O impacto do desempenho da produtividade do capital para o crescimento econômico nos setores e regiões brasileiras: uma análise de 2004 a 2014

Este trabalho objetivou estudar a produtividade brasileira entre 2004-2014 e o impacto no crescimento. Esse assunto é importante porque a produtividade é considerada determinante fundamental do crescimento econômico. Para isto, foi estudado o seu desempenho por meio da produtividade capital e análises setoriais e regionais, buscando verificar onde mais se contribuiu para a baixa produtividade agregada. Ademais, constatado o desempenho da produtividade, foram realizadas decomposições do crescimento para verificar como decorreu a contribuição da produtividade para o crescimento. Dentre os resultados obtidos, se verificou que ocorreu diminuição na produtividade do capital em todas as regiões e setores, exceto nos serviços, contribuindo negativamente no crescimento. Portanto, se verifica que o baixo crescimento brasileiro tem se pautado na contribuição negativa da eficiência produtiva

Bases anatômicas e papel do cirurgião dentista na neuralgia do trigêmeo: uma revisão da literatura / Anatomical basis and the role of the dental surgeon on trigeminal neuralgia: a literature review

Introdução e Objetivos: A neuralgia do trigêmeo é uma condição dolorosa, sendo essencial o conhecimento sobre sua etiologia, diagnóstico e tipos de tratamentos. É importante destacar também o papel do cirurgião dentista, sendo ele fundamental na diferenciação da origem da dor e diagnóstico dessa desordem. O objetivo desse estudo foi fazer uma revisão de literatura acerca da neuralgia do trigêmeo, abordando os seus principais aspectos anatômicos e ressaltando a importância do dentista no manejo dessa doença. Métodos: A busca bibliográfica para a revisão de literatura foi realizada nos bancos de dados “Google Acadêmico”, “PubMed” e “Elsevier”, usando as palavras-chave: “Neuralgia do trigêmeo”, “Anatomia” e “Odontologia”. Foram selecionados 35 artigos em inglês, publicados desde 2001 até 2020. Além desses, foi selecionado mais um artigo, anterior a esse período, e alguns livros devido à relevância científica. Resultados: O mecanismo fisiopatológico ainda não foi totalmente desvendado, mas a teoria mais aceita é que a principal causa da neuralgia do trigêmeo é o contato neurovascular. Atividades de mínimo estímulo podem desencadear a dor, afetando diretamente a qualidade de vida do paciente. O diagnóstico é feito com base nas características clínicas do paciente e confirmação com exames de imagem. As opções de tratamento incluem medicamentos, cirurgia e manejos complementares. Conclusão: A neuralgia do trigêmeo diminui consideravelmente a qualidade de vida do indivíduo acometido. Assim, pela localização e sintomas da neuralgia do trigêmeo, associadas ao domínio da anatomia, o papel do dentista é fundamental na diferenciação da origem da dor e diagnóstico, associando seu conhecimento junto aos médicos para um melhor manejo e tratamento dessa desordem.

