Instalación solar fotovoltaica de 36,40 kWp para autoconsumo sin excedentes conectada a la red interna de baja tensión

El presente Trabajo Fin de Grado se realiza durante las prácticas realizadas por la alumna en la empresa Solar Works, S.L. El uso de dicho proyecto como Trabajo final de Grado ha sido autorizado por la Empresa y su realización ha sido íntegra mía con asesoramiento y apoyo de otros componentes de la empresa. Este proyecto consiste en la realización de una instalación fotovoltaica en la Calle Serra PG Pla Rascanya, 67 – Lliria (Valencia), en concreto, en la nave de la Entidad PUERTAS LLIRIA, S.L., como Proyecto Final de Grado. Mediante la realización de este proyecto se pondrán en práctica los conocimientos adquiridos en el grado en Ingeniería Electrónica y Automática Industrial, enfocados en las asignaturas de Proyectos de Ingeniería y Electrotecnia Aplicada con conceptos como la realización de planos, elaboración de planes de obra, presupuestos, manejo del R.E.B.T y conocimientos de las diferentes partes de una instalación

New Burnout Evaluation Model Based on the Brief Burnout Questionnaire: Psychometric Properties for Nursing

Health care personnel are considered one of the worker sectors most exposed to heavier workloads and work stress. One of the consequences associated with the exposure to chronic stress is the development of burnout syndrome. Given that evaluating this syndrome requires addressing the context in which they are to be used, the purpose of this work was to analyze the psychometric properties and structure of the Burnout Brief Questionnaire (CBB), and to propose a more suitable version for its application to health professionals, and more specifically nurses. The final study sample was made up of 1236 working nursing professionals. An exploratory factorial analysis was carried out and a new model was proposed through a confirmatory factorial analysis. Thus, validation of the CBB questionnaire for nursing health care personnel showed an adequate discrimination of the items and a high internal consistency of the scale. With respect to the factorial analysis, four factors were extracted from the revised model. Specifically, these new factors, called job dissatisfaction, social climate, personal impact, and motivational abandonment, showed an adequate index of adjustment. Thus, the Brief Burnout Questionnaire Revised for nursing staff has favorable psychometric properties, and this model can be applied to all health care professionals

Analysis of the Risk and Protective Roles of Work-Related and Individual Variables in Burnout Syndrome in Nurses

Aims: Burnout syndrome is a phenomenon that is becoming ever more widespread, especially in workers such as nurses who have heavy workloads and time pressures. The progression of burnout syndrome has been shown to be related to both individual and work-related variables. The objective of this study is to examine the risk and protective roles played by work-related and personal variables, both sociodemographic and psychological, in the development of burnout in nurses. Method: The sample was composed of 1236 nurses aged between 21 and 57 years, with a mean age of 31.50 years (SD = 6.18). Women accounted for 84.5% (n = 1044), and the remaining 15.5% (n = 192) were men. Exploratory tests were performed to understand the relationships between burnout and other variables, and a binary logistic regression was conducted to understand the roles of these variables in the incidence of this syndrome. Lastly, a regression tree was constructed. Results: The results show that the sociodemographic variables examined are not related to the level of burnout in nurses. However, certain work-related variables, such as spending more time with colleagues and patients and reporting good-quality relationships, exhibit a negative relationship with the occurrence of burnout. Of the psychological variables, the stress factors conflict-social acceptance and irritability-tension-fatigue, as well as informative communication, are shown to be risk factors for the appearance of burnout in nurses. In contrast, the communication skills factor, empathy, and energy-joy exert a protective function. Conclusion: Identifying the variables that influence the occurrence of burnout syndrome and understanding the manner in which they exert their influence are key elements in the development of effective prevention and intervention of burnout in nursing

Distribution Levels of Particulate Matter Fractions (<2.5 µm, 2.5-10 µm and >10 µm) at Seven Primary Schools in a European Ceramic Cluster

