Repertórios linguísticos dos riscos industriais no Pontal da Barra, Maceió

Our goal in this article was to describe and analyse linguistic repertoires used by researchers from the Federal University of Alagoas to talk about risks related to a chemical industry placed at Pontal da Barra, a neighbourhood in the coastal city of Maceió, State of Alagoas, Brazil. To achieve this purpose, we conducted systematic reviews in a national scientific database and university libraries in order to select scientific publications regarding this theme. Analysis covered risk repertories, risk addressing and risk control strategies referred by researchers in their publications. Results show that scientific literature on this subject is still in its infancy; authors make use risk-danger, risk-probability and vulnerability metaphors to talk about industrial risks; factory workers are hidden subjects in publications and there is no reference to prevention and risk control strategies on the part of the population.O nosso objetivo neste artigo foi descrever e analisar repertórios linguísticos utilizados por pesquisadores da Universidade Federal de Alagoas para falar sobre os riscos de uma indústria química brasileira situada no bairro do Pontal da Barra na cidade de Maceió, Alagoas. Para alcançar esse objetivo, selecionamos as publicações científicas relacionadas ao tema que se encontravam disponíveis em uma base de dados nacional e nas bibliotecas setoriais da referida universidade. Analisamos os repertórios linguísticos, o endereçamento e as estratégias de controle dos riscos da indústria. Os resultados mostram que a produção científica sobre essa temática local é incipiente, que os autores fazem uso das metáforas do risco-perigo, risco-probabilidade e vulnerabilidade para falar dos riscos da indústria, que os trabalhadores da indústria são sujeitos ocultos nas publicações e que não há referência de ações de prevenção e estratégias de controle dos riscos por parte da população

Propriedades reológicas e durabilidade do concreto autoadensável de alta resistência com resíduo de corte mármore e granito e areia de exaustão de fundição

Self-compacting concrete, SCC, is practically a new concrete that has peculiar characteristics of fluidity and viscosity. To acquire such properties, it uses in its composition, mineral additions, fine materials, which, in large part, are industrial waste and, therefore, a sustainable material. Although the use of waste foundry sand (WFS) in concrete is already widespread, there is a gap regarding the waste foundry exhaust sand (WFES) and its influence on the reinforcement and, thus, producing a concrete that meets the prerogatives of compressive strength, durability, longer useful life and sustainability. In this research, the marble and granite processing waste residue, MGPW, was used as a mineral addition to improve the mixture viscosity, and waste foundry exhaust sand (WFES) as a partial substitute (10%, 20%, 30%, 40 % and 50%) of natural sand. Foundry Exhaust Sand makes up the WFSs, which correspond, on average, to 80% of the waste generated in the foundry industry. The influence of materials on concrete rheology, strength and durability was evaluated. Rheological parameters were tested by empirical methods. Mechanical properties were evaluated by compressive strength and splitting tensile strength. As indicators of durability, the tests of water absorption by immersion and capillarity, resistance to sulfates and acids attacks, bulk electrical resistivity, chloride permeability and corrosion potential were used. In fresh state, all mixtures presented fluidity and viscosity characteristics required by brazilian standard for SCC. As for compressive strength, all mixtures were classified as high strength. Mixtures showed good resistance to acid and sulphate attacks, low absorption by immersion in water and by capillarity. Very low permeability to chloride ions and high electrical resistivity, indicates the mixtures showed a negligible probability of corrosion and in the corrosion potential test the probability varied between uncertain and low. These results indicated that SCC with MGPW and FES has lower permeability to harmful agents and, consequently, greater durability when compared to reference concrete. All properties were improved with 30% of FES waste, although good results were obtained with up to 40%. In this sense, the use of these waste brings environmental benefits that translate into both the reduction of waste deposited in landfills and the reduction in the extraction of natural sand. the results show that the wastes, WFES and MGPW, can be used without affecting the concrete durability.Agência 1O concreto autoadensável, CAA, é um concreto que tem características peculiares de fluidez e viscosidade. Para adquirir tais propriedades, utiliza, em sua composição, adições minerais, materiais finos, que, em grande parte, podem ser resíduos industriais e, por isso, um material sustentável. Embora já esteja bastante difundido o uso de areia descartada de fundição (ADF) na produção do concreto, observa-se uma lacuna quanto à areia de exaustão de fundição (AEF) e a sua influência na armadura e, dessa forma, produzir um concreto que atenda às prerrogativas de resistência, durabilidade, maior tempo de vida útil e sustentabilidade. Nesta pesquisa, foi utilizado um valor fixo em todos os traços de resíduo de corte de mármore e granito, RCMG, como adição mineral para melhorar a viscosidade da mistura, e areia de exaustão de fundição (AEF) como substituto parcial (10%, 20%,30%, 40% e 50%) da areia natural. A AEF compõe as ADFs, que correspondem, em média, a 80% dos resíduos gerados na indústria de fundição. Foi avaliada a influência dos materiais na reologia do concreto, na resistência mecânica e na durabilidade. Os parâmetros reológicos foram testados pelos métodos empíricos. As propriedades mecânicas foram avaliadas pela resistência à compressão e resistência à tração por compressão e, como indicadores de durabilidade, foram utilizados os testes de absorção de água por imersão e por capilaridade, a resistividade elétrica volumétrica, a resistência ao ataque aos sulfatos e aos ácidos, a permeabilidade ao cloreto e o potencial de corrosão. No estado fresco, todas as misturas apresentaram características de fluidez e viscosidade requeridas pela ABNT para o CAA. Quanto a compressão todas as misturas foram classificadas de alta resistência. As misturas apresentaram boa resistência ao ataque ácido e ao sulfato, baixa absorção por imersão em água e por capilaridade. Devido a muito baixa permeabilidade aos íons de cloreto e pela alta resistividade elétrica, as misturas se mostraram com probabilidade de corrosão desprezível e no teste de potencial de corrosão a probabilidade variou entre incerta e baixa. Estes resultados indicaram que o CAA com RCMG e AEF apresenta menor permeabilidade aos agentes deletérios e, consequentemente, maior durabilidade quando comparado ao concreto referência. Todas as propriedades foram melhoradas com 30% do resíduo AEF embora tenham sido obtidos bons resultados com até 40%. Neste sentido a utilização dos resíduos traz benefícios ambientais que se traduzem tanto na redução de resíduos depositados em aterros quanto na redução de extração da areia natural

