La huella en la ventana. Categorías fenoménico-cognitivas de lo transparente y de lo opaco en la narrativa: el caso de Antoine Volodine

The experience of immersion in the real world and in the textual world are comparable in that both require that the medium which the world unfolds remains hidden from our attention. Phenomenology and cognitive sciences thus speak of a transparent experience, as opposed to the opaque experience implied by awareness of the medium. In this article we study the implications of such processes in relation to the experience of reading the work of the French-Russian writer Antoine Volodine, which the author himself calls "post-exotism". We argue that in post-exotic literature the multiplication of counter-immersive procedures constitues a true aesthetics of opacity, understood as an aesthetics of the access to the textual worlds, and we will analyse what functions this aesthetics plays in his literary project as whole. La experiencia de la inmersión en el mundo real y en el mundo textual son aproximables en tanto que ambas precisan que el medio a través del que se despliega el mundo permanezca oculto a nuestra atención. La fenomenología y las ciencias cognitivas hablan entonces de una experiencia transparente, por oposición a la experiencia opaca que implica la consciencia del medio. En este artículo estudiamos las implicaciones de dichos procesos en relación con la experiencia de lectura de la obra del escritor franco-ruso Antoine Volodine, que el propio autor denomina "post-exotismo". Sostenemos que en la literatura post-exótica la multiplicación de los procedimientos contra-inmersivos constituyen una verdadera estética de la opacidad, entendida como una estética del acceso a los mundos textuales, y analizaremos qué funciones desempeña esa estética en el conjunto de su proyecto literario.&nbsp

A efígie literária: escrita e duelo

During the encounter of loss and its eventual overcoming, the cognitive seizing of the new death’s person status as a solid epistemic object turns out to be a recurring psychic operation for the grieving subject. This article proposes, through the analyse of texts belonging to the contemporary French literature, a brief theory of the “effigy” to address the way in which the deceased is evocated textually, at the same time that it analyses the conditions of its emergence and the discursive alterations that go with it.En la confrontación de la pérdida y su eventual superación, la aprehensión del nuevo estatus de la persona fallecida como un objeto epistémico sólido resulta ser una operación psíquica recurrente en el sujeto en duelo. Este artículo propone, a través del análisis de textos de la actualidad literaria francesa, una breve teoría de la “efigie” para abordar la manera en la que el fallecido es evocado a nivel textual, al tiempo que analiza las condiciones de emergencia de esta efigie y las alteraciones discursivas que resultan de ello.No confronto da perda e sua eventual superação, a apreensão do novo status da pessoa falecida como um sólido objeto epistêmico acaba sendo uma operação psíquica recorrente no sujeito de luto. Este artigo propõe, através da análise de textos da atualidade literária francesa, uma breve teoria da “efígie” para abordar a maneira pela qual o falecido é evocado no nível textual, enquanto analisa as condições de emergência dessa efígie e as alterações discursivas que dela resultam

Una estrategia para obtener regionalizaciones bióticas fiables a partir de datos incompletos: el caso de los escarabeidos (Coleoptera, Scarabaeinae) ibérico-baleares

A method to obtain regionalizations based in the organisms from incomplete distributional data is presented, using Iberian scarabaeine (Col., Scarabaeinae) as an example. A first ordination analysis was carried out using the well-sampled territorial units, where four faunistic axes were identified. Then, the scores of these axes were extrapolated to the whole Iberian territory by means of General Linear Modelling. A faunistic distance matrix was developed using the predicted values for the four axes. Using this matrix and the geographic distances among territorial units, a new matrix, reflecting both the compositional and geographic distances was obtained. This matrix was used to carry out the final classification of all the territory, where eight different faunistic regions were obtained. Finally, the results are briefly discussed, and their composition and local and regional richness are described.Se presenta un método para obtener regionalizaciones basadas en los organismos a partir de datos corológicos incompletos, utilizando como ejemplo los escarabeidos ibéricos (Col., Scarabaeinae). A partir de las unidades territoriales bien muestreadas, realizamos en primer lugar un análisis de ordenación, en el que se identificaron cuatro ejes faunísticos. Posteriormente, los valores de estos ejes se extrapolaron a todo el territorio ibérico mediante Modelos Lineales Generalizados. Con los valores predichos para estos ejes se desarrolló una matriz de distancias faunísticas. A partir de ella, y de las distancias geográficas entre unidades territoriales, se obtuvo una nueva matriz de distancias faunístico-geográficas. Esta matriz fue utilizada para realizar la clasificación final de todo el territorio, obteniéndose ocho regiones faunísticas diferentes. Finalmente, se comentan los resultados obtenidos, identificando las diferencias en su composición y riqueza regional y local

El género Elaphocera Gené, 1836 (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae, Pachydeminae): revisión de las series tipo de las colecciones del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (Madrid, España)

