Efecto de las intervenciones en autocuidados y mejora de la calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC)

Treball Final de Grau en Infermeria. Codi: IN1138. Curs: 2015/2016Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a serious and incurable disease with a high morbimortality. Since it's a chronic disease and the patients' symptoms worsen over the years, it leads to a loss of well-being and quality of life. It's important for patients to know the specific techniques and strategies for a good self-management by means of both gaining knowledge about their disease and learning skills for a good symptom control. Objectives: We performed a bibliographic search and review to inform about the current status of self-management, education and improvement in terms of quality of life in the patient with COPD. Materials and Methods: Using the selected descriptors in MeSH and DeSC, we performed a search in the following databases: Cochrane Library, PubMed, ProQuest, PsycNet and Cinahl. We applied language, publishing date and keywords in title and abstract filters. As inclusion criteria, we considered manuscripts that focused on self-management in COPD patients and/or education for a better quality of life in these patients. Results: We included 25 manuscripts for review after applying the selection criteria, all published between 2011 and 2016. Concluding remarks: Self-management interventions seem to be associated with a better quality of life in the COPD patient, although due to the heterogeneity of interventions, populations of study, follow-up times and result outcomes we can't determine which are the most effective components of the education programs. Keywords: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), self- care, health education and quality of life.La Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica (EPOC) es una enfermedad grave e incurable con una elevada morbimortalidad. Su cronicidad y el hecho de que los síntomas de estos pacientes empeoran con los años, da lugar a una pérdida de bienestar y de calidad de vida. Es importante que los pacientes conozcan las técnicas y estrategias específicas para una buena autogestión, adquiriendo conocimientos sobre su enfermedad, así como habilidades y destrezas para un buen control de los síntomas. Objetivos: Realizar una revisión de la literatura para informar sobre el estado actual de los autocuidados, educación y beneficios en relación a la calidad de vida en el paciente con EPOC. Material y Método: Mediante los descriptores seleccionados en MeSH y DeSC, se realiza una búsqueda en las bases de datos: Biblioteca Cochrane, PubMed, ProQuest, PsycNET y Cinahl. Los filtros aplicados son idioma, fecha de publicación y palabras clave en título y resumen. Como criterios de inclusión se aceptan documentos que relacionen pacientes con EPOC y autocuidados y que traten sobre educación para una mejor calidad de vida. Resultados: Fueron 25 las publicaciones incluidas en la revisión tras llevar a cabo los procesos de selección, todas publicadas entre 2011 y 2016. Conclusión: Las intervenciones en autocuidado parecen estar asociadas a una mejor calidad de vida en el paciente con EPOC, aunque no se pueden determinar cuáles son los componentes más efectivos de los programas de educación debido a la heterogeneidad de las intervenciones, las poblaciones de estudio, el periodo de seguimiento y las medidas de resultado. Palabras clave: Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica (EPOC), autocuidados, educación en salud y calidad de vida

The mineralocorticoid receptor plays a transient role in mouse skin development

3 páginas, 2 figuras. Contiene material suplemenarioGlucocorticoid (GC) hormones can bind two structurally and functionally related steroid receptors: the GC Receptor (GR or Nr3c1) and the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR or Nr3c2), which recognize the same DNA response elements and act as ligand-dependent transcription factors. While the crucial role of GR for skin homeostasis has been widely characterized, the exact role of MR in this tissue deserves further study. We assessed NR3C2 expression in developing and adult WT mouse skin and found a transient peak at embryonic day (E)16.5, which along with low levels of HSD11B2, the enzyme inactivating GCs, supports a role for GC-MR complexes in epidermal maturation. Consistent with this observation, MR-/- embryonic skin showed alterations in early epidermal differentiation that resolved postnatally. The lack of a more severe skin phenotype of MR-/- mice suggests functional compensation by GR in this tissue in the perinatal period.This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant numbers 25870545 and 15K09772. Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. Grant Numbers: SAF2011-28115, SAF2014-59474-RPeer Reviewe