Fulminant Nonocclusive Mesenteric Ischemia Just after Hip Arthroplasty

Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) is not a rare clinical entity in intensive medicine, and it can be a consequence of several clinical or surgical situations. This pathology results from reduced intestinal microvascular blood supply associated with an acute inflammatory process, culminating with bowel necrosis. This is a case on a female patient who developed immediate postsurgical NOMI following hip arthroplasty and died. Since diagnosis of this potentially fatal condition remains a dilemma, NOMI should always be considered an eventual postoperative complication in high-risk surgical patients such as elderly individuals with previous history of nicotine abuse, congestive heart failure, and essential hypertension. The present paper highlights the importance of early diagnosis and prompt adequate treatment of NOMI in subjects with diminished cardiac output and severe abdominal pain

Utilização de gentamicina no tratamento de neonatos atendidos em uma maternidade pública da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais (1999)

Gentamicin is a low cost antimicrobian commonly used in the treatment of neonatal sepsis. Nevertheless, there is a potential risk of oto and nephrotoxicity. The objectives of the study were to characterize the hospitalized neonate in use of gentamicin and to evaluate the follow-up of the dosing protocol adopted. It is a cross sectional study of a total of 63 neonates who received assistence at a public maternity in August, October and December, 1999. It is a Brazilian public institution which plays a role of reference in the high risk pregnancy and delivery. Most patients were premature (85.7%) and low birth weight (90.5%). Only two (3.2%) sepse cases were confirmed by hemoculture. The protocol adopted recommends doses of 2.5mg/kg with a 24 hour dosing interval for neonates weighing less than 1200 g and a 12 hour dosing interval for those with a superior weight. Almost all doctors (96.7%) followed the protocol considering the dose and dosing interval. However, most patients (72.6%) with negative hemoculture were treated for more than the recommended time.A gentamicina é um antimicrobiano de baixo custo amplamente utilizado no tratamento da septicemia neonatal. Entretanto, existe um risco potencial de oto e nefrotoxicidade. Neste trabalho, buscou-se caracterizar o recém-nascido hospitalizado em uso de gentamicina e avaliar o cumprimento do protocolo de tratamento adotado em uma Instituição pública de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Trata-se de um estudo transversal incluindo 63 recém-nascidos atendidos em uma maternidade pública no período de agosto, outubro e dezembro de 1999. Essa maternidade é referência na assistência à gestação e ao parto de alto risco em Minais Gerais. A maioria dos recém-nascidos foi prematura (85,7%) e de baixo peso (90,5%). Apenas dois (3,2%) casos de septicemia foram confirmados por hemocultura. O protocolo adotado preconiza a administração de doses de 2,5 mg/kg a intervalos de 24 horas para neonatos com peso inferior a 1200 g e 12 horas para aqueles com peso superior a esse. Observou-se que o esquema terapêutico foi adotado em 96,7% dos casos. Contudo, constatou-se uma utilização por tempo superior ao recomendado, frente à hemocultura negativa, em mais de 70,0% dos casos

