PVP solid dispersions containing Poloxamer 407 or TPGS for the improvement of ursolic acid release

Solid dispersions (SDs) of ursolic acid (UA) were developed using polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30) in combination with non-ionic surfactants, such as D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) or poloxamer 407 (P407) with the aim of enhancing solubility and in vitro release of the UA. SDs were investigated using a 24 full factorial design, subsequently the selected formulations were characterized for water solubility, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), particle diameter, scanning electron microscopy, drug content, physical-chemical stability and in vitro release profile. SDs showed higher UA water-solubility than physical mixtures (PMs), which was attributed by transition of the drug from crystalline to amorphous or molecular state in the SDs, as indicated by XRD and DSC analyses. SD1 (with P407) and SD2 (with TPGS) were chosen for further investigation because they had higher drug load. SD1 proved to be more stable than SD2, revealing that P407 contributed to ensure the stability of the UA. Furthermore, SD1 and SD2 increased UA release by diffusion and swelling-controlled transport, following the Weibull model. Thus, solid dispersions obtained with PVP k-30 and P407 proved to be advantageous to enhance aqueous solubility and stability of UA

Open Medical Library : cooperation and Scientific Communication Network through RSS

One of the fastest and most performing tools on Web 2.0 is RSS (Really Simple Syndication). It allows the access to digital content without constantly visiting the pages where it is stored. Syndication enables to share all kind of informationin XML format, and offers us the opportunity of showing our own content in other web pages in an integrated way, giving an added value to the information. In this communication we would like to present a Network Collaborative Project between medical libraries belonging to different institutions, located in different geographical areas and with different purposes, objectives and interests (some of them focusing on research and teaching and other on medical practice). Our medical libraries have incorporated "the content syndication", on the one hand, as another tool for medical librarian work and, on the other hand, as a value-added service in order to be useful to different users such as medical staff, teachers, researchers or students. RSS lets us share information channels, creating a space for collaborative research. Syndication is a great help to our users as it develops a new trend in the content management sector, which is changing considerably the relationship with information, for both users and librarians' point of view

Mujeres en la universidad española: diferencias de género en el alumnado de grado

The first female registration at Spanish university takes place in the year 1872 when María Elena Maseras Ribera accesses the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Barcelona. Since then, the number of female students has been increasing and their access to different disciplines has varied according to the social circumstances, always having as reference the domestic model. This research identifies the specialties of higher education that do not present an equitable gender distribution. For their development, they have selected Bachelor's students Spanish universities in the last three academic courses. Results reveal statistically significant gender differences at some areas of study. Women presence Spanish universities is greater in careers considered by society according to its role in the family. Conversely, technical degrees –closer to male stereotypes-, to reflect a minority female participation.La primera matrícula femenina en la universidad española tiene lugar en el año 1872 cuando María Elena Maseras Ribera accede a la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Barcelona. Desde entonces, el número de alumnas ha ido en aumento y su acceso a diferentes disciplinas ha variado según las circunstancias sociales de cada época, siempre teniendo como referencia una formación que no las aparte del modelo doméstico.La presente investigación identifica las especialidades de la educación superior que no presentan una distribución de género equitativa. Para su desarrollo, se han seleccionado los alumnos de Grado matriculados en las universidades españolas en los tres últimos cursos académicos. Los resultados indican que existen diferencias de género estadísticamente significativas en algunos ámbitos de estudio. La mayor presencia de mujeres se circunscribe a carreras consideradas tradicionalmente por la sociedad acordes a su papel en el ámbito familiar. Por el contrario, las titulaciones relacionadas con la técnica –más cercanas a los estereotipos masculinos-, siguen reflejando en la actualidad una participación femenina minoritaria

IV Conferência Ibérica de Inovação na Educação com TIC (ieTIC 2016): livro de atas

Este livro contém todos os artigos apresentados na IV Conferência Ibérica de Inovação na Educação com TIC realizado no Instituto Politécnico de Bragança nos dias 6 e 7 de Maio de 201

V Conferência Ibérica de Inovação na Educação com TIC: ieTIC2019: livro de resumos