Solid Iridociliary Carcinoma in a Dog

Background: Iridociliary epithelial tumors (ICETs) originate from the iris epithelium or ciliary body. They comprise ciliary body adenoma, carcinoma, pleomorphic adenocarcinomas, medulloepitheliomas, and other primitive neuroectodermal tumors. They are the second most common primary intraocular tumors in dogs and have already been reported in sheep and humans. In dogs, they occur more frequently in middle-aged to elderly animals, and the Labrador and Golden Retriever seem to be more predisposed breeds. This study aimed to describe the clinical and pathological aspects of solid iridociliary carcinoma in a dog. Case: A 3-year-old Poodle bitch was treated for discomfort in the left eyeball region, increased intraocular pressure and moderate buphthalmia. A direct ophthalmological examination was performed without equipment, and a mass was visualized in the posterior chamber, distorting the pupillary cleft. We opted for unilateral enucleation and forwarded the material for histological analysis. Macroscopically, the eyeball measured 3.4 cm (anteroposterior) x 2.6 cm (vertical), with a brownish mass that occupied the entire anterior chamber and part of the posterior chamber. Histologically, there was a neoformation in the ciliary body and iris pigment epithelium, partially well-delimited and densely cellular. The neoplasm was organized into predominantly solid formations interspersed with a discrete amount of blood vessels, rare bundles of fibrous stroma, and amorphous eosinophilic material forming membranes that were positive for PAS. Sections of the neoplasm were subjected to immunohistochemistry using anti-cytokeratin AE1/AE3, anti-S100 protein, anti-vimentin, and anti-Ki-67. Positive cytoplasmic immunostaining for cytokeratin and S-100 was observed. Only 45.6% of cells were positive for Ki-67 (500 cells). No immunostaining was observed for vimentin. Discussion: The diagnosis of solid iridociliary carcinoma was based on the histological features and positive immunostaining for cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and protein S100. Iridociliary carcinomas present positive immunostaining for cytokeratin, whereas adenomas and normal iridociliary epithelium do not present this immunostaining. Moreover, the high rate of cell proliferation was indicative of malignant neoplasia, as observed by the high mitotic count and high positivity for Ki-67. The S100 protein helped in the diagnosis of ICETs, as the iridociliary epithelium showed positive staining for this protein. Some histological features are important to consider in the diagnosis of iridociliary tumors in dogs, such as noninvasive growth in the posterior chamber, pigment epithelium, and thick homogeneous membranes on the cell surface. Furthermore, the presence of positive PAS membranes favors the diagnosis of iridociliary epithelial tumors. ICETs must be differentiated from melanocytomas, anterior uveal melanoma, medulloepitheliomas, and metastatic and pleomorphic carcinomas. The histological characteristics, especially the presence of PAS-positive membranes, associated with the immunohistochemical profile of neoplasm cells, help differentiate the ICETs from these tumors. In general, the prognosis is poor for eyeball and vision maintenance in canine iridociliary tumors, and scleral invasion is associated with a higher recurrence rate.   Keywords: neoplasm, eye, immunohistochemistry, cytokeratin, S100 protein

Understanding gender differences through free interactions at scholar environment

Evolutionary Psychology considers that gender differences in play are a result of cultural influences upon pre-dispositions selected in the species. The compatibility of these differences with theoretical prevision was investigated. Seventy three six/seven years old students of private schools were recorded in four 30 minutes sessions. Playful behavior frequency and playmate choice were counted. Later, 21 children were asked about favourite plays and how they classified those plays accordingly to gender patterns. Both sexes participated in similar activities but their interactions were mostly restricted to members of the same sex. It was also observed that there were topographic differences in the way they played, accordingly to sex. The interviews, as shown in the literature, allowed to identify that the speech and the behavior observed were different, with a higher cultural influence upon the speech.Para a Psicologia Evolucionista as diferenças de gênero existentes nas brincadeiras resultam de influências culturais que interagem com uma pré-disposição selecionada na espécie. Objetivou-se investigar se tais diferenças seriam compatíveis com dimorfismo sexual descrito na literatura da área. Setenta e três alunos entre seis e sete anos de uma escola particular foram filmados em quatro sessões de 30 minutos de recreio. Contabilizou-se a freqüência dos comportamentos e os pares com que ocorriam. Posteriormente, 21 crianças foram entrevistadas sobre suas brincadeiras prediletas e suas classificações de brincadeiras segundo o gênero. Pôde-se observar que ambos os sexos participam de atividades similares, mas em interações intra-sexuais. Além disso, observaram-se diferenças topográficas na forma de brincar, de acordo com o sexo. Nas entrevistas, como previa a literatura, foram registradas diferenças entre o relatado e o observado, indicando maior influência cultural sobre o conteúdo relatado

Sexual behavior and its association with persistent oral lesions : analysis of the POP-Brazil study