Stakeholders’ perspectives on access-to-medicines policy and research priorities in Latin America and the Caribbean: face-to-face and web-based interviews

Background: This study aims to rank policy concerns and policy-related research issues in order to identify policy and research gaps on access to medicines (ATM) in low- and middle-income countries in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), as perceived by policy makers, researchers, NGO and international organization representatives, as part of a global prioritization exercise. Methods: Data collection, conducted between January and May 2011, involved face-to-face interviews in El Salvador, Colombia, Dominican Republic, and Suriname, and an e-mail survey with key-stakeholders. Respondents were asked to choose the five most relevant criteria for research prioritization and to score policy/research items according to the degree to which they represented current policies, desired policies, current research topics, and/or desired research topics. Mean scores and summary rankings were obtained. Linear regressions were performed to contrast rankings concerning current and desired policies (policy gaps), and current and desired research (research gaps). Results: Relevance, feasibility, and research utilization were the top ranked criteria for prioritizing research. Technical capacity, research and development for new drugs, and responsiveness, were the main policy gaps. Quality assurance, staff technical capacity, price regulation, out-of-pocket payments, and cost containment policies, were the main research gaps. There was high level of coherence between current and desired policies: coefficients of determination (R2) varied from 0.46 (Health system structure; r = 0.68, P <0.01) to 0.86 (Sustainable financing; r = 0.93, P <0.01). There was also high coherence between current and desired research on Rational selection and use of medicines (r = 0.71, P <0.05, R2 = 0.51), Pricing/affordability (r = 0.82, P <0.01, R2 = 0.67), and Sustainable financing (r = 0.76, P <0.01, R2 = 0.58). Coherence was less for Health system structure (r = 0.61, P <0.01, R2 = 0.38). Conclusions: This study combines metrics approaches, contributing to priority setting methodology development, with country and regional level stakeholder participation. Stakeholders received feedback with the results, and we hope to have contributed to the discussion and implementation of ATM research and policy priorities in LAC

A educação das relações étnico-raciais na formação docente: um olhar freireano para o curso de Pedagogia

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de pesquisa desenvolvida entre 2013 e 2015, no Centro de Educação da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco que objetivou analisar, nesta instituição, as repercussões da Lei nº 10.639/2003 no curso de Pedagogia no período de 2003 a 2013. Assim, através da teoria freireana apropriada numa leitura de recriação crítica que a usou como, um horizonte de possibilidade de justiça social, e da metodologia da história oral, colhemos fontes orais e escritas que ajudaram a interpretar como ocorreram estas repercussões. Os resultados apontam que as reverberações dessa Lei no curso e no tempo em questão aconteceram de forma mínima, começando a produzir efeitos só após o ingresso de docentes e estudantes que se autoidentificam negros e negras e consideram a educação das relações étnico-raciais importante para a formação docente e, por isso, escolhem o tema para o seu pensar e o fazer pedagógico

A EDUCAÇÃO DAS RELAÇÕES ÉTNICO-RACIAIS NA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE: UM OLHAR FREIREANO PARA O CURSO DE PEDAGOGIA

This article presents the research results developed between 2013 and 2015 at the Education Center of the Federal University of Pernambuco, which aimed to analyze, in this institution, the repercussions of Law 10.639 / 2003 in the Pedagogy course from 2003 to 2013. Thus, Through the appropriate Freirean theory in a critical recreation reading that used it as a horizon of possibility of social justice and the methodology of oral history, we collected oral and written sources that helped to interpret how these repercussions occurred. The results point out that the reverberations of this Law in the course and in the time in question happened in a minimal way, beginning to take effect only after the entry of black and black teachers and students, and consider the education of ethnic-racial relations important for the Teacher training and, therefore, choose the theme for their pedagogical thinking and doing.Este artículo presenta los resultados de las investigaciones llevadas a cabo entre 2013 y 2015, de la Universidad Federal de Pernambuco Centro de Educación que tuvo como objetivo analizar, en esta institución, el impacto de la Ley 10.639 / 2003 en la Facultad de Educación de 2003 a 2013. Por lo tanto, a través de la teoría de Freire apropiada una lectura crítica de recreación que lo utilizó como un horizonte de posibilidad de la justicia social, y la metodología de la historia oral, se recogieron las fuentes orales y escritas que ayudaron a interpretar como ocurrió estas repercusiones. Los resultados muestran que las reverberaciones de esta ley en el curso y el momento en cuestión ocurrió en una forma menor de edad, comenzando a surtir efecto sólo después de la admisión de los profesores y estudiantes que se auto-identifican los hombres y las mujeres de raza negra y que consideran la educación de las relaciones étnico-raciales importante para formación del profesorado y, por lo tanto, elegir el tema de su pensamiento y pedagógica.Este artigo apresenta os resultados de pesquisa desenvolvida entre 2013 e 2015, no Centro de Educação da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco que objetivou analisar, nesta instituição, as repercussões da Lei nº 10.639/2003 no curso de Pedagogia no período de 2003 a 2013. Assim, através da teoria freireana apropriada numa leitura de recriação crítica que a usou como, um horizonte de possibilidade de justiça social, e da metodologia da história oral, colhemos fontes orais e escritas que ajudaram a interpretar como ocorreram estas repercussões. Os resultados apontam que as reverberações dessa Lei no curso e no tempo em questão aconteceram de forma mínima, começando a produzir efeitos só após o ingresso de docentes e estudantes que se autoidentificam negros e negras e consideram a educação das relações étnico-raciais importante para a formação docente e, por isso, escolhem o tema para o seu pensar e o fazer pedagógico

