Contribution of the Epstein-Barr virus to the oncogenesis of mature T-cell lymphoproliferative neoplasms

EBV is a lymphotropic virus, member of the Herpesviridae family that asymptomatically infects more than 90% of the human population, establishing a latent infection in memory B cells. EBV exhibits complex survival and persistence dynamics, replicating its genome through the proliferation of infected B cells or production of the lytic virions. Many studies have documented the infection of T/NK cells by EBV in healthy individuals during and after primary infection. This feature has been confirmed in humanized mouse models. Together these results have challenged the hypothesis that the infection of T/NK cells per se by EBV could be a triggering event for lymphomagenesis. Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive nodal T- and NK-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) are two EBV-associated lymphomas of T/NK cells. These two lymphomas display different clinical, histological and molecular features. However, they share two intriguing characteristics: the association with EBV and a geographical prevalence in East Asia and Latin America. In this review we will discuss the genetic characteristics of EBV in order to understand the possible role of this virus in the oncogenesis of ENKTCL and NKTCL. In addition, the main immunohistological, molecular, cytogenetic and epigenetic differences between ENKTCL and NKTCL will be discussed, as well as EBV differences in latency patterns and other viral molecular characteristics

Multi- and single-joint resistance exercises promote similar plantar flexor activation in resistance trained men

The present study aimed to compare soleus, lateral, and medial gastrocnemius muscles activation during leg press and calf raise exercises in trained men. The study involved 22 trained men (27.1 ± 3.6 years, 82.7 ± 6.6 kg, 177.5 ± 5.2 cm, 3.6 ± 1.4 experience years) who performed one set of each exercise using a 10-repetition maximum (10RM) load in a counterbalanced randomized order and separated by 10 min of rest. The electromyographic signal was measured for the three major plantar flexors: soleus, medial, and lateral gastrocnemius. A comparison between exercises showed that the mean adjusted by peak values during the leg press were 49.20% for the gastrocnemius lateralis, 51.31% for the gastrocnemius medialis, and 50.76% for the soleus. Values for calf raise were 50.70%, 52.19%, and 51.34% for the lateral, medial gastrocnemius, and soleus, respectively. There were no significant differences between exercises for any muscle (lateral gastrocnemius (p = 0.230), medial gastrocnemius (p = 0.668), and soleus (p = 0.535)). The present findings suggest that both leg press and calf raises can be used with the purpose to recruit triceps surae muscles. This bring the suggestion that one can chose between exercises based on personal preferences and practical aspects, without any negative impact on muscle activation

Relation between the mineral nutrients and the Vitamin C content in camu-camu plants (Myrciria dubia) cultivated on high soils and flood soils of Ucayali, Peru

Camu-camu is a native plant of the Peruvian Amazon. It is noted for its high concentration of ascorbic acid, however this feature varies widely from one location to another due to genetic and environmental factors. In order to determine the relationship between mineral nutrients and the concentration of ascorbic acid in camu-camu plants, a study was conducted in three camu-camu producing areas in flood-prone soils and soils on dry land conditions in the Ucayali Region. For this purpose, soil samples and camu-camu were collected. The content of following macronutrients was analyzed: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium; also was determined the concentration of aluminum, pH, organic matter and ascorbic acid. The results show that the camu-camu plantations located in upland soils had lower concentrations of ascorbic acid and lower natural fertility, than soils prone to flooding. Ascorbic acid is negatively related to the concentration of aluminum and positively to the concentration of magnesium and phosphorus in the camu-camu producing areas. It is concluded that the concentration of ascorbic acid in camu-camu plants is best expressed when soils have better chemical attributes and good conditions of natural fertility

AVALIAÇÃO COMPARATIVA DE DESEMPENHO DE MÁQUINA PARA ANÁLISE DE AGREGADOS DE SOLOS

A análise de agregados de solo tem como objetivo principal aferir a agregação das partículas caracterizando as suas classes conforme o seu tamanho, observando níveis de estabilidade do solo como a resistência do solo a erosão. Este estudo teve por objetivo desenvolver um equipamento de repetições de oscilações verticais, qual é utilizado para determinar a estabilidade de agregados em água. A máquina testada tem a finalidade de ser de menor custo, fácil manuseio de trabalho e de desenvolvimento do equipamento. Com uma visão de inovação, o modelo e forma de trabalhar do equipamento ao invés de elétrico, ou por motores e correias, a oscilação das peneiras será por um pistão a vácuo, o qual realiza a mesma função, só que de maneira mais simples e eficaz. Testado e comparado com um equipamento desenvolvido por fabrica e já recomendado, o nosso estudo busca a viabilização do uso deste equipamento. O estudo foi conduzidos nos laboratórios de solos da UNOESC – Xanxerê, e UDESC – Lages. Os solos foram coletados em três áreas diferentes do município de Xanxerê – SC, sendo um Latossolo, Nitossolo e Organossolo, comparando diâmetro médio geométrico (DMG) e diâmetro médio ponderado (DMP), para cada solo. Utilizando o teste de Duncan a 5% e o teste T para comparação de duas médias. Para DMG os resultados para Latossolo e Nitossolo, não demonstrou diferença entre os solos, já para Organossolo o demonstrou diferença entre as máquinas. Para DMP os resultados para os solos não se diferiram. Comprovamos a eficiência do equipamento e o mesmo pode ser usado

