Economic rents, institutions and growth: international aid and natural resources: a comparative analysis

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Economics from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsThe aim of this study is to investigate to what extent foreign aid rents and natural resource rents can be compared with respect to their impact on economic growth. For this purpose, the direct impact of both economic rents on GDP growth, as well as their impact conditional on the quality of the institutional environment is assessed in cross-country and panel contexts. A natural resource curse is indeed identified in countries with poor institutional quality, however results regarding the impact of international aid rents are ambiguous

O Pibid como agente fortalecedor da formação inicial de professores de geografia

Anais do II Seminário Seminário Estadual PIBID do Paraná: tecendo saberes / organizado por Dulcyene Maria Ribeiro e Catarina Costa Fernandes — Foz do Iguaçu: Unioeste; Unila, 2014Através do acompanhamento da prática didática do professor supervisor do PIBID, do Subprojeto de Geografia da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, foi possível analisar questionários aplicados aos alunos do ensino médio a fim de fazer um diagnóstico traçando um perfil dos mesmos, e em relação ao seu conhecimento em Geografia. Assim, uma das categorias de análise desse questionário, dizia respeito à escolha da profissão, onde a maioria dos alunos que já sabiam a qual prendiam seguir, não optavam pelas licenciaturas. Buscamos saber então, se esta realidade se repetia entre os bolsistas do PIBID, do subprojeto de Geografia, assim, aplicamos outro questionário aos mesmos, perguntando sobre a licenciatura como primeira escolha e se o PIBID de alguma forma os influenciou na decisão de seguir na carreira de professores de Geografia. Sendo assim, o PIBID pode ser uma maneira de incentivar tanto os alunos do ensino médio como acadêmicos, na escolha pela carreira da licenciatur

One-year mortality after hemodialysis initiation: the prognostic role of the CHA2DS2-VASc Score

© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Background: CKD is a significant cause of morbidity, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. CHA2DS2-VASc is a score used in patients with atrial fibrillation to predict thromboembolic risk; it also appears to be useful to predict mortality risk. The aim of the study was to evaluate CHA2DS2-VASc scores as a tool for predicting one-year mortality after hemodialysis is started and for identifying factors associated with higher mortality. Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients who started hemodialysis between January 2014 and December 2019 in Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte. We evaluated mortality within one year of hemodialysis initiation. The CHA2DS2-VASc score was calculated at the start of hemodialysis. Results: Of 856 patients analyzed, their mean age was 68.3 ± 15.5 years and the majority were male (61.1%) and Caucasian (84.5%). Mortality within one-year after starting hemodialysis was 17.8% (n = 152). The CHA2DS2-VASc score was significantly higher (4.4 ± 1.7 vs. 3.5 ± 1.8, p < 0.001) in patients who died and satisfactorily predicted the one-year risk of mortality (AUC 0.646, 95% CI 0.6-0.7, p < 0.001), with a sensitivity of 71.7%, a specificity of 49.1%, a positive predictive value of 23.9% and a negative predictive value of 89.2%. In the multivariate analysis, CHA2DS2-VASc ≥3.5 (adjusted HR 2.24 95% CI (1.48-3.37), p < 0.001) and central venous catheter at dialysis initiation (adjusted HR 3.06 95% CI (1.93-4.85)) were significant predictors of one-year mortality. Conclusion: A CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥3.5 and central venous catheter at hemodialysis initiation were predictors of one-year mortality, allowing for risk stratification in hemodialysis patients.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Vivir con cáncer: la percepción de los pacientes oncológicos

Objective: to know the perception of living with cancer for oncological patients. Method: it is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study. It was developed in a radiotherapy center in a Teaching Hospital in south of Brazil, between October and November 2007. The participants were seven patients with cancer who came to the service for revision of up to six months after the end of the treatment. Results: the diagnosis brings changes and limitations to their lives, such as feelings of fear, sadness and anxiety. To overcome the adversities they count with the support of family, friends, work and religion. Conclusions: it is understood that this living is permeated by individual and subjective characteristics, occurring transformations in these people’s lives demanding that they find means to adapt to this new condition. Descriptors: Neoplasms; Survival; Oncologic nursing; Chronic disease; Life change events