Objectives To investigate whether the presence of persistent self-reported oral lesions (PSOLs) is associated with sexual behaviors and with the presence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in individuals aged 16–25 years in the state capitals of Brazil. Materials and Methods Data from the POP-Brazil study were analyzed. An association analysis was performed by Poisson regression with the presence of PSOLs as the outcome. The exposure variables were the age at first sexual intercourse, the number of partners, oral sex practice, and aspects of condom use for model 1, and the presence of a self-reported STI or a positive rapid test for HIV/syphilis and the presence of genital human papillomavirus (HPV) for model 2. The results were adjusted for socioeconomic variables. Results The prevalence of PSOLs was 76% higher among individuals who had two or more sexual partners in the past year (p = 0.046) and 68% higher in those who reported not using condoms for contraception (p = 0.032). The group with HIV/syphilis or self-reported STI had a 140% higher PSOL prevalence (p = 0.003). Conclusions The self-report of oral lesions in adolescents and young adults may suggest risky sexual behavior and the presence of STI. Clinical relevance It is necessary to contextualize the reality of the young person to optimize oral health care

Circulating extracellular vesicles and particles derived from adipocytes : the potential role in spreading microRNAs associated with cellular senescence

Aging is associated with adipose tissue dysfunction and is recognized as a risk factor for shortened life span. Considering that in vitro findings have shown the involvement of microRNA in extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) on senescence, we hypothesized that circulating EVPs derived from adipocytes can be involved in the aging process via their microRNA cargo. We aimed to determine the microRNA profiles of circulating EVPs derived from adipocytes (FABP4+) from aged and young adult animals and to perform in silico prediction of their downstream signaling effects. Plasma was obtained from Wistar rats (3 and 21 months old), and adipocyte-derived EVPs were isolated using the commercially available kit. Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) was used for adipocyte-derived EVPs isolation; microRNA isolation and microarray expression analysis were performed. The analysis revealed 728 miRNAs, 32 were differentially between groups (p < 0.05; fold change ≥ |1.1|), of which 15 miRNAs were upregulated and 17 were downregulated in circulating EVPs from aged animals compared to young adults. A conservative filter was applied, and 18 microRNAs had experimentally validated and highly conserved predicted mRNA targets, with a total of 2,228 mRNAs. Canonical pathways, disease and functions, and upstream regulator analyses were performed using IPA-QIAGEN, allowing a global and interconnected evaluation. IPA categories impacted negatively were cell cycle, cellular development, cellular growth and proliferation, and tissue development, while those impacted positively were “digestive system cancer” and “endocrine gland tumor.” Interestingly, the upregulated miR-15-5p targets several cyclins, such as CCND1 and CCND2, and miR-24-3p seems to target CDK4 (cyclin-dependent kinase 4); then potentially inhibiting their expression, both miRNAs can induce a negative regulation of cell cycle progression. In contrast, silencing of negative cell cycle checkpoint regulators, such as p21 and p16, can be predicted, which can induce impairment in response to genotoxic stressors. In addition, predicted targets, such as SMAD family members, seem to be involved in the positive control of digestive and endocrine tumors. Taken together, this exploratory study indicates that miRNA signature in circulating adipocyte-derived EVPs may be involved with the double-edged sword of cellular senescence, including irreversible proliferation arrest and tissue-dependent cancer, and seems to be suitable for further validation and confirmatory studies

Secretory carcinoma of the canine mammary gland with nodal and bone metastases: Case report

Background: Secretory carcinoma is a rare histological type of breast neoplasm in humans and dogs that is characterized by the presence of intracellular and extracellular eosinophilic secretions.Case Description: In this case report, we describe the cytological, histological, and immunohistochemical characteristics of secretory mammary carcinoma in a 10-year-old mixed-breed female dog with nodal and bone metastases. The bitch had a history of claudication and a mass in the left humeral scapular region, which revealed osteolysis of the proximal humerus on radiography. Fine-needle aspiration cytology revealed numerous neoplastic cells arranged mostly in cohesive groups but sometimes isolated, that contained cytoplasmic vacuoles and had a moderate-to-high nucleus: cytoplasm ratio with frequent karyomegaly and evident nucleoli. Histologically, the neoplasm was organized in solid, tubular structures with luminal spaces filled with eosinophilic secretions and was composed of cells with clear cytoplasm and prominent vacuoles that pushed the nuclei to the periphery, resembling signet ring cells. The extracellular and intracytoplasmic material of the epithelial cells was positive for periodic acid-Schiff staining and immunoreactive for alpha-lactalbumin. Two chemotherapy sessions were performed, but 1 month after surgery, the clinical condition worsened, and euthanasia was elected, accounting for 133 days of survival after surgical removal of the tumor.Conclusion: The bitch presented with secretory mammary carcinoma with nodal and bone metastases, and histological and immunohistochemical characteristics were important for diagnosis. The morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics of this carcinoma were similar to those observed in humans. Mammary gland secretory carcinoma with bone metastasis must be included as a differential diagnosis among canine mammary gland carcinomas showing cellular morphological characteristics of intracytoplasmic vacuolization and eosinophilic secretion

