531 research outputs found

    Mechanisms for hyperalgesic actions of ATP

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    Orientador: Claudia Herrera TambeliTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: Recentes estudos demonstram que a ativado de receptores P2X3,2/3 pelo ATP endógeno contribui para a hiperalgesia inflamatória. Portanto, os objetivos desse trabalho foram: (1) Estudar o mecanismo pelo qual a ativa o dos receptores P2X3,2/3 pelo ATP endogeno contribui para a hiperalgesia mecânica induzida no modelo da inflamacça causada pela carragenina, (2) Verificar se o ATP end?eno e a ativado dos receptores P2X3,2/3 contribui para a hiperalgesia induzida pelos mediadores inflamatórios Bradicinina, TNF-a, IL-1ß, IL-6, CINC-1, PGE2 e dopamina e, verificar o mecanismo pelo qual essa contribuido ocorre, e (3) studar o mecanismo pelo qual a ativado dos receptores P2X1,3,2/3 induz hiperalgesia mecânica. De acordo com o objetivo (1): A co-administrado do antagonista seletivo de receptor P2X3,2/3, A-317491, ou do antagonista de receptor P2X1,3,2/3,1/5, TNP-ATP, com carragenina bloqueou a hiperalgesia mecânica...Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digitalAbstract: Activation of P2X3,2/3 receptors by endogenous ATP contributes to the evelopment of inflammatory hyperalgesia. Therefore, the aims of this study were: (1) To study the mechanism underlying activation of P2X3,2/3 receptors by endogenous ATP contributes to mechanical hyperalgesia induced by the carrageenan model of inflammation, (2) To verify whether endogenous ATP and P2X3,2/3 receptors activation contributes to the hyperalgesia induced by inflammatory mediators bradykinin, TNF-a, IL-1ß, IL-6, CINC-1, PGE2 and dopamine and, to verify the mechanism underlying this contribution occurs, (3) To study the mechanism underlying activation of P2X1,3,2/3 receptors induces mechanical hyperalgesia...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertationsDoutoradoFisiologia OralDoutor em Odontologi

    A HÉLICE QUÍNTUPLA MODELANDO A INOVAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA: caracterização e estado das aceleradoras de negócios em uma região metropolitana

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    Purpose: The theme of technological innovation, especially in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, has generated significant turbulence both in literature and in executive business practices. Among the various explanatory models of the development context in the area, the Quintuple Helix emerges. Objective: This study aims to describe and analyze the current state of business accelerators in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte - MG (Brazil). Methodology: A qualitative research was carried out, in which 6 executives of business accelerators and 4 representatives of institutions that support innovation were interviewed. These institutions were characterized as a control group, but they contribute to the evolution of the Minas Gerais innovation ecosystem. A literature search was carried out to identify constructs and variables applicable to the proposed model as a study reference. Results: The main results showed the relevance of the constructs and variables, demonstrating the convenience of the model to study and plan its applicability, both academically, in the evolution of knowledge, and in the executive function, since it approaches the current reality of the accelerators of business studied here. Contribution to the evolution of the knowledge: Analysis of an emerging model and proposition of validations compatible with the need for its consolidation as a theory. Executive contribution: Offering an evolving model, but interesting as a structure applicable to the evolution of institution development.Fundamento: El tema de la innovación tecnológica, especialmente en el contexto de la Cuarta Revolución Industrial, ha generado importantes turbulencias tanto en la literatura como en las prácticas empresariales ejecutivas. Entre los diversos modelos explicativos del contexto de desarrollo en el área, surge la Quintuple Helix. Objetivo: Este estudio tiene como objetivo describir y analizar el estado actual de las aceleradoras empresariales en la región metropolitana de Belo Horizonte – MG (Brasil). Metodología: Se realizó una investigación cualitativa, en la que se entrevistó a 6 ejecutivos de aceleradoras de empresas y 4 representantes de instituciones de apoyo a la innovación. Estas instituciones se caracterizaron como un grupo de control, pero contribuyen a la evolución del ecosistema de innovación de Minas Gerais. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica para identificar constructos y variables aplicables al modelo propuesto como referéncia del estudio. Resultados: Los principales resultados mostraron la relevancia de los constructos y variables, demostrando la conveniencia del modelo para estudiar y planificar su aplicabilidad, tanto académicamente, en la evolución del conocimiento, como en la función ejecutiva, ya que se acerca a la realidad actual del aceleradores de negocios estudiados aquí. Contribución a la evolución del conocimiento: Análisis de un modelo emergente y propuesta de validaciones compatibles con la necesidad de su consolidación como teoría. Contribución ejecutiva: Ofrece un modelo en evolución, pero interesante como estructura aplicable a la evolución del desarrollo institucional.  Fundamento do estudo: O tema da inovação tecnológica, sobretudo no contexto da Quarta Revolução Industrial, tem gerado significativa turbulência tanto na literatura, quando nas práticas executivas de negócios. Entre os diversos modelos explicativos do contexto do desenvolvimento na área, emerge o da Hélice Quíntupla. Objetivo do estudo: Este estudo objetiva descrever e analisar o estado atual das aceleradoras de negócios da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, em que foram entrevistados 6 executivos de aceleradoras de negócios e 4 representantes de instituições de suporte à inovação. Estas instituições foram caracterizadas como um grupo de controle, mas que contribuem com a evolução do ecossistema mineiro de inovação. Foi realizada uma busca na literatura, para identificar construtos e variáveis aplicáveis ao modelo proposto como referência de estudo. Resultados: Os principais resultados mostraram a pertinência dos construtos e variáveis, demonstrando a conveniência do modelo para se estudar e planejar a sua aplicabilidade, tanto acadêmica, na evolução do conhecimento, quanto na função executiva, já que se aproxima da realidade atual das aceleradoras de negócios aqui estudada. Contribuição à evolução do conhecimento: Análise de um modelo emergente e proposição de validações compatíveis com a necessidade de sua consolidação como teoria. Contribuição executiva: Oferta de um modelo em evolução, porém interessante como estrutura aplicável à evolução do desenvolvimento de instituições