Zoonosis re-emergentes en países desarrollados

En los últimos años, las zoonosis emergentes y re-emergentes han cobrado una importancia sin parangón en el panorama sanitario debido, tanto a las repercusiones en la salud como al enorme gasto económico que supone su control y posterior erradicación (en los casos en los que ésta es posible), así como por sus consecuencias a nivel de comercio internacional y producción primaria. La diseminación, descontrolada en muchos casos, de infecciones zoonóticas ha hecho que numerosas organizaciones de alcance internacional como la OIE, la FAO y la OMS reconozcan la importancia de una acción común y coordinada para hacer frente al progresivo avance de estas enfermedades. Sin embargo, la efectividad de los planes de control frente a zoonosis requiere de unos servicios de Salud Pública y Veterinaria estables y coordinados. Por lo que, a pesar de contar con experiencias exitosas en su control en países con unos servicios sanitarios bien preparados y/o con capacidad para controlar sus reservorios silvestres, en ciertas naciones en vías de desarrollo o en zonas geográficas de difícil acceso (donde la población autóctona puede actuar como reservorio de la enfermedad) estas zoonosis persisten de forma endémica. A su vez, esta persistencia en diversos países o áreas geográficas entraña un potencial riesgo para la población de países donde dichas enfermedades están bajo control o incluso erradicadas, permitiendo que puedan re-emerger en éstas bajo determinadas condiciones (movimientos demográficos, cambios climáticos, etc…). En este estudio se abordan los posibles efectos de estas zoonosis persistentes, tanto en los países desarrollados como aquéllos que están en desarrollo, tomando como ejemplo la enfermedad de la rabia

Motivation test for members of innovation projects in sports organizations. Specificities in the boxistic activity (Original)

La motivación es una de las variables reconocidas en la mayoría de las metodologías estudiadas para la gestión de la innovación por proyectos en el contexto deportivo, sin embargo, la búsqueda de instrumentos efectivos para medirla es una problemática por solucionar, en este contexto la percepción que tengan los miembros de los proyectos sobre los factores macromotivadores y micromotivadores en la organización es un buen indicador. Valorar la validez teórica y empírica de un instrumento para medir la motivación de los jefes de proyectos de innovación en el contexto deportivo. Por un lado la validez teórica se desarrolla a partir de la taxonomía numérica y por otro la fiabilidad, sensibilidad, se valora a través del estudio empírico desarrollado en la Facultad de Cultura Física de Granma, a través de un proyecto exitoso, tomando como caso de estudio a su jefe con un retest en tres momentos. La economía y utilidad se valora a través de expertos con la comparación por pares como procedimiento. Se logró confirmar desde el punto de vista teórico y práctico el cumplimiento de su validez, fiabilidad, sensibilidad, economía y utilidad, a pesar del tamaño tan pequeño de muestra. El instrumento elaborado tiene validez para medir la motivación de los jefes de proyectos de innovación en organizaciones deportivas.Motivation is one of the variables recognized in most of the methodologies studied for the management of innovation by projects in the sports context, however, the search for effective instruments to measure it is a problem to solve, in this context the perception that have the members of the projects on macromotivating factors and micromotivators in the organization is a good indicator. To evaluate the theoretical and empirical validity of an instrument to measure the motivation of the heads of innovation projects in the sports context. On the one hand the theoretical validity is developed from the numerical taxonomy and on the other the reliability, sensitivity, is valued through the empirical study developed in the Faculty of Physical Culture of Granma, through a successful project, taking as a case of I study his boss with a retest in three moments. The economy and utility is valued through experts with the peer comparison as a procedure. It was possible to confirm from the theoretical and practical point of view the fulfillment of its validity, reliability, sensitivity, economy and utility, despite the small sample size. The instrument developed has validity to measure the motivation of the heads of innovation projects in sports organizations

Concrete for precast blocks: binary and ternary combination of sewage sludge ash with diverse mineral residue