Building an antimicrobial stewardship program: A narrative of six years under the Donabedian perspective

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is increasing and represents one of the world’s major challenges. AMR increase morbimortality, length of hospital stay and costs. Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASP) are one of the key strategies to promote the rational use of antimicrobials since AMR is mostly driven by antimicrobial consumption.Objective: To describe the ASP implementation in a teaching hospital from the perspective of Donabedian quality assessment and the Brazilian regulatory requirements.Method: This was a descriptive study with secondary data collection, including document review of the ASP. The study setting was a general public 392-bed hospital. The ASP activities were performed by the hospital infection control committee (HICC), hospital pharmacy (HP) and diagnostic support laboratory (DSL). The description of the three services mainly involved in the ASP was based on a quality assessment model involving the dimensions of “structure”, “process” and “result” proposed by Donabedian. The distribution among dimensions was guided by the checklist of essential elements of the ASP that compose the Brazilian regulatory requirements. The checklist was applied in July, 2022, and the ASP results described from 2016 to 2021.Results: ASP actions have been gradually implemented since 2008 with the implementation of HICC and improved over the years. Regarding structure, the investments in technology were mapped, quantifying 26 computers and three software programs employed to computerize the ASP processes performed in specific physical areas by HICC, HP and DSL. Institutional guidelines used by HICC, HP and DSL guided clinical practices to operationalize ASP. The evaluation metrics improved for 10 indicators and worsened for four indicators. From the 60 items composing the checklist, the hospital met the requirements in 73.3% of the items (n = 44).Conclusion: This study described the implementation of ASP in a teaching hospital, applying the Donabedian perspective. Although the hospital still does not have a classic ASP model, there were investments to improve structure, processes and results, aiming to comply with international guidelines. A high proportion of key elements of ASP in the hospital were followed according to the Brazilian regulatory requirements. Aspects related to antimicrobial consumption and the emergence of microbial resistance deserve further investigations

Staff Knowledge and Attitudes Towards COVID-19 New Biosafety Practices at a Brazilian Dental School

Objective:&nbsp;To evaluate knowledge and attitudes towards biosafety recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic at a Brazilian dental school.&nbsp;Material and Methods:&nbsp;A cross-sectional study was performed in 2020 with the clinical staff of a Brazilian dental school. The whole clinical staff was sent pre-tested self-administered online questionnaires about knowledge and attitudes towards the recommendations for biosafety in dental settings in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive statistical analyses were carried out for proportion calculation.&nbsp;Results:&nbsp;Disposable head covering caps, isolation gowns, and gloves were the most frequently reported personal protective equipment (PPE). The rates ranged from 52.9% to 88.5% for N95 respirators, from 68.6% to 92.6% for face shields, from 47.4% to 67.5% for conventional eye protection shields, and 45.1% to 77.4% for eye protection with solid side shields. Chlorhexidine gluconate was the most frequent mouthwash indicated before clinical dental care. The percentage of agreement to provide clinical care to patients with suspected COVID-19 varied from 23.5% to 50.0%. The percentage of respondents who agreed that bioaerosol-generating procedures should be avoided was higher than 74.5%. Less than 50% knew the correct sequence for doffing of PPE.&nbsp;Conclusion:&nbsp;This study revealed important gaps in knowledge and attitudes towards prevention and control measures against infection in dental environments in the context of COVID-19, indicating the need for improvements