Os tempos actuais são estimulantes para quem tem de estudar e aprender. Pela primeira vez há a possibilidade de acesso livre ao conhecimento, à sua explicação e à sua partilha. Tal é possibilitado pelas Tecnologias de Informação e de Comunicação e assim continuará no futuro. Conhecê-las, aplicá-las no processo de ensino/aprendizagem, enquadrá-las no sistema de valores da sociedade aberta e da cidadania responsável, é uma necessidade de quem investiga, de quem ensina e de quem decide.O ieTIC, através dos seus quatro eixos temáticos, continua a permitir-nos a construir conhecimento sobre as TIC e a explorar novas avenidas de práticas pedagógicas que desafiam os papéis tradicionais de professor e de aluno. O ieTIC ajuda-nos a recordar que o século XXI não é igual ao que está para trás!info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Thermophysical and flow properties of coconut oil with silica fumed nanoparticles

This work is concerned with the rheological and thermal study of silica fumed dispersed in coconut oil. The dispersed phase behave as a non newtonian fluid during the phase change. The addition of nanoparticles complicates considerably the flow behaviour of the system. Therefore, a very thoughtful study of the flow and thermal properties with temperature when silica particles are added must be carried out.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Methodological barriers to studying the association between the economic crisis and suicide in Spain

BACKGROUND: The hypothetical relationship between economic recession and the increase in suicides in Spain is subject to various arguments. In addition to the inherent complexity of capturing and explaining the underlining mechanisms that could describe this causal link, different points of contention have been be identified. The period of this association and its possible starting points, the socioeconomic determinants that may explain the variation in suicide rate, and the data sources available are the main focus of controversy. The present study aims to identify the phases of association between different periods of economic recession and suicide rates, and compare the effect of different social determinants of health that have been mentioned in previous studies. METHODS: We have used interrupted time series analyses to assess the impact of economic recession on national rates of suicide mortality provided by the Spanish Statistical Office (1980-2014). In an attempt to consider the factors that have affected the study of suicide in Spain, different data sources/periods, predictors, and regions in Spain were analysed. RESULTS: The analysis revealed a positive and significant relationship between the Great Recession and suicide rates during the second period of economic recession (2011-2014), while appeared to decrease during the first recession period. However, the first decreasing trend was not statistically significant in the global analysis of the evolution of monthly suicide rates for the entire country. Both unemployment and per capita GDP were positively related to suicide trends. Finally, the regional analysis demonstrates a similar pattern in different Spanish areas. CONCLUSION: Although previous studies have mentioned the double-dip in the suicide rate associated with the corresponding period of double recession, our study only identify a positive relationship during the second recession period. ThThis study is subsidised by the Carlos III Health Institute (Ministry of Health of Spain) [project PI15/01986] and co-funded by FEDER funds and the Andalusian Studies Centre [PRY120/14]

Multiple ciliary localization signals control INPP5E ciliary targeting

Primary cilia are sensory membrane protrusions whose dysfunction causes ciliopathies. INPP5E is a ciliary phosphoinositide phosphatase mutated in ciliopathies like Joubert syndrome. INPP5E regulates numerous ciliary functions, but how it accumulates in cilia remains poorly understood. Herein, we show INPP5E ciliary targeting requires its folded catalytic domain and is controlled by four conserved ciliary localization signals (CLSs): LLxPIR motif (CLS1), W383 (CLS2), FDRxLYL motif (CLS3) and CaaX box (CLS4). We answer two long-standing questions in the field. First, partial CLS1-CLS4 redundancy explains why CLS4 is dispensable for ciliary targeting. Second, the essential need for CLS2 clarifies why CLS3-CLS4 are together insufficient for ciliary accumulation. Furthermore, we reveal that some Joubert syndrome mutations perturb INPP5E ciliary targeting, and clarify how each CLS works: (i) CLS4 recruits PDE6D, RPGR and ARL13B, (ii) CLS2-CLS3 regulate association to TULP3, ARL13B, and CEP164, and (iii) CLS1 and CLS4 cooperate in ATG16L1 binding. Altogether, we shed light on the mechanisms of INPP5E ciliary targeting, revealing a complexity without known parallels among ciliary cargoes.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación PID2019-104941RB-I00 Raquel Martin-Morales Pablo Barbeito Francesc R Garcia-Gonzalo Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación PID2020-114148RB-I00 Manuel Izquierdo Instituto de Salud Carlos III CIBERER-ACCI-2020 Francesc R Garcia-Gonzalo National Institutes of Health R01HD099784 Sarah C Goetz American Heart Association 20POST35220046 Abhijit Deb Roy Comunidad de Madrid PEJD-2016/BMD-2341 Belen Sierra-Rodero Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación BES2016-077828 Raquel Martin-Morales