    Neurotoxicity and aggressiveness triggered by low-level lead in children: a review

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    Lead-induced neurotoxicity acquired by low-level long-term exposure has special relevance for children. A plethora of recent reports has demonstrated a direct link between low-level lead exposure and deficits in the neurobehavioral-cognitive performance manifested from childhood through adolescence. In many studies, aggressiveness and delinquency have also been suggested as symptoms of lead poisoning. Several environmental, occupational and domestic sources of contaminant lead and consequent health risks are largely identified and understood, but the occurrences of lead poisoning remain numerous. There is an urgent need for public health policies to prevent lead poisoning so as to reduce individual and societal damages and losses. In this paper we describe unsuspected sources of contaminant lead, discuss the economic losses and urban violence possibly associated with lead contamination and review the molecular basis of lead-induced neurotoxicity, emphasizing its effects on the social behavior, delinquency and IQ of children and adolescent

    Description of the use of integrative mixed method in neonatal nursing

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    To describe the application of the integrative mixed method and its steps. Descriptive methodological study. The integrative mixed method approach was exemplified in a study conducted in neonatal nursing on maternal stress throughout the experience of premature newborns’ care. Data on maternal stress level (quantitative approach) and maternal perception of care (qualitative approach) were grouped after analyzes made separately according to the analysis technique of each approach. Subsequently, quantitative and qualitative data were integrated, which originated a new set of data to be interpreted, and consequently enabled a greater understanding of the phenomenon under study and emphasized the importance of the integrative mixed method. The integration of the two approaches, qualitative and quantitative, is a denser theoretical framework with strong scientific evidence for a better understanding of the phenomenon under study than the use of a single approach, since, at the same time, it identifies the frequency of the phenomenon and the reason for its occurrence

    Abnormal anal cytology risk in women with known genital squamous intraepithelial lesion

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    The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of abnormal anal cytology in women with known genital squamous intraepithelial lesion. This study evaluated 200 women with and without genital squamous intraepithelial lesion who were recruited for anal Pap smears. Women who had abnormal results on equally or over atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance were classified as having abnormal anal cytology. A multiple logistic regression analysis (stepwise) was performed to identify the risk for developing abnormal anal cytology. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 program. The average age was 41.09 (±12.64). Of the total participants, 75.5% did not practice anal sex, 91% did not have HPV-infected partners, 92% did not have any anal pathology, and 68.5% did not have anal bleeding. More than half (57.5%) had genital SIL and a significant number developed abnormal anal cytology: 13% in the total sample and 17.4% in women with genital SIL. A significant association was observed between genital squamous intraepithelial lesion and anal squamous intraepithelial lesion (PR = 2.46; p = 0.03). In the logistic regression model, women having genital intraepithelial lesion were more likely to have abnormal anal Pap smear (aPR = 2.81; p = 0.02). This report shows that women with genital squamous intraepithelial lesion must be more closely screened for anal cancer.20329429