[EN] This paper proposes binary and ternary combinations of sewage sludge ash (SSA) with fly ash (FA), marble dust (MD) and rice husk ash (RHA) as partial replacements of Portland cement in concretes with a similar dosage to that used in precast blocks, with very dry consistency. Several physical-mechanical tests were carried out on concrete specimens with curing ages of 28 and 90 days: density, water absorption, capillary water absorption, ultrasonic pulse velocity and compressive strength. The combinations of residues significantly improve the properties of the cementitious systems: 30% replacement of Portland cement provides strength values similar to the reference sample, showing the synergetic effects of the combination of the mineral additions. The significance of this research relies on the combined use of the mineral additions as well as the use of them for the precast block industry. The results show synergies among the additions and even that some of them showed relevant improvements when they are used in combination, performing better than when used individually.Baeza-Brotons, F.; Paya Bernabeu, JJ.; Galao, O.; Alberti, MG.; Garcés, P. (2020). Concrete for precast blocks: binary and ternary combination of sewage sludge ash with diverse mineral residue. Materials. 13(20):1-19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13204634S1191320Zabalza Bribián, I., Valero Capilla, A., & Aranda Usón, A. (2011). Life cycle assessment of building materials: Comparative analysis of energy and environmental impacts and evaluation of the eco-efficiency improvement potential. Building and Environment, 46(5), 1133-1140. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.12.002Lothenbach, B., Scrivener, K., & Hooton, R. D. (2011). Supplementary cementitious materials. Cement and Concrete Research, 41(12), 1244-1256. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2010.12.001Ministerio de Agricultura Alimentación y Medio Ambiente http://www.magrama.gob.es/es/calidad-y-evaluacion-ambiental/temas/prevencion-y-gestion-residuos/flujos/lodos-depCyr, M., Coutand, M., & Clastres, P. (2007). Technological and environmental behavior of sewage sludge ash (SSA) in cement-based materials. Cement and Concrete Research, 37(8), 1278-1289. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.04.003Donatello, S., & Cheeseman, C. R. (2013). Recycling and recovery routes for incinerated sewage sludge ash (ISSA): A review. Waste Management, 33(11), 2328-2340. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2013.05.024Marble Association of Alicante http://www.marmoldealicante.esChen, M., Blanc, D., Gautier, M., Mehu, J., & Gourdon, R. (2013). Environmental and technical assessments of the potential utilization of sewage sludge ashes (SSAs) as secondary raw materials in construction. Waste Management, 33(5), 1268-1275. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2013.01.004Monzó, J., Payá, J., Borrachero, M. V., & Córcoles, A. (1996). Use of sewage sludge ash(SSA)-cement admixtures in mortars. Cement and Concrete Research, 26(9), 1389-1398. doi:10.1016/0008-8846(96)00119-6Payá, J., Monzó, J., Borrachero, M. V., Amahjour, F., Girbés, I., Velázquez, S., & Ordóñez, L. M. (2002). Advantages in the use of fly ashes in cements containing pozzolanic combustion residues: silica fume, sewage sludge ash, spent fluidized bed catalyst and rice husk ash. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 77(3), 331-335. doi:10.1002/jctb.583Tay, J.-H., & Show, K.