Design of a school randomized trial for nudging students towards healthy diet and physical activity to prevent obesity:PAAPAS Nudge study protocol

Submitted by Janaína Nascimento ([email protected]) on 2019-06-26T13:41:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Cunha_Diana_etal_INI_2017.pdf: 188285 bytes, checksum: 9c5af1590f81759ea357050b01c74cce (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Janaína Nascimento ([email protected]) on 2019-06-26T14:10:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Cunha_Diana_etal_INI_2017.pdf: 188285 bytes, checksum: 9c5af1590f81759ea357050b01c74cce (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-06-26T14:10:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Cunha_Diana_etal_INI_2017.pdf: 188285 bytes, checksum: 9c5af1590f81759ea357050b01c74cce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017State University of Rio de Janeiro. Social Medicine Institute. Department of Epidemiology. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.State University of Rio de Janeiro. Social Medicine Institute. Department of Epidemiology. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.State University of Rio de Janeiro. Social Medicine Institute. Department of Epidemiology. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil / Brazilian Navy. Naval Academy. Department of Physical Education and Sports. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca. Departamento de Epidemiologia e Métodos Quantitativos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.State University of Rio de Janeiro. Social Medicine Institute. Department of Epidemiology. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Fluminense Federal University. Institute of Collective Health. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics. Niterói, RJ, Brazil.State University of Rio de Janeiro. Social Medicine Institute. Department of Epidemiology. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Fluminense Federal University. Institute of Collective Health. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics. Niterói, RJ, Brazil.State University of Rio de Janeiro. Nutrition Institute. Department of Social Nutrition. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.State University of Rio de Janeiro. Nutrition Institute. Department of Social Nutrition. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.University of Copenhagen. Department of Food Science. Copenhagen, Denmark.Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Department of Social and Applied Nutrition. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.State University of Rio de Janeiro. Social Medicine Institute. Department of Epidemiology. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of nudge activities at school on the students’ body mass index (BMI). Design: School-based factorial randomized community trial. Setting: Eighteen public schools in the municipality of Duque de Caxias, metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Participants and intervention: The 18 schools will be randomized into 4 group arms: group 1—control (without any activity); group 2—will receive educational activities in the classroom; group 3—will receive changes in the school environment (nudge strategies); group 4—will receive educational activities and changes in the school environment. Activities will occur during the 2018 school-year. Main outcomemeasure(s): The primary (BMI) and secondary (body fat percentage) outcomes will be assessed at baseline and after the study using a portable electronic scale with a segmental body composition monitor. The height will be measured by a portable stadiometer. Analysis: Statistical analyses for each outcome will be conducted through linear mixed models that took into account the missing data and cluster effect of the schools. Abbreviations: BMI = body mass index, CONSORT = Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials, PAAPPAS = Portuguese abbreviation of parents, students, community health agents and teachers for healthy eating, Rec24-h = 24-hour recall, SLM = Smarter Lunchrooms Movement

Isolamento social e ansiedade durante a pandemia da COVID-19: uma análise psicossocial / Social isolation and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: a psychosocial analysis

Devido o cenário abrupto da chegada da pandemia da Covid-19, bem como a necessidade do distanciamento social como medida preventiva da doença, houve um impacto brusco com mudança de hábitos e o início de readaptação frente a essa nova realidade. Dessa forma, além dos efeitos na saúde física, foi visto também consequências nos âmbitos mental e emocional. O presente estudo aborda as principais alterações psiquiátricas ocorridas no contexto do isolamento social a partir de uma revisão narrativa