Associations of muscular fitness and body composition in children

Purpose: To examine the associations between muscular fitness (MF) and body composition. Method: MF was assessed with three tests of FitnessGram test battery. Total body fat percentage (BF%), abdominal fat percentage (AF%) and fat-free mass (FFM) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The IOTF body mass index (BMI) cut-offs were used to define healthy weight, overweight, and obesity. Results: MF was inversely associated with BF% and AF%. The children in the moderate and high MF groups had significantly lower BF% and AF% compared with the children in the low MF group within the same BMI category. After adjusting for cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), BMI and sex, the differences between the MF groups were significant for BF% but not for AF%. Conclusion: There were significant inverse associations between MF and DXA -measured adiposity. Within the same BMI category, total and abdominal adiposity were lower in children with moderate or high MF than in children with low MF.Peer reviewe

Associations of muscular fitness and body composition in children

Purpose: To examine the associations between muscular fitness (MF) and body composition. Method: MF was assessed with three tests of FitnessGram test battery. Total body fat percentage (BF%), abdominal fat percentage (AF%) and fat-free mass (FFM) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The IOTF body mass index (BMI) cut-offs were used to define healthy weight, overweight, and obesity. Results: MF was inversely associated with BF% and AF%. The children in the moderate and high MF groups had significantly lower BF% and AF% compared with the children in the low MF group within the same BMI category. After adjusting for cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), BMI and sex, the differences between the MF groups were significant for BF% but not for AF%. Conclusion: There were significant inverse associations between MF and DXA -measured adiposity. Within the same BMI category, total and abdominal adiposity were lower in children with moderate or high MF than in children with low MF.Peer reviewe

Association of physical fitness with health-related quality of life in Finnish young men

Abstract Background Currently, there is insufficient evidence available regarding the relationship between level of physical fitness and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in younger adults. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of measured cardiovascular and musculoskeletal physical fitness level on HRQoL in Finnish young men. Methods In a cross-sectional study, we collected data regarding the physical fitness index, including aerobic endurance and muscle fitness, leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), body composition, health, and HRQoL (RAND 36) for 727 men [mean (SD) age 25 (5) years]. Associations between HRQoL and the explanatory parameters were analyzed using the logistic regression analysis model. Results Of the 727 participants who took part in the study, 45% were in the poor category of the physical fitness, while 37% and 18% were in the satisfactory and good fitness categories, respectively. A higher frequency of LTPA was associated with higher fitness (p < 0.001). Better HRQoL in terms of general health, physical functioning, mental health, and vitality were associated with better physical fitness. When the HRQoL of the study participants were compared with that of the age- and gender-weighted Finnish general population, both the good and satisfactory fitness groups had higher HRQoL in all areas other than bodily pain. In a regression analysis, higher LTPA was associated with three dimensions of HRQoL, higher physical fitness with two, and lower number of morbidities with all dimensions, while the effect of age was contradictory. Conclusions Our study of Finnish young men indicates that higher physical fitness and leisure-time physical activity level promotes certain dimensions of HRQoL, while morbidities impair them all. The results highlight the importance of health related physical fitness while promoting HRQoL.peerReviewe

Developing physical activity counselling in primary care through participatory action approach

Record sheet on patient visits. (DOCX 102 kb

Fyysisen toimintakyvyn mittaaminen ja arviointi väestötutkimuksissa

TOIMIA-suositus ID S029/29.09.202

Sex-driven variability in TSPO-expressing microglia in MS patients and healthy individuals

Background: Males with multiple sclerosis (MS) have a higher risk for disability progression than females, but the reasons for this are unclear.Objective: We hypothesized that potential differences in TSPO-expressing microglia between female and male MS patients could contribute to sex differences in clinical disease progression.Methods: The study cohort consisted of 102 MS patients (mean (SD) age 45.3 (9.7) years, median (IQR) disease duration 12.1 (7.0–17.2) years, 72% females, 74% relapsing–remitting MS) and 76 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. TSPO-expressing microglia were measured using the TSPO-binding radioligand [11C](R)-PK11195 and brain positron emission tomography (PET). TSPO-binding was quantified as distribution volume ratio (DVR) in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM), thalamus, whole brain and cortical gray matter (cGM).Results: Male MS patients had higher DVRs compared to female patients in the whole brain [1.22 (0.04) vs. 1.20 (0.02), p = 0.002], NAWM [1.24 (0.06) vs. 1.21 (0.05), p = 0.006], thalamus [1.37 (0.08) vs. 1.32 (0.02), p = 0.008] and cGM [1.25 (0.04) vs. 1.23 (0.04), p = 0.028]. Similarly, healthy men had higher DVRs compared to healthy women except for cGM. Of the studied subgroups, secondary progressive male MS patients had the highest DVRs in all regions, while female controls had the lowest DVRs.Conclusion: We observed higher TSPO-binding in males compared to females among people with MS and in healthy individuals. This sex-driven inherent variability in TSPO-expressing microglia may predispose male MS patients to greater likelihood of disease progression.<br/