-Y. (1994). Municipal wastewater sludge as cementitious and blended cement materials. Cement and Concrete Composites, 16(1), 39-48. doi:10.1016/0958-9465(94)90029-9Donatello, S., Tyrer, M., & Cheeseman, C. R. (2010). Comparison of test methods to assess pozzolanic activity. Cement and Concrete Composites, 32(2), 121-127. doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2009.10.008Research Group in Chemistry Building Materials—Universitat Politècnica de València. Proyecto PEL-CEN http://epsar.cop.gva.es/depuradorasvPeris Mora, E., Payá, J., & Monzó, J. (1993). Influence of different sized fractions of a fly ash on workability of mortars. Cement and Concrete Research, 23(4), 917-924. doi:10.1016/0008-8846(93)90045-bEvolución de las resistencias mecánicas de sistemas ternarios cemento/ceniza volante/ceniza de lodo de depuradora: Efectos puzolánicos complementarios https://www.upv.es/pms2002/Comunicaciones/038 PAYA.PDFCorinaldesi, V., Moriconi, G., & Naik, T. R. (2010). Characterization of marble powder for its use in mortar and concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 24(1), 113-117. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.08.013Influence of Marble and Limestone Dusts as Additives on Some Mechanical Properties of Concrete, SCI RES ESSAYS 2 (2007) 372-379 http://www.academicjournals.org/SREAliabdo, A. A., Abd Elmoaty, A. E. M., & Auda, E. M. (2014). Re-use of waste marble dust in the production of cement and concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 50, 28-41. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.09.005Rodríguez de Sensale, G. (2006). Strength development of concrete with rice-husk ash. Cement and Concrete Composites, 28(2), 158-160. doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2005.09.005Khan, R., Jabbar, A., Ahmad, I., Khan, W., Khan, A. N., & Mirza, J. (2012). Reduction in environmental problems using rice-husk ash in concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 30, 360-365. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.11.028Madandoust, R., Ranjbar, M. M., Moghadam, H. A., & Mousavi, S. Y. (2011). Mechanical properties and durability assessment of rice husk ash concrete. Biosystems Engineering, 110(2), 144-152. doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2011.07.009Nicoara, A. I., Stoica, A. E., Vrabec, M., Šmuc Rogan, N., Sturm, S., Ow-Yang, C., … Vasile, B. S. (2020). End-of-Life Materials Used as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in the Concrete Industry. Materials, 13(8), 1954. doi:10.3390/ma13081954García Arenas, C., Marrero, M., Leiva, C., Solís-Guzmán, J., & Vilches Arenas, L. F. (2011). High fire resistance in blocks containing coal combustion fly ashes and bottom ash. Waste Management, 31(8), 1783-1789. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2011.03.017Poon, C.-S., Kou, S., Wan, H., & Etxeberria, M. (2009). Properties of concrete blocks prepared with low grade recycled aggregates. Waste Management, 29(8), 2369-2377. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2009.02.018Sabai, M. M., Cox, M. G. D. M., Mato, R. R., Egmond, E. L. C., & Lichtenberg, J. J. N. (2013). Concrete block production from construction and demolition waste in Tanzania. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 72, 9-19. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2012.12.003Xiao, R., Ma, Y., Jiang, X., Zhang, M., Zhang, Y., Wang, Y., … He, Q. (2020). Strength, microstructure, efflorescence behavior and environmental impacts of waste glass geopolymers cured at ambient temperature. Journal of Cleaner Production, 252, 119610. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119610Xiao, R., Polaczyk, P., Zhang, M., Jiang, X., Zhang, Y., Huang, B., & Hu, W. (2020). Evaluation of Glass Powder-Based Geopolymer Stabilized Road Bases Containing Recycled Waste Glass Aggregate. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2674(1), 22-32. doi:10.1177/0361198119898695Antoni, M., Rossen, J., Martirena, F., & Scrivener, K. (2012). Cement substitution by a combination of metakaolin and limestone. Cement and Concrete Research, 42(12), 1579-1589. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2012.09.006Scrivener, K., Martirena, F., Bishnoi, S., & Maity, S. (2018). Calcined clay limestone cements (LC3). Cement and Concrete Research, 114, 49-56. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2017.08.01

