y 2.7% de polinsaturados, en el tejido adiposo, y de 44.7% de saturados, 46.1% de monoinsaturados y 9.4% de polinsaturados, en el tejido muscular. Los contenidos de ácidos grasos trans muestran diferencias significativas entre ambos tejidos (medias del 7% de ácidos trans totales en grasa intramuscular y 10.5% en grasa de depósito). El C18: 1t presenta una distribución paralela a la del total de ácidos trans, mientras que para el C16: 1 trans se observa un comportamiento claramente diferente, ya que no se presentan estas diferencias significativas entre ambos tejidos. En cuanto a los factores estudiados que pueden influir en el contenido de isómeros trans, cabe destacar que la raza fue aquél que ofrecía más diferencias, mientras que entre los diversos orígenes (explotaciones ganaderas) y entre categorías de canal se presentaron menos diferencias en relación a los contenidos de estos isómeros. También es importante destacar que las correlaciones que se han observado entre los contenidos de ácidos trans y los totales de ácidos saturados, mono y polinsaturados presentan un signo contrario, según el tipo de tejido. Así, un aumento del % de ácidos trans va aparejado con un aumento de saturados y una disminución de polinsaturados en el tejido muscular, mientras que va aparejado con una disminución de saturados y un aumento de mono y polinsaturados en el tejido adiposo

El modelo EFQM, análisis de los criterios resultados en un servicio deportivo municipal con más de 25.000 habitantes

El objetivo de este trabajo es aplicar la autoevaluacion, del Modelo EFQM de Excelencia, a un Servicio Deportivo Municipal de un ayuntamiento con mas de 25000 habitantes de la Region de Murcia, tiene 41 trabajadores (clientes internos), 24 (58.54%) hombres y 17 (41.46%) mujeres. Los resultados permiten una vision de los alcances obtenidos por este servicio deportivo en su camino hacia la excelencia. Para la validez de constructo se utilizo el analisis factorial confirmatorio con el programa, LISREL, version 8.54, fiabilidad Alfa de Cronbach, valores superiores a .800 nivel de significacion de p ≤.05. Existen diferencias estadisticamente significativas en los sub-criterios 9a y 9b (t32 = -2.730, p=.010)

Contenido de plomo y cadmio en aceites de girasol

We have studied the lead and cadmium content in 21 samples of sunflower oil from Andalucía (Southern Spain). These elements are toxicological importance and the sunflower oil is widely consumed in Spain. Samples were mineralized with nitric acid and vanadium pentoxide as catalyst, and ana lyzed using electrothermal atomization atomic absorption spectroscopy. The temperature-time programme for the graphite furnace was optimized for each element, and the accuracy, precision, sensitivity and detection limit of the method were evaluated. Concentrations of lead ranged from not detectable to 167.58 μg/kg and cadmium concentrations ranged from 0.87 to 8.30 μg/kg. The data obtained are not excessive and similar to those mentioned by other authors; however, one sample of the total analyzed surpassed the limit of 0.1 ppm of lead proposed by the Spanish and European Legislation. A statistical significative correlation has been established between Pb and Cd levels (p < 0.05). The contribution of the sunflower oil to Pb and Cd dietary intake has been estimated as 0.84 and 0.09 μg/day, respectively.Se ha determinado el contenido de plomo y cadmio en 21 muestras de aceite de girasol, todas ellas producidas en Andalucía (Sur de España). Ambos elementos tienen una gran importancia toxicológica y el aceite de girasol es muy consumido en España. Las muestras han sido mineralizadas con ácido nítrico, utilizando pentóxido de vanadio como catalizador, y analizadas mediante espectroscopia de absorción atómica con atomización electrotérmica. Se ha optimizado el programa temperatura-tiempo del horno de grafito para cada elemento y se ha evaluado la exactitud, precisión, sensibilidad y límite de detección del método. Las concentraciones de plomo han oscilado entre no detectables y 167.58 μg/kg y las concentraciones de cadmio entre 0.87 y 8.30 μg/kg. Estos datos no resultan excesivos y concuerdan con los aportados por otros autores; no obstante, una de las muestras analizadas supera el límite máximo de 0.1 ppm de Pb establecido en las Legislaciones Española y Europea. Se ha comprobado una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre los niveles de Pb y de Cd (

Effect of excess body adiposity on the expression of genes involved in early steps of mammary carcinogenesis on diet-induced obese female rats

Introduction: Obesity is increasing worldwide and is associated with higher risk for some cancers. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are unclear. Because the obesity microenvironment could promote the onset of carcinogenesis, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between excess body adiposity and the expression of genes related to the activation of early steps of tumor promotion on the mammary gland. Methods: Three weeks-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high fat diet (DIO: 60% Kcal/g fat, n = 14) or standard chow (LEAN: 3% Kcal/g fat, n = 15) for 10 weeks. Body weight and food intake were measured weekly. After sacrifice, retroperitoneal fat tissue was weighed and mammary tissue was extracted for qRT-PCR analysis. Genes associated with cell proliferation (Survivin/BIRC5 and MYC), DNA repair (TP53), and antioxidant protection (GSTM2, ALDH3A1) were quantified. Results: The DIO group showed a body weight 14.1% higher than LEAN group (p < 0.001). These differences were reflected on higher retroperitoneal fat content on DIO (3.22 ± 0.89g) vs. LEAN group (2.33 ± 0.52g; p = 0.012). Interestingly, DIO rats showed a higher gene expression for Survivin (∆68.2%), MYC (∆50.1%), TP53 (∆40.5%), ALDH3A1 (∆74.1%), and GSTM2 (∆25.7%) with respect to LEAN group. Conclusion: These data show that obesity is associated with changes potentially involved in early steps of tumor promotion, as shown by an increase in cellular proliferation and DNA damage related genes, even before detecting histological changes on the mammary tissue of obese female individuals. Further studies are needed to elucidate weather reducing body weight might be a therapeutic strategy to prevent this process