Tratamento multiprofissional da obesidade sobre o risco cardiometabólico e a aptidão física relacionada à saúde de mulheres com obesidade severa

Objetivos: Analisar os efeitos de um programa multiprofissional de tratamento da obesidade (PMTO) sobre o risco cardiometabólico e a aptidão física relacionada à saúde (AFRS) de mulheres com obesidade severa. Materiais e Métodos: Participaram deste ensaio clínico pragmático 12 mulheres de um PMTO com 24 semanas incluindo prática de exercícios físicos, orientações de educação física, nutrição e psicologia. Resultados: Houve melhora significante em todos os parâmetros antropométricos, de composição corporal, da AFRS e nos níveis de triglicerídeos (p 0,05). Conclusão: A amostra apresentava um perfil inicial de risco cardiometabólico e de AFRS bastante comprometidos. Os resultados evidenciam que um PMTO, pautado na terapêutica usual para obesidade (exercício físico, orientação nutricional e suporte psicológico), foi eficaz em melhorar a AFRS, e, consequentemente, minimizar o risco cardiometabólico em mulheres com obesidade severa

Relation between the mineral nutrients and the Vitamin C content in camu-camu plants (Myrciria dubia) cultivated on high soils and flood soils of Ucayali, Peru

Camu-camu is a native plant of the Peruvian Amazon. It is noted for its high concentration of ascorbic acid, however this feature varies widely from one location to another due to genetic and environmental factors. In order to determine the relationship between mineral nutrients and the concentration of ascorbic acid in camu- camu plants, a study was conducted in three camu-camu producing areas in flood-prone soils and soils on dry land conditions in the Ucayali Region. For this purpose, soil samples and camu-camu were collected. The content of following macronutrients was analyzed: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium; also was determined the concentration of aluminum, pH, organic matter and ascorbic acid. The results show that the camu-camu plantations located in upland soils had lower concentrations of ascorbic acid and lower natural fertility, than soils prone to flooding. Ascorbic acid is negatively related to the concentration of aluminum and positively to the concentration of magnesium and phosphorus in the camu-camu producing areas. It is concluded that the concentration of ascorbic acid in camu-camu plants is best expressed when soils have better chemical attributes and good conditions of natural fertility.Institute for Research of the Peruvian AmazonTrabajo de investigaciónRevisión por pare

Alcohol Abuse Promotes Changes in Non-Synaptic Epileptiform Activity with Concomitant Expression Changes in Cotransporters and Glial Cells

Non-synaptic mechanisms are being considered the common factor of brain damage in status epilepticus and alcohol intoxication. the present work reports the influence of the chronic use of ethanol on epileptic processes sustained by non-synaptic mechanisms. Adult male Wistar rats administered with ethanol (1, 2 e 3 g/kg/d) during 28 days were compared with Control. Non-synaptic epileptiform activities (NEAs) were induced by means of the zero-calcium and high-potassium model using hippocampal slices. the observed involvement of the dentate gyrus (DG) on the neurodegeneration promoted by ethanol motivated the monitoring of the electrophysiological activity in this region. the DG regions were analyzed for the presence of NKCC1, KCC2, GFAP and CD11b immunoreactivity and cell density. the treated groups showed extracellular potential measured at the granular layer with increased DC shift and population spikes (PS), which was remarkable for the group E1. the latencies to the NEAs onset were more prominent also for the treated groups, being correlated with the neuronal loss. in line with these findings were the predispositions of the treated slices for neuronal edema after NEAs induction, suggesting that restrict inter-cell space counteracts the neuronal loss and subsists the hyper-synchronism. the significant increase of the expressions of NKCC1 and CD11b for the treated groups confirms the existence of conditions favorable to the observed edematous necrosis. the data suggest that the ethanol consumption promotes changes on the non-synaptic mechanisms modulating the NEAs. for the lower ethanol dosage the neurophysiological changes were more effective suggesting to be due to the less intense neurodegenertation.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Univ Fed Sao Joao del Rei, Dept Engn Biossistemas, Lab Neurociencia Expt & Computac, Sao Joao Del Rei, MG, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Disciplina Neurol Expt, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ciencia & Tecnol, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Disciplina Fisiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Disciplina Neurol Expt, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ciencia & Tecnol, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Disciplina Fisiol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Produção in vitro de embriões bovinos em tubos sem controle da atmosfera gasosa