Mobile Voices: Projecting the Voices of Immigrant Workers by Appropriating Mobile Phones for Popular Communication

Mobile Voices, also known as VozMob (www.vozmob.net), is a digital storytelling platform for first generation, low-wage immigrants in Los Angeles to create and publish stories about their communities, directly from cell phones. The project is a partnership between the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Southern California (USC) and the Institute of Popular Education of Southern California (IDEPSCA), a nonprofit that organizes low-income immigrants in Los Angeles. Founded in 1984, IDEPSCA's programs are focused on education, economic development, health access and reform, popular communication, and worker rights. Currently IDEPSCA runs six day laborer and household worker centers and two day laborer corners where workers look for jobs in a more humane and dignified way while learning about their rights and gaining valuable leadership skills. The Annenberg School for Communication (the research partner) and IDEPSCA (the community partner) came together around the shared goal of designing communication systems and processes that promote media justice and help those without computer access gain greater participation in the digital public sphere. This chapter is a reflection on popular communication, participatory design, andcommunity-based multimedia practice from the Mobile Voices project team. It was collaboratively written by 13 members of the project and includes a project overview and an exploration of themes including the pedagogy of popular communication, participatory technology design, and the dynamic

Impact of non-neurological complications in severe traumatic brain injury outcome

Introduction: Non-neurological complications in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) are frequent, worsening the prognosis, but the pathophysiology of systemic complications after TBI is unclear. The purpose of this study was to analyze non-neurological complications in patients with severe TBI admitted to the ICU, the impact of these complications on mortality, and their possible correlation with TBI severity. Methods: An observational retrospective cohort study was conducted in one multidisciplinary ICU of a university hospital (35 beds); 224 consecutive adult patients with severe TBI (initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) < 9) admitted to the ICU were included. Neurological and non-neurological variables were recorded. Results: Sepsis occurred in 75% of patients, respiratory infections in 68%, hypotension in 44%, severe respiratory failure (arterial oxygen pressure/oxygen inspired fraction ratio (PaO2/FiO(2)) < 200) in 41% and acute kidney injury (AKI) in 8%. The multivariate analysis showed that Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) at one year was independently associated with age, initial GCS 3 to 5, worst Traumatic Coma Data Bank (TCDB) first computed tomography (CT) scan and the presence of intracranial hypertension but not AKI. Hospital mortality was independently associated with initial GSC 3 to 5, worst TCDB first CT scan, the presence of intracranial hypertension and AKI. The presence of AKI regardless of GCS multiplied risk of death 6.17 times (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.37 to 27.78) (P < 0.02), while ICU hypotension increased the risk of death in patients with initial scores of 3 to 5 on the GCS 4.28 times (95% CI: 1.22 to15.07) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Low initial GCS, worst first CT scan, intracranial hypertension and AKI determined hospital mortality in severe TBI patients. Besides the direct effect of low GCS on mortality, this neurological condition also is associated with ICU hypotension which increases hospital mortality among patients with severe TBI. These findings add to previous studies that showed that non-neurological complications increase the length of stay and morbidity in the ICU but do not increase mortality, with the exception of AKI and hypotension in low GCS (3 to 5)

Solid phase microextraction coupled to mass spectrometry: Via a microfluidic open interface for rapid therapeutic drug monitoring

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic used during cardiac surgery that presents high inter-patient variability. High plasma concentrations have been associated with post-operative seizures. Due to the difficulties with maintaining acceptable concentrations of TXA during surgery, implementation of a point-of-care strategy for testing TXA plasma concentration would allow for close monitoring of its concentration during administration. This would facilitate timely corrections to the dosing schedule, and in effect tailor treatment for individual patient needs. In this work, a method for the rapid monitoring of TXA from plasma samples was subsequently carried out via biocompatible solid-phase microextraction (Bio-SPME) coupled directly to tandem mass spectrometry via a microfluidic open interface (MOI). MOI operates under the concept of a flow-isolated desorption volume and was designed with aims to directly hyphenate Bio-SPME to different detection and ionization systems. In addition, it allows the desorption of Bio-SPME fibers in small volumes while it concurrently continues feeding the ESI with a constant flow to minimize cross-talking and instabilities. The methodology was used to monitor six patients with varying degrees of renal dysfunction, at different time points during cardiac surgery. MOI proves to be a reliable and feasible tool for rapid therapeutic drug monitoring. Affording total times of analysis as low as 30 seconds per sample in its high throughput mode configuration while the single sample turn-around time was 15 minutes, including sample preparation. In addition, cross-validation against a standard thin film solid phase microextraction using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (TFME-LC-MS/MS) method was performed. Bland-Altman analysis was used to cross-validate the results obtained by the two methods. Data analysis demonstrated that 92% of the compared data pairs (n = 63) were distributed within the acceptable range. The data was also validated by the Passing Bablok regression, demonstrating good statistical agreement between these two methods. Finally, the currently presented method offers comparable results to the conventional liquid chromatography with acceptable RSDs, while only necessitating a fraction of the time. In this way, TXA concentration in plasma can be monitored in a close to real time throughput during surgery.Fil: Looby, Nikita T.. University of Waterloo; CanadáFil: Tascon, Marcos. University of Waterloo; Canadá. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Acquaro, Vinicius R.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil. University of Waterloo; CanadáFil: Reyes Garcés, Nathaly. Restek Corporation; Estados Unidos. University of Waterloo; CanadáFil: Vasiljevic, Tijana. University of Waterloo; CanadáFil: Gomez Rios, German Augusto. University of Waterloo; Canadá. Restek Corporation; Estados UnidosFil: Wasowicz, Marcin. Toronto General Hospital; CanadáFil: Pawliszyn, Janusz. University of Waterloo; Canad

Characterization of pregnant women in critically surgical state admitted to the Intensive Care Unit