This study addresses the concentration of particulate matter and their size using a statistical analysis of data obtained inside seven schools located in the towns of Castellón (S1, S2, and S3), Alcora (S4, S5, and S6) and Lucena (S7) in northeast Spain. Samples were taken for five to eight hours, depending on school hours, to obtain a monthly sample for each school. The main goal of this study is to assess the differences depending on the type of location and the sampling point to be able to design corrective measures that improve the habitability and safety of the teaching spaces analyzed. The lowest concentrations of fine particulate matter, less than 2.5 µm, were registered at the rural location. The values of these particles found in industrial and urban locations were not substantially different. In the case of particulate matter between 2.5 and 10 µm, significant differences were observed between the three types of locations. The lowest concentrations of particles larger than 10 µm were registered at the rural location, and the highest concentrations were found at the industrial locations. Among the urban stations, the particle concentration of this fraction in station S2 was significantly higher than that in stations S1 and S3, which had similar concentrations. These values are also similar to those registered at school S6, which is at an industrial location. The resuspension of particles from both indoor sources as well as those transported from the outside is an important factor in the concentrations of particles inside classrooms.Universitat Jaume I “Pla de Promoció de la Investigació-Fundació Caixa Castelló-Bancaixa”. Reference code: P1·1B2005–18.S

Validation of the Spanish Version of the Questionnaire on Environmental Awareness in Nursing (NEAT)

Environmental awareness of the ecological problems caused by this climate crisis and its impact on global health has been growing globally. Nurses are health care agents that usually hurt the environment and contribute to the unsustainability of the care system. Such behavior is perpetuated without the nurses’ awareness and is even magnified by the current pandemic, jeopardizing the health systems and the Sustainable Development Goals. However, there is no Spanish version of any survey that measures the awareness of these agents, only the Nurses Environmental Awareness Tool (NEAT) is available. The current research presents a unique investigation based on a mixed method, using the Spanish version of the NEAT, also called NEAT-es. The results of the mixed analysis (N = 376), a cognitive interview, and descriptive analysis indicated perfect consistency (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.80), better than the original. The survey validation achieved higher values and can be used to measure environmental awareness in Spain and Spanish-speaking countries

Environmental assessment model for scrubbers versus alternative mitigation systems for feeder vessels in liner shipping

[Abstract] Implementation of the Global Sulphur Cap (GSC), in January 2020, boosted scrubber installation in vessels to fulfill the new air emission limitations. This increase in scrubbers’ use has intensified concern about its environmental performance. Even though achievement of GSC requirements through this mitigation system has been widely proven, the impact of wash water discharge on the marine environment remains under discussion. In this paper, an assessment environmental model is introduced to quantify in monetary terms the performance of feeder vessels that operate with several mitigation systems. This model attempts to improve traditional air emission evaluations by including the impact of scrubbers’ discharges on the marine environmental. In this way, the analysis not only allows different mitigations systems to be ranked by considering their capacity to reduce air emissions, but also provides further information about the marine eutrophication and ecotoxicity impact from scrubbers’ discharge. Through the model’s application to a regular shipping line between the Canary Islands and the Iberian Peninsula, it was found that, the scrubber, regardless of its operation mode (open- or closed loop), is the most efficient mitigation option after the Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) fuel shift. The impact of scrubbers’ discharge was not as significant as expected on the feeder vessel’s total pollution since this provides similar relative weight to the methane emissions from a dual-engine option by operating with LNG. The results also show the need to more closely research the marine eutrophication impact of closed-loop scrubbers. Finally, this paper warns about a significant dispersion on the monetary values of marine ecotoxicity and eutrophication, due to a high dependence of the results on the frameworks’ localization. Consequently, further research is needed on the homogenization of pollution monetization in the marine environment

Environmental inefficiencies of short sea shipping vessels by optimization processes based on resistance prediction methods

[Abstract]: Fulfilment of the progressive environmental normative involves a singular challenge for Short Sea Shipping (SSS), since it must maintain its competitiveness versus other transport alternatives. For this reason, over the last decade SSS vessels have been the subject of numerous analyses, in terms of operative research, and optimizations, from the marine engineering standpoint. Despite widespread awareness about the impact of a vessel’s resistance on environmental performance, many of the previous analyses were based on resistance prediction methods with low accuracy levels. This fact necessarily involves deviations regarding the expected sustainability of vessels. This paper attempts to quantify (in monetary terms) the environmental consequences due to this low level of accuracy. To meet this aim, it analyzes the environmental performance of an SSS feeder vessel, which was obtained from an optimization process based on standard resistance prediction techniques, when its propulsion power requirements for sailing at optimized speed were assessed through the Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes method in Computational Fluid Dynamic simulations. The findings show that standard resistance prediction methods without consideration of hull shape must be avoided, not only in the optimization process, but also for operative research, especially in free sailing analysis