Melolontha emarginata Gyllenhal, 1817 is designated as the type species of Elaphocerida Reitter, 1902. The type specimens of the species of genus Elaphocera Gené, 1836, from the entomological collections of Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (Madrid, Spain), are studied. Lectotypes are designated for species Elaphocera (Elaphocerida) ampla Báguena, 1955, Elaphocerida segurensis Escalera, 1923, Elaphocerida pygmaea Escalera, 1923 and Elaphocera (Elaphocerida) torressalai Báguena, 1955. The type material of the following species is also revised: Elaphocera pardoi Escalera, 1931, Elaphocera (Elaphocerida) ibicensis Escalera, 1926, Elaphocerida abdelkrimi Escalera, 1934 and Elaphocera baguenae Mancini, 1926.En este trabajo se designa Melolontha emarginata Gyllenhal, 1817 como la especie tipo de Elaphocerida Reitter, 1902. Se revisan las series típicas de las especies del género Elaphocera Gené, 1836 conservadas en las colecciones de Entomología del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (Madrid, España). Se designan los lectotipos de Elaphocera (Elaphocerida) ampla Báguena, 1955, Elaphocerida segurensis Escalera, 1923, Elaphocerida pygmaea Escalera, 1923 y Elaphocera (Elaphocerida) torressalai Báguena, 1955. Además, se proporcionan nuevos datos sobre el material típico de las especies Elaphocera pardoi Escalera, 1931, Elaphocera (Elaphocerida) ibicensis Escalera, 1926, Elaphocerida abdelkrimi Escalera, 1934 y Elaphocera baguenae Mancini, 1926, conservado en estas colecciones

Assessment of Nutritional Status and Its Influence on Ovarian Reserve: A Systematic Review

Background: Nowadays, there is a growing interest in the relationship among lifestyle, reproductive health, and fertility. Recent investigations highlight the influence of environmental and lifestyle factors such as stress, diet, and nutritional status on reproductive health. The aim of this review was to determine the influence of nutritional status on ovarian reserve in order to improve the reproductive health of women of childbearing age. Methods: A systematic literature review was carried out following the PRISMA method. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool. Data were extracted, and the results were summarized into two blocks: according to the technique used to assess ovarian reserve and nutritional status; according to the results found in the relationship between ovarian reserve and nutritional status. Results: A total of 22 articles involving 5929 women were included. In 12 of the included articles (54.5%), a relationship between nutritional status and ovarian reserve was demonstrated. In seven publications (31.8%), the increased body mass index (BMI) led to a decrease in ovarian reserve, two of them (0.9%) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, showing a decrease only if BMI > 25. In two articles (0.9%), there was a negative relationship between ovarian reserve and waist-to-hip ratio, and in one (0.45%), a positive relationship was shown between ovarian reserve and testosterone levels, the latter being related to body mass index. In five articles (22.7%), body mass index was used as a confounder and was negatively related to ovarian reserve, and in another four (18%), no correlation was found. Conclusions: Ovarian reserve appears to be influenced by nutritional status. A high body mass index has a negative impact on the ovary, decreasing antral follicle count and anti-Müllerian hormone. Oocyte quality is compromised, increasing the rate of reproductive problems and the demand for assisted reproductive techniques. Further studies are needed to understand which dietary factors have the greatest effect on ovarian reserve in order to promote reproductive health

Acciones de acogida del proyecto mentor de la EUITI

Desde el curso académico 2008/2009 el Proyecto Mentor de la Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Técnica Industrial (EUITI) de la UPM [1] participa en distintas acciones de acogida de los alumnos de nuevo ingreso propio del centro. Estas actividades son el primer contacto de los mentores con los alumnos de nuevo ingreso y además son reforzadas por el apoyo y experiencia de los tutores y mentores del curso anterior, favoreciendo la interrelación de alumnos de distintos cursos y especialidades. Para la correcta realización de estas actividades, los alumnos mentores reciben un intensivo programa de formación que incluye aspectos psicosociales propios de la mentoría [2]. La presente comunicación tiene el propósito de describir dichas acciones así como presentar y valorar los resultados obtenidos a través de la encuest

Local and regional ecological morphology of dung beetle assemblages across four biogeographic regions