Introducción: la morbilidad obstétrica y la mortalidad materna se definen como la probabilidad que una mujer que ha estado o está embarazada enferme o muera según sea el caso. Objetivo: caracterizar la paciente obstétrica crítica quirúrgica ingresada en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital General Docente “Vladimir Ilich Lenin” de provincia Holguín. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal retrospectivo en el período comprendido desde 1 de enero hasta 31 de diciembre de 2021. El universo de estudio lo constituyeron 90 maternas críticas quirúrgicas ingresadas en dicha unidad, (muestra=universo). Se identificaron: edad, estado físico según Sociedad Americana de Anestesiología, enfermedades asociadas, técnica anestésica empleada, diagnóstico al ingreso a la unidad de cuidados intensivos y mortalidad. Los resultados se registraron en una base electrónica de datos y se aplicó estadística descriptiva. Resultados: las pacientes obstétricas con estado físico II según Sociedad Americana de Anestesiología, entre 20-29 años con antecedentes de hipertensión arterial fueron las más propensas a ingresar en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, siendo las causas directas: principalmente la hemorragia obstétrica, secundado por preeclampsia agravada y la sepsis; las causas indirectas: cirugía no obstétrica, como apendicitis aguda. La anestesia general fue la técnica anestésica más empleada. La mortalidad fue baja y de causa indirecta. Conclusiones: los resultados coinciden con lo publicado por otros autores, donde se muestra la importancia de la atención multidisciplinaria desde la atención primaria de salud hasta la atención secundaria.Introdução: a morbidade obstétrica e a mortalidade materna são definidas como a probabilidade de uma mulher que esteve ou está grávida adoecer ou morrer, conforme o caso. Objetivo: caracterizar a paciente obstétrica cirúrgica crítica internada na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva do Hospital General Docente “Vladimir Ilich Lenin” na província de Holguín. Método: estudo descritivo, retrospectivo longitudinal, realizado no período de 1º de janeiro a 31 de dezembro de 2021. O universo de estudo foi composto por 90 puérperas críticas internadas na referida unidade (amostra=universo). Foram identificados: idade, estado físico de acordo com a Sociedade Americana de Anestesiologia, doenças associadas, técnica anestésica utilizada, diagnóstico na admissão na unidade de terapia intensiva e mortalidade. Os resultados foram registrados em banco de dados eletrônico e foi aplicada estatística descritiva. Resultados: as pacientes obstétricas com estado físico II segundo a American Society of Anesthesiology, entre 20-29 anos com histórico de hipertensão arterial, foram as mais propensas a serem admitidas na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, sendo as causas diretas: principalmente hemorragia obstétrica, secundária à pré-eclâmpsia, agravada e sepse; causas indiretas: cirurgia não obstétrica, como apendicite aguda. A anestesia geral foi a técnica anestésica mais utilizada. A mortalidade foi baixa e de causa indireta. Conclusões: os resultados coincidem com os publicados por outros autores, onde se mostra a importância da atenção multidisciplinar desde a atenção primária à saúde secundária.Introduction: obstetric morbidity and maternal mortality are defined as the probability that a woman who has been or is pregnant will become ill or die. Objective: characterization of the obstetric patient in critically surgical state admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at the Hospital General Docente "Vladimir Ilich Lenin" in Holguín province. Method: a descriptive, longitudinal, retrospective study was conducted from January 1 to December 31, 2021. The universe studied consisted of 90 pregnant women in critically surgical state admitted to the ICU (sample=universe). It was identified: age, physical status according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists, associated diseases, anesthetic technique used, diagnosis on admission to the intensive care unit, and mortality. The results were recorded in an electronic database and the descriptive statistics were applied. Results: obstetric patients with physical status II according to the American Society of Anesthesiology, between 20 to 29 years of age with a history of arterial hypertension were the most likely to be admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, the direct causes being: mainly obstetric hemorrhage, seconded by aggravated preeclampsia and sepsis; indirect causes: non-obstetric surgery, such as acute appendicitis. General anesthesia was the most commonly used anesthetic technique. Mortality was low and indirect cause. Conclusions: the results agree with those published by other authors, which show the importance of multidisciplinary care from primary health care to secondary care

Quantitative analysis of biofluid spots by coated blade spray mass spectrometry, a new approach to rapid screening

This study demonstrates the quantitative capabilities of coated blade spray (CBS) mass spectrometry (MS) for the concomitant analysis of multiple target substances in biofluid spots. In CBS-MS the analytes present in a given sample are first isolated and enriched in the thin coating of the CBS device. After a quick rinsing of the blade surface, as to remove remaining matrix, the analytes are quickly desorbed with the help of a solvent and then directly electrosprayed into the MS analyzer. Diverse pain management drugs, controlled substances, and therapeutic medications were successfully determined using only 10 µL of biofluid, with limits of quantitation in the low/sub ng·mL−1 level attained within 7 minutes.Thermo Scientific Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada - Industrial Research Chair program Authors are very grateful with Pfizer Canada Inc., Merck