Liikuntaneuvonnan kehittäminen terveyskeskuksissa

Suomalaiset liikkuvat terveytensä kannalta liian vähän. Neuvonta on perusterveydenhuollon tärkein liikkumisen edistämisen keino, mutta sen toteuttamisessa on puutteita. Liikuntaneuvonnan kehittäminen terveyskeskuksissa -hankkeen tavoitteena oli lisätä erityisesti lääkäreiden, hoitajien ja fysioterapeuttien 1) terveysliikunnan ja liikuntaneuvonnan osaamista, 2) liikuntaneuvonnan toteuttamista ja sisällön monipuolisuutta, 3) Liikkumisreseptin tuntemista ja käyttöä, 4) sisäistä ja sektorirajat ylittävää liikuntaneuvonnan yhteistyötä ja 5) liikuntaneuvonnan kirjaamista potilastietojärjestelmään. Aineisto kerättiin neljästä pirkanmaalaisesta terveyskeskuksesta. Kukin nimesi vastuutiimin puoli vuotta kestäneelle kehittämistyölle. Tutkijaryhmä tuki tiimejä neljällä tutortapaamisella. Tavoitteiden toteutumista arvioitiin 19 tulosmuuttujan alku- ja lopputilanteen välisillä eroilla prosenttiyksiköissä ja niiden 95 prosentin luottamusväleinä (LV). Mittareina käytettiin työntekijäkyselyä (N=75 alussa ja 80 lopussa), työtekijöiden kirjanpitoa potilaskäynneistä (N=1008 ja 1000), potilaskyselyä (N=441 ja 431) ja yhteistyötoimijoiden puhelinhaastatteluja (N=48 ja 28). Prosessia arvioitiin kehittämisvastuun ja -toimien toteutumisella vastuutiimin ja tutorin muistioiden avulla. Liikkumisreseptin tunteminen lisääntyi (työntekijäkysely, 39 %; LV 25,5–52,5) ja käyttö yleistyi (työntekijäkysely, 32 %; LV 18,9–45,1 ja kirjanpito, 4 %; LV 2,7–5,3). Suurempi osa työntekijöistä oli sopinut Liikkumisreseptin käytöstä työpaikalla (työntekijäkysely, 32 %; LV 20,3–43,7) ja käyttänyt Liikkumisreseptiä lähetteenä terveyskeskuksen sisällä (kirjanpito, 1 %; LV 0,3–1,7). Terveysliikunnan ja liikuntaneuvonnan osaaminen lisääntyi, mutta ei tilastollisesti merkitsevästi. Kehittämisvastuu jakautui vastuutiimeissä epätasaisesti ja ajan varaaminen kehittämistyölle oli vaikeaa, mikä heijastui kehittämistoimien määrään. Hanke onnistui parhaiten Liikkumisreseptin tuntemisen ja käytön mutta vähäisemmässä määrin terveysliikunnan ja liikuntaneuvonnan osaamisen lisäämisessä. Muiden tavoitteiden saavuttaminen saattaa edellyttää sitoutuneempaa, monipuolisempaa ja pidempikestoisempaa kehittämisotetta

Neck–Shoulder Region Training for Chronic Headache in Women : A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objectives: We investigated whether a specific exercise program for the neck–shoulder region reduces headache intensity, frequency, and duration, and how it influences neck disability among women with chronic headache compared to a control group. Design: Two-center randomized controlled trial. Subjects: 116 working-age women. Intervention: The exercise group (n = 57) performed a home-based program with six progressive exercise modules, over 6 months. The control group (n = 59) underwent six placebo-dosed transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation sessions. Both groups performed stretching exercises. Main measures: The primary outcome was pain intensity of headache, assessed using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale. Secondary outcomes were frequency and duration of weekly headaches, and neck disability assessed using the Neck Disability Index. Generalized linear mixed models were used. Results: Mean pain intensity at baseline was 4.7 (95% CI 4.4 to 5.0) in the exercise group and 4.8 (4.5 to 5.1) in the control group. After 6 months the decrease was slight with no between-group difference. Headache frequency decreased from 4.5 (3.9 to 5.1) to 2.4 (1.8 to 3.0) days/week in the exercise group, and from 4.4 (3.6 to 5.1) to 3.0 (2.4 to 3.6) in the control group (between-group p = 0.017). Headache duration decreased in both groups, with no between-group difference. Greater improvement in the Neck Disability Index was found in the exercise group (between-group change −1.6 [95% CI −3.1 to −0.2] points). Conclusion: The progressive exercise program almost halved headache frequency. The exercise program could be recommended as one treatment option for women with chronic headache.publishedVersionPeer reviewe

Uusia proteiinilähteitä ruokaturvan ja ympäristön hyväksi

Luken kirjat, raportit, oppaat ja esitteet201

Insights into disseminated MS brain pathology with multimodal diffusion tensor and PET imaging

Objective To evaluate in vivo the co-occurrence of microglial activation and microstructural white matter (WM) damage in the MS brain and to examine their association with clinical disability.Methods 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) brain PET imaging was performed for evaluation of microglial activation by using the radioligand [11C](R)-PK11195. TSPO binding was evaluated as the distribution volume ratio (DVR) from dynamic PET images. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and conventional MRI (cMRI) were performed at the same time. Mean fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean (MD), axial, and radial (RD) diffusivities were calculated within the whole normal-appearing WM (NAWM) and segmented NAWM regions appearing normal in cMRI. Fifty-five patients with MS and 15 healthy controls (HCs) were examined.Results Microstructural damage was observed in the NAWM of the MS brain. DTI parameters of patients with MS were significantly altered in the NAWM compared with an age- and sex-matched HC group: mean FA was decreased, and MD and RD were increased. These structural abnormalities correlated with increased TSPO binding in the whole NAWM and in the temporal NAWM (p Conclusions Widespread structural disruption in the NAWM is linked to neuroinflammation, and both phenomena associate with clinical disability. Multimodal PET and DTI allow in vivo evaluation of widespread MS pathology not visible using cMRI.</div