Aim Niche partitioning within species assemblages is thought to influence species packing and/or total niche space occupied. The evolution of dung beetles (Scarabaeinae) is likely to have been strongly influenced by inter-specific competition, leading to niche partitioning. We consider whether local-scale processes leave a signature in regional patterns of functional diversity in dung beetle assemblages, and investigate the correlation between total exploited ecomorphological space and density of species packing with increased species richness. We test whether ecomorphological space occupied by local assemblages reflects that of their regional species pool, and the extent to which ecomorphological space is convergent or divergent within functional groups across regional pools. Location Neotropics, Africa, Australia and Madagascar. Methods Dung beetle assemblages were collected in a standardized manner from four biogeographic regions. Ecomorphological similarity among the assemblages was assessed by multivariate analysis of 19 linear measurements for 300 species and three functional nesting types (roller, tunneller or dweller), firstly on a local level within the Neotropics and Afrotropics, and then between the regional species pools. Results Key body measurements, in particular the hind tibia, separated rollers and tunnellers into largely non-overlapping entities along the first three axes of the shape analysis. Three Neotropical assemblages, which vary widely in species numbers, each harboured a similar amount of morphometric variation, resulting in increasingly dense species packing with greater species richness. Similar findings were obtained in two South African assemblages. Assemblages in the four biogeographic regions showed largely similar distributions of ecomorphological variation, including the separation of rollers and tunnellers, despite their distant phylogenetic relationships. Ecomorphological similarity among regions was particularly high in tunnellers, whilst the rollers exhibited greater regional differentiation. Main conclusions Local assemblages evidently represent the full diversity of functional groups available in the regional pool, even in species-poor assemblages. There is a strong trend towards convergence in morphology separating tunnellers and rollers in phylogenetically independent lineages. The ecomorphological similarity of regional assemblages suggests that morphological convergence is the result of common selective forces active within the assemblages themselves. This lends support to the widely hypothesized effect of inter-specific interactions and niche partitioning in determining assemblage composition and lineage evolution in the Scarabaeinae. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Land-use transformations in the city of Murcia and its surroundings (1977-2010)

La mayoría de las ciudades españolas han desarrollado importantes cambios urbanísticos desde el inicio de la etapa autonómica cuyos resultados han sido, por un lado, la transformación de las ciudades existentes y, por otro, una desmesurada expansión urbana. Sin embargo, en cada una de las ciudades, esos cambios han tenido sus propias características y singularidades. El caso de Murcia y su territorio resulta especialmente interesante al producirse, con cierta intensidad, tres fenómenos de diferente calado afectando a la ciudad central, al espacio periurbano de la huerta y a la creación de nuevas periferias. Así, en un primer periodo –hasta 1995 aproximadamente– se lleva a cabo la transformación del centro histórico, ofreciendo una nueva imagen de capitalidad; posteriormente, los esfuerzos de transformación territorial y urbana se sitúan en las nuevas periferias de carácter residencial y terciario situadas a cierta distancia de la ciudad tradicional. Y, de manera paralela, se produce la ocupación del espacio agrícola de huerta de manera continua a lo largo de todo el periodo autonómico. La conjugación de estos tres procesos ha desembocado en un nuevo espacio en el que las relaciones territoriales urbanas han cambiado radicalmente.Most of Spanish cities have experienced important urban and territorial changes since the establishment of Regional Governments –Autonomous Communities of Spain–. As a result, there has been a transformation of the existing cities and an excessive urban expansion. However, each city has had its own characteristics and peculiarities. The case of Murcia and its territory is of special interest as three different phenomena have occurred, with certain intensity, affecting: the central city, the fertile peri-urban space of the Huerta (Market Garden) and the creation of new peripheries. The first period –until approximately 1995– is characterized by the transformation of the historic Centre, offering a new image to the capital. After this period, important efforts were made to transform urban and territorial new peripheries located at some distance from the traditional city, introducing residential and tertiary land uses. Finally, the occupation of agricultural land (Huerta) occurs continuously throughout all periods. The combination of these three processes has defined a new space in which urban territorial relationships have radically changed.Este texto se enmarca en el proyecto de investigación “Las ciudades españolas en la etapa autonómica (1978-2008). Dinámicas, procesos y políticas”. Ref. CSO 2009-11261 (Subprograma GEOG), del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación

Influence of the Mediterranean diet on seminal quality—a systematic review

Currently, there is a growing interest in the study of fertility because fertility-related problems affect up to 15% of the world’s population. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of the Mediterranean diet on seminal quality in men of reproductive age. For this purpose, a systematic review of the literature was carried out following the PRISMA method. Electronic searches were carried out in the international databases PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. In total, 10 articles with 2032 men were included. As inclusion criteria, articles published between 2012 and 2022 were selected, including those that included men aged between 18 and 55 years. Nutritional status was assessed through weight, height, and BMI. Dietary habits were evaluated through different indexes and food frequency questionnaires, and finally, semen quality was evaluated by measuring sperm concentration and motility (progressive and non-progressive). In six (60%) of the included articles, a positive relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and semen quality was demonstrated; in two (20%) of the articles, no association was found; and finally, in two (20%) of the included articles, the relationship between dietary patterns typical of DM and semen quality was evaluated. Dietary habits influence semen quality. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet can improve male reproductive health, as it is a diet with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This is the first systematic review about the influence of the Mediterranean diet on semen quality, and the results are positive. These findings may allow us to provide better advice to our patients and to establish interventions with the aim of improving the results of assisted reproduction techniques