C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio and six-month mortality in incident hemodialysis patients

© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.Background: The first few months of hemodialysis (HD) are associated with a higher risk of mortality. Protein-energy malnutrition is a demonstrated major risk factor for mortality in this population. The C-Reactive Protein to Albumin ratio (CAR) has also been associated with increased mortality risk. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of CAR for six-month mortality in incident HD patients. Methods: Retrospective analysis of incident HD patients between January 2014 and December 2019. CAR was calculated at the start of HD. We analyzed six-month mortality. A Cox regression was performed to predict six-month mortality and the discriminatory ability of CAR was determined using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: A total of 787 patients were analyzed (mean age 68.34 ± 15.5 years and 60.6% male). The 6-month mortality was 13.8% (n = 109). Patients who died were significantly older (p < 0.001), had more cardiovascular disease (p = 0.010), had central venous catheter at the start of HD (p < 0.001), lower parathyroid hormone (PTH) level (p = 0.014) and higher CAR (p = 0.015). The AUC for mortality prediction was 0.706 (95% CI (0.65-0.76), p < 0.001). The optimal CAR cutoff was ≥0.5, HR 5.36 (95% CI 3.21-8.96, p < 0.001). Conclusion: We demonstrated that higher CAR was significantly associated with a higher mortality risk in the first six months of HD, highlighting the prognostic importance of malnutrition and inflammation in patients starting chronic HD.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Condições higienicossanitárias em restaurantes populares de cidades brasileiras

Introdução: Os restaurantes populares visam garantir a segurança alimentar e nutricional em populações socialmente vulneráveis, fornecendo refeições nutricionalmente balanceadas e em condições higienicossanitárias adequadas. Para tanto, é necessário implantar e implementar medidas de controle sanitário e de higiene. Objetivo: Avaliar as condições higienicossanitárias de restaurantes populares de cidades brasileiras. Método: Estudo transversal, descritivo, realizado de novembro a dezembro de 2020, em 11 restaurantes populares, nos municípios de Belém (PA), São Luís e Paço do Lumiar (MA), São Paulo (SP), Niterói (RJ) e Brasília (DF). Na avaliação das condições higienicossanitárias, aplicou-se a Lista de  Verificação das Boas Práticas para Serviços de Alimentação, com base na RDC n° 216, de 15 de dezembro de 2004, da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária, contendo 156 itens categorizados em 12 grupos. Calculou-se o percentual de adequação dos estabelecimentos, sendo classificado em: “adequado”, “parcialmente adequado” e “inadequado”. Resultados: As condições higienicossanitárias dos  restaurantes populares apresentaram média geral de adequação de 85,4%, obtendo classificação “adequado”. O único grupo que apresentou menor média de adequação classificada como “parcialmente adequado” (73,7%) foi “edificações, instalações, equipamentos, móveis e  utensílios”. Os demais grupos foram classificados como “adequados”. Conclusões: Os restaurantes populares apresentaram, na média global de adequação, condições higienicossanitárias adequadas para a produção de refeições. Todavia, é necessário corrigir as inadequações encontradas no grupo cuja média foi “parcialmente adequada”, de modo a evitar o risco sanitário e garantir a distribuição de refeições seguras aos consumidores. Cabe à Vigilância Sanitária municipal inspecionar e monitorar o cumprimento das normas sanitárias vigentes por esses estabelecimentos

The atopic dermatitis’ impact on the life quality of pediatric patients and their caregivers / O impacto da dermatite atópica na qualidade de vida dos pacientes pediátricos e seus cuidadores