The relationship between indoor and outdoor levels of PM10 and its chemical composition at schools in a coastal region in Spain

PM10 levels and its chemical composition were studied inside and outdoor of seven primary schools (3 in urban environment, 3 in industrial environment, 1 in rural environment) located in the Mediterranean coast in an area with an important industrial nucleus dedicated to the treatment of raw mineral materials. The main objective of this work is a comparison between these levels obtained inside and outside schools and also asses the influence of various natural and anthropogenic emission sources on particles concentrations found inside. The indoor airborne samples were collected using RespiCon TM. In the three outdoor sampling stations was used a minivol air sampler type 3.1 LVS of Derenda. PM10 Chemical composition was obtained by ICP-MS (elements) and ion chromatography The ratio I/O (indoor/outdoor) has been calculated taking into account only the samples taken in the same conditions. In all schools the ratio I/O for PM10 was greater than unity (between 1.3 and 7.8), indicating that existed significant indoor sources of these particles. In the three schools located in the industrial environment were collected PM10 samples inside and outside in non-teaching periods. Comparing the values of I/O when the classrooms were unoccupied with respect to the average value of these same schools when the classrooms are occupied, the behaviour is different depending on the location. On the other hand, a sample in an industrial school was obtained when some infrastructure works were being carried out outside of school. This caused a significant increase in the concentration of particles in the interior (I/O ¼ 19.9). From the levels of As, Ni, Cd, Pb, Al, B, Zn, Mg, Sb, F , ClO2-, NO3- and SO4 2- in PM10 inside and outside of each school, also the ratios I/O were calculated. These chemical ratios I/O were higher than unity in all cases and generally higher than those recorded in the case of PM10. Finally, Pearson correlation coefficients (r) between the elements and anions and the PM10, and between the different elements and anions were calculated for the purpose of establishing the existence of common emission sources

Viabilidad de una plataforma de e-commerce para la producción ecológica en la Comunidad Valenciana

El sector agrario valenciano, sustentado por empresas familiares con pequeñas producciones y una enorme diversidad de cultivos, representa un gran potencial para la explotación agroecológica. Sin embargo, el acceso a los mercados para los pequeños productores es complicado. En este escenario, se ha considerado la posibilidad de desarrollar una plataforma de venta online para productores ecológicos, que estaría gestionada por el organismo certificador del territorio (CAE-CV). El objetivo es determinar si los actores del mercado, productores y consumidores de productos ecológicos, estarían dispuestos a utilizar este tipo de comercio y establecer cuáles son las características más importantes que debe tener la herramienta. Se realizó una encuesta a consumidores y una entrevista a productores antes del desarrollo de la herramienta (2019). Con los resultados obtenidos se realizó una versión demo de la web, considerando los parámetros aportados por los actores y, finalmente, se evaluó la aceptación de la misma (2020). En los resultados, se observa una aceptación alta, tanto por parte de los consumidores como de los productores, y sobre todo un incremento importante de la intención de compra online por parte de los consumidores entre los períodos considerados, lo que muestra el creciente desarrollo de este tipo de canal

Coping Strategies in the Spanish Population: The Role in Consequences of COVID-19 on Mental Health

[EN] The worldwide health emergency caused by COVID-19 is a new challenge for humanity which individuals respond to in a diversity of ways. The type of coping people use in such a situation could lead to positive or negative consequences to their health. Our objective was to analyze the use of coping strategies in the general population with attention to sociodemographic variables, and to test the capacity of these strategies for mediating in repercussions on mental health. The 1,160 adults who participated in this study answered the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ-S) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). The data were collected in a CAWI (Computer Aided Web Interviewing). The results suggest that the coping strategies they used the most differed depending on sociodemographic characteristics, such as age, sex and education. Furthermore, two mediation models were estimated for positive and negative coping strategies in the relationship between the presence of COVID-19 near them and mental health. The “negative” coping strategies were found to exert an indirect effect as mediators in the impact that COVID-19 positive cases near them had on their health. The consequences to mental health of the impact of coping with adverse situations should not be underestimated and it is important to design programs to educate the population in coping strategies that promote their health.S