    Biological risks in professionals working in the mobile urgency service

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    This descriptive, cross-sectional study aims to evaluate the biological risks among professionals who work in the Mobile Emergency Service of the Metropolitan Region of São Luís - MA. The data were collected from 177 professionals from basic and advanced support units between February and April 2018, using a structured questionnaire.  While a high prevalence of exposure to biological risks was observed among all the subjects, men were found to be at a higher risk. The main source of contamination was blood, mainly affecting the whole skin during the procedure of immobilization. It was evidenced that most of the subjects did not complete the accident report and did not adhere to any post-exposure protocols. It is believed that the development of educational, safety and health measures can minimize the occupational hazards and accidents among the SAMU professionals, who are providers of indispensable service to society, even if susceptible to various environmental risks

    Utilização da manobra de Müller na avaliação de pacientes apnéicos: revisão da literatura

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    Sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome was described twenty years ago, and since then there have been doubts and controversies regarding it. Fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy with Muller's maneuver, first described by Borowieck and Sassin (1983), is among them. AIM: Careful literature review on Muller's maneuver, regarding whether it can predict the sucess of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, location of upper airway obstruction and severity of the disorder. DISCUSSION AND LITERATURE REWIEW: Literature has shown that there isn't a consensus about the use of Muller's maneuver. In spite of being technically easy, inexpensive and widely used, it is very unespecific and subjective. CONCLUSION: The importance of Muller's maneuver in evaluating apneic patients has been questioned, because there are controversies whether it can predict the sucess of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, location of upper airway obstruction and severity of the disease.A Síndrome da Apnéia e Hipopnéia Obstrutiva do Sono é uma patologia descrita há apenas vinte anos, havendo ainda várias dúvidas e controvérsias a seu respeito. Nesse âmbito inclui-se a nasofibrolaringoscopia com Manobra de Müller descrita por Borowieck e Sassin em 1983 e motivo de análise neste artigo. OBJETIVO: Revisão da literatura, com análise crítica e comparativa a respeito da capacidade da nasofibrolaringoscopia com manobra de Müller de predizer o sucesso da uvulopalatofaringoplastia, o local de colapso da via aérea superior e a gravidade da doença. DISCUSSÃO E REVISÃO DA LITERATURA: A revisão da literatura mostra que não há um consenso sobre a utilização da manobra de Müller, pois apesar de ser um exame de fácil execução, custo e tempo efetivos, é também bastante inespecífico e subjetivo. CONCLUSÃO: A relevância da manobra de Müller na avaliação do paciente apnéico tem sido questionada, pois há controvérsias na literatura quanto a sua capacidade de predizer o sucesso da cirurgia orofaríngea, o local de colapso da via aérea superior e a gravidade da apnéia.UNIFESP-EPMUNIFESP-EPM Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ProgramUNIFESP, EPM, Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ProgramSciEL

    A GERAÇÃO DA UTOPIA: A REPRESENTAÇÃO DOS JOVENS NA CONSTRUÇÃO DA INDEPENDÊNCIA DE ANGOLA

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    Este trabalho é um recorte de uma pesquisa de conclusão de curso e apresenta uma análise do romance A Geração da Utopia (1992), do angolano Pepetela, enfocando aspectos importantes na construção da independência de Angola, a representação dos jovens angolanos no processo de transição de utopia para distopia e, nesse ínterim, a construção de nação ao longo das duas primeiras partes do romance do autor. Para esta análise será feita uma breve discussão acerca de algumas categorias fundamentais, tais como: o contexto das literaturas africanas de expressão portuguesa, o início da literatura em Angola e seu contexto de produção e o projeto literário do autor. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, que está sob amparo de autores como Fonseca (2007; 2015), Amâncio (2014) e Chaves (2004; 2005) que debatem sobre o desenvolvimento das literaturas africanas de língua portuguesa no contexto pós-colonial, o que coaduna com a proposta de Pepetela no referido romanc
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