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory dermatoses, pruritic and relapsing, with variable density in which attacks mostly patients in pediatric age group. Therefore, the disease can cause a series of psychological and social damage because of its consequences at the family’s routine. Thus, the disease gets involved at the daily activities and interpersonal relationship. In summary, this study objective is to review articles about atopic dermatitis’ impact on the life quality of pediatric patients and their caregivers, using integrative review and literature's descriptive as a method, with a quality approach, at SciELO and Google Scholar data base in the month of June of 2021 with the words: “atopic eczema”, “children”, “relatives” and “welfare”. It was found 200 articles written in English, Portuguese and Spanish, published between 2012 and 2021 that had public access. From this number, 11 studies were selected to compose this review’s data base. In conclusion, the atopic dermatitis negatively affects the daily life of pediatric patients and their caregivers. The discomfort caused by the pruritic eczema adds to sleep deprivation and affects the children’s development at school, family and psychosocial life. The worst of this disease is related to bad quality of life index. A better understanding of atopic dermatitis’ impact can positively affect the patient’s frequent treatment and therapeutic strategies. 

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): screening, treatment and survival analysis in a Brazilian series

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical features, Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) screening, treatment modalities, and Overall Survival (OS) in a series of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma (NAFLD-HCC) Brazilian patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study at the Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, at the Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo with the approval of the local research ethics committee. NAFLD patients with HCC diagnosed, from May&nbsp;2010 to May&nbsp;2019, were included. Results: A total of&nbsp;131&nbsp;patients were included. Risk factors for NAFLD were present in&nbsp;94.7% of the patients. Only&nbsp;29% of patients were in the HCC screening program before diagnosis. HCC treatment was performed in&nbsp;84.7% of patients. Cumulative survival at the end of the first year was&nbsp;72%, second-year&nbsp;52%, and fifth-year&nbsp;32%. HCC screening before diagnosis was not significantly associated with higher cumulative survival. The independent factors associated with shorter general survival were BCLC C-D, p &lt; 0.001, and the size of the largest nodule&nbsp;&gt; 42&nbsp;mm, p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.039. Conclusions: Although the efficacy of screening in our population regarding overall survival was hampered due to the sample size (29%&nbsp;had screening), BCLC stages&nbsp;C‒D and the size of the largest nodule larger than&nbsp;42&nbsp;mm were identified as independent factors of worse prognosis

Food and nutritional security council: analysis of the social control over the food and nutritional security state policy in the State of Espírito Santo

Hunger, specific nutritional needs and all other forms of expression of food insecurity are not recent phenomena, nor is the concern about stanching them. The Food and Nutritional Security concept was reformulated and expanded over the years, and its current form aims not only to preserve, but also to expand the principle of social control regarding the formulation and monitoring of Food and Nutritional Security actions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the social control of the Food and Nutritional Security Council of the State of Espírito Santo in relation to the FNS state policy, through the analysis of its internal regulations; the deliberations contained in the minutes of ordinary and extraordinary meetings of the council; and additional evaluation of the attendance of the entities' representatives. The predominance of deliberations about the organization of the structure and internal dynamics was observed, as well as reports on deliberations about the monitoring, proposals and FNS actions. There was also a significant amount of absences of civil and state entities' representatives at council meetings. It follows that although the Council represents an important strategy of social control in the pursuit of FNS state policies, this participation has not yet been fully carried out.A fome, as carências nutricionais específicas e todas as outras formas de manifestação de insegurança alimentar não são fenômenos recentes, assim como a preocupação em estancá-las. Para tanto, ao longo dos anos, o conceito de segurança alimentar e nutricional foi reformulado e ampliado, e a atual concepção prima não somente por preservar, mas ampliar o princípio de controle social na formulação e no monitoramento das ações de segurança alimentar e nutricional. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o controle social do Conselho de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional do Espírito Santo em relação à política estadual de SAN, por meio da análise de seu regimento interno; das deliberações contidas nas atas das reuniões ordinárias e extraordinárias do conselho e da avaliação complementar da frequência dos conselheiros representantes das entidades. Observou-se uma predominância de deliberações sobre a organização da estrutura e dinâmica interna e informe, em relação às deliberações sobre o monitoramento, as propostas e as ações de SAN. Constatou-se também quantidade significativa de ausências dos conselheiros representativos das entidades civis e do estado nas reuniões do conselho. Conclui-se que embora o Conselho se constitua em uma importante estratégia de controle social na realização das políticas de SAN no Estado, essa participação ainda não tem sido realizada de forma plena