The increase in OPU utilization requires an alternative to start the early phases of PIV without a controlled atmosphere. The development of a practical and simple way to transport/mature/fertilize might enhance the efficiency of the laboratory and consequently decrease its production costs. The aim of this study was to develop a method for cumulus oocytes complexes (CCO) maturation and fertilization in polypropylene tubes without atmosphere control kept in water bath. The in vitro maturation performed with controlled atmosphere was in TCM-199 modified (control group). The water bath treatments in tubes the TCM-199 had a addition of 25 mM of N-2-hidroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanosulfonic acid (HEPES). The CCO in vitro fertilization was performed in Talp-Fert medium with 10mM a 28.7 mM of HEPES, under mineral oil in tubes kept in water bath at 39°C, during 10 to 18 hours. Zygotes were cultured 4 well dishes, in bag system, with SOFaa medium with 5,00% estrus cow serum, under mineral oil, in incubator with 5,00%CO2, 5,00%O2 and 90,00%N2, at 39°C for 9 days. The results showed that CCO can be matured for 24 hours in tubes kept in water bath and also fertilized during 10 hours in tubes with Talp-Fert medium added of 25mM HEPES. The cleavage, D7 and D9 blastocysts rates in tubes without controlled atmosphere were similar (P>;0.05) to those in the incubator procedures. However, the fertilization in Talp-Fert medium added of 10mM a 28.7 mM of HEPES in tubes kept in water bath for 18 hours had a detrimental effect on the embryonic development.Com a maior utilização da OPU existe a necessidade de encontrar alternativas para iniciar as primeiras fases da PIV sem controle da atmosfera. O desenvolvimento de um método prático e simples de transporte/maturação/fecundação permitiria maior eficiência do laboratório e diminuição dos custos de produção. O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver um método de maturação e fecundação para complexos cumulus oócitos (CCO) em tubos de polipropileno sem gaseificação, mantidos em banho-maria. A maturação in vitro em estufa foi conduzida em TCM-199 modificado (controle) enquanto que para os tratamentos em banho-maria, em tubos, o meio foi acrescido de 25mM de N-2-hidroxietilpiperazina-N'-2-ácido etanosulfônico (HEPES). Na fecundação in vitro dos oócitos em tubos, os CCO foram mantidos em banho-maria a 39°C em Talp-Fert, acrescido de HEPES em concentrações entre 10mM a 28,7 mM por 10 a 18 horas, sob óleo mineral. O cultivo realizou-se em placas em bolsas gaseificadas com meio SOFaaci com soro de vaca em estro (SVE), sob óleo mineral, em estufa com 5,00%CO2 , 5,00%O2 e 90,00% de N2 a 39°C, por 9 dias. Verificou-se que CCO maturados por 24h em tubos não gaseificados, mantidos em banho-maria também podem ser fecundados em meio Talp-Fert com 25 mM de HEPES, em tubos não gaseificados, mantidos em banho-maria durante 10 horas. As taxas de clivagem, blastocistos em D7 e D9 em tubos não gaseificados foram semelhantes (P>;0,05) aos procedimentos em estufa. A fecundação em Talp-Fert com 10 mM a 28,7 mM de HEPES em tubos mantidos em banho-maria prejudica o desenvolvimento embrionário quando conduzida por 18 horas

PCR e PCR-US como indicador de risco em doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis: uma revisão

Introduction: Low-grade systemic inflammation underlies many diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and vascular disease. In this sense, and because it is considered the most promising biomarker in chronic health conditions, the high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) has been gaining prominence in the scientific literature in the evaluation of several non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs). Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze studies that have used CRP or hsCRP as a risk indicator.Material and Methods: For this purpose, a systematic review was carried out on the SCIELO database, restricting the search to national studies, with the descriptors “Protein C Reactive”, “ High-Sensitivity Protein C Reactive “ and “Protein C Reactive Ultra-Sensitive”.Results: After applying the selection criteria that included studies with human beings, with chronic diseases and with CRP or hsCRP values presented by group, 17 articles were analyzed, with a total of 12,493 participants. In general, the results of the studies reinforce the usefulness of CRP in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment effect in all the studies analyzed.Conclusion: It is concluded, therefore, that hs-CRP has diagnostic value in several chronic health conditions, however some precautions must be observed for the appropriate use of this information.A inflamação sistêmica de baixo grau está na base de muitas doenças, incluindo a obesidade, diabetes tipo 2, hipertensão e doenças vasculares. Nesse sentido, e por ser considerado o biomarcador mais promissor nas condições crônicas de saúde, a proteína C-reativa ultra sensível (PCR-us) vem ganhando destaque na literatura na avaliação de diversas doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT). Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi analisar estudos que tenham utilizado a PCR ou a PCR-us como indicador de risco. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática na base SCIELO, restringindo a busca a trabalhos nacionais, com os descritores “Proteína C Reativa”, “Proteína C Reativa de Alta-Sensibilidade” e “Proteína C Reativa Ultra-Sensível”. Após a aplicação dos critérios de seleção que incluíam estudos com seres humanos, com DCNT, com valores de PCR ou PCR-us por grupo, foram analisados 17 artigos, com um total de participantes de 12.493. De maneira geral, os resultados dos trabalhos reforçam a utilidade da PCR no diagnóstico, prognóstico e efeito de tratamento na totalidade dos estudos analisados. Conclui-se, portanto, que a PCR-us tem valor diagnóstico em diversos quadros crônicos de saúde, no entanto alguns cuidados devem ser observados para o adequado uso dessas informações