Increased reservoir ages and poorly ventilated deep waters inferred in the glacial Eastern Equatorial Pacific.

Consistent evidence for a poorly ventilated deep Pacific Ocean that could have released its radiocarbon-depleted carbon stock to the atmosphere during the last deglaciation has long been sought. Such evidence remains lacking, in part due to a paucity of surface reservoir age reconstructions required for accurate deep-ocean ventilation age estimates. Here we combine new radiocarbon data from the Eastern Equatorial Pacific (EEP) with chronostratigraphic calendar age constraints to estimate shallow sub-surface reservoir age variability, and thus provide estimates of deep-ocean ventilation ages. Both shallow- and deep-water ventilation ages drop across the last deglaciation, consistent with similar reconstructions from the South Pacific and Southern Ocean. The observed regional fingerprint linking the Southern Ocean and the EEP is consistent with a dominant southern source for EEP thermocline waters and suggests relatively invariant ocean interior transport pathways but significantly reduced air-sea gas exchange in the glacial southern high latitudes.We acknowledge funding by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through grants CTM2009-08849 (ACDC Project) and CTM2012-32017 (MANIFEST Project). M. de la Fuente was funded by a FPI studentship (BES-2010-039700) from the Spanish Government, and L. Skinner acknowledges support from NERC grant NE/L006421/1.This is the final version. It first appeared at http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2015/150703/ncomms8420/full/ncomms8420.html

Increased reservoir ages and poorly ventilated deep waters inferred in the glacial Eastern Equatorial Pacific

Consistent evidence for a poorly ventilated deep Pacific Ocean that could have released its radiocarbon-depleted carbon stock to the atmosphere during the last deglaciation has long been sought. Such evidence remains lacking, in part due to a paucity of surface reservoir age reconstructions required for accurate deep-ocean ventilation age estimates. Here we combine new radiocarbon data from the Eastern Equatorial Pacific (EEP) with chronostratigraphic calendar age constraints to estimate shallow sub-surface reservoir age variability, and thus provide estimates of deep-ocean ventilation ages. Both shallow- and deep-water ventilation ages drop across the last deglaciation, consistent with similar reconstructions from the South Pacific and Southern Ocean. The observed regional fingerprint linking the Southern Ocean and the EEP is consistent with a dominant southern source for EEP thermocline waters and suggests relatively invariant ocean interior transport pathways but significantly reduced air–sea gas exchange in the glacial southern high latitudes

The role of iturin A from B. amyloliquefaciens BUZ-14 in the inhibition of the most common postharvest fruit rots

The aim of this work was to elucidate the role of the secondary metabolites produced by B. amyloliquefaciens BUZ-14 against B. cinerea, M. fructicola, M. laxa, P. digitatum, P. italicum and P. expansum both in vitro and in planta. The entire cell free supernatant (CFS) and the lipopeptide fraction (LPF) showed similar antifungal activities, completely inhibiting all the fungi at dilutions of 1:24 or even lower, whereas the non-butanolic fraction (NBF) barely inhibited the fungi. However, when the LPF and CFS were applied on fruit, only brown rot in peaches and blue rot in apples was totally inhibited. The main families of metabolites in the LPF were iturin A, fengycin and surfactin with maximum concentrations of 407, 853 and 658¿µg¿mL-1, respectively. Subsequently, a TLC-bioautography revealed iturin A as the key metabolite in the inhibitions and allowed us to establish in vivo MICs of 16.9 and 33.9¿µg¿mL-1 for Monilinia species and P. expansum, respectively. The application of 24 h-old BUZ-14 cultures suppressed brown rot in peaches and also blue rot in apples but failed to inhibit the other diseases. However, BUZ-14 was only able to grow and produce iturin A in peaches so we can deduce that the amount of iturin A brought with the cultures (36¿±¿14¿µg¿mL-1) could be enough to control both diseases. The strong antifungal activity of the iturin A present in the BUZ-14 CFS suggests that it could be successfully used for postharvest disease control. However, future research is necessary to maximize the iturin A production by B. amyloliquefaciens BUZ-14 in order to optimize a commercial application

Introducció

Aquest treball ha rebut el suport del projecte «Elaboració d’un corpus oral dialectal del valencià col∙loquial (CorDiVal)», finançat per la Generalitat Valenciana (Ref. GV/2017/094)

Virtual Laboratory Methodologies in Electrical Engineering

Non

Eficacia de los talleres infantiles del proyecto de prevención “Creando conciencia sobre el abuso sexual en la infancia”

Los menores están expuestos a diferentes riesgos y situaciones en su etapa evolutiva. La literatura científica pone de manifiesto la importancia del trabajo preventivo en el contexto educativo para abordar las dificultades en la etapa de la infancia. Con este objetivo se desarrolló el proyecto de la Asociación Con.Ciencia, que pretende ofrecer recursos y conciencia sobre el abuso sexual infantil (ASI), financiado en convocatoria competitiva por la Diputación de Málaga. En este estudio se presentan los resultados del análisis de la eficacia de una parte de este proyecto, los talleres a estudiantes de primaria con cuatro ejes fundamentales: la intuición, el reconocimiento de las sensaciones corporales, los secretos y las personas de confianza. Método: Participaron un total de 87 niños y niñas de 3º de primaria de tres centros educativos de la provincia de Málaga con edades comprendidas entre 8 y 10 años (M=8,21). Todos participaban en el programa de prevención del ASI de la Asociación Con.Ciencia. Se diseñó una evaluación específica para analizar los efectos de los talleres llevados a cabo con preguntas sobre las 4 áreas trabajadas. Se realizó el cuestionario antes y después de cada taller de forma colectiva y anónima. Resultados: Los resultados apuntan a que existen diferencias significativas en tres de las cuatro preguntas evaluadas antes y después de recibir el taller de prevención. No se obtuvieron diferencias entre géneros. Discusión: El objetivo de esta comunicación es presentar datos sobre el proyecto de prevención “creando Conciencia sobre el abuso sexual en la infancia” a la comunidad científica, exponiendo los resultados de los talleres donde los menores aprenden herramientas para detectar y pedir ayuda en una situación problemática. Se pone de manifiesto la importancia de la labor preventiva en un importante contexto de referencia para los menores como es el escolar.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Phosphoproteomic analysis and protein-protein interaction of rat aorta GJA1 and rat heart FKBP1A after secoiridoids consumption from virgin olive oil: A functional proteomics approach

Protein functional interactions could explain the biological response of secoiridoids (SECs), main phenolic compounds in virgin olive oil (VOO). The aim was to assess protein¿protein interactions (PPIs) of the aorta gap junction alpha-1 (GJA1) and the heart peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (FKBP1A), plus the phosphorylated heart proteome, to describe new molecular pathways in the cardiovascular system in rats using nanoliquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. PPIs modified by SECs and associated with GJA1 in aorta rat tissue were calpain, TUBA1A, and HSPB1. Those associated with FKBP1A in rat heart tissue included SUCLG1, HSPE1, and TNNI3. In the heart, SECs modulated the phosphoproteome through the main canonical pathways PI3K/mTOR signaling (AKT1S1 and GAB2) and gap junction signaling (GAB2 and GJA1). PPIs associated with GJA1 and with FKBP1A, the phosphorylation of GAB2, and the dephosphorylation of GJA1 and AKT1S1 in rat tissues are promising protein targets promoting cardiovascular protection to explain the health benefits of VOO.The work summarized in this paper was supported in part by grants (grant nos. MEFOPC Project, AGL2012-40144-C03-02 and AGL2012-40144-C03-03, and AppleCOR Project, AGL2016-76943-C2-2-R) from the Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI), and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). L.R. is supported by a Sara Borrell postdoctoral grant (CD14/00275; Spain), A.P. is supported by a postdoctoral grant (PTQ-15-08068; Spain), and Ú.C. is supported by a Pla Estratègic de Recerca i Innovació en Salut (PERIS) postdoctoral grant (SLT002/16/00239; Catalunya, Spain)

Criteris per a la transcripció del corpus Parlars

Els criteris de transcripció que presentem s’ajusten als objectius del corpus Parlars (projecte CorDiVal, Ref. GV/2017/094, finançat per la Generalitat Valenciana; https://www.uv.es/corvalc/), és a dir, un corpus oral, col·loquial i dialectal del català del País Valencià. El corpus Parlars tindrà dues transcripcions: una transcripció fonoortogràfica que provarà de reflectir al màxim possible les característiques lingüístiques del discurs i una transcripció ortogràfica estandarditzada que ha de facilitar les tasques d’anotació. Aquest model serà possible perquè optem per una estratègia d’anotació multicapes (stand-off) que combina la superposició de diversos nivells de transcripció i anotació alineats amb el document audiovisual original. La font primària del corpus és l’arxiu de so (o vídeo) dividit en segments breus que faciliten la cerca d’elements lingüístics transcrits i el fragment corresponent del document multimèdia on hi apareixen. La transcripció es realitza amb la ferramenta ELAN (Brugman & Russel 2014).Projecte “Elaboració d'un corpus oral dialectal del valencià col·loquial (CorDiVal)” (Ref. GV/2017/094), finançat per la Generalitat Valencian

Spontaneous generation of infectious prion disease in transgenic mice

We generated transgenic mice expressing bovine cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) with a leucine substitution at codon 113 (113L). This protein is homologous to human protein with mutation 102L, and its genetic link with Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome has been established. This mutation in bovine PrP(C) causes a fully penetrant, lethal, spongiform encephalopathy. This genetic disease was transmitted by intracerebral inoculation of brain homogenate from ill mice expressing mutant bovine PrP to mice expressing wild-type bovine PrP, which indicated de novo generation of infectious prions. Our findings demonstrate that a single amino acid change in the PrP(C) sequence can induce spontaneous generation of an infectious prion disease that differs from all others identified in hosts expressing the same PrP(C) sequence. These observations support the view that a variety of infectious prion strains might spontaneously emerge in hosts displaying random genetic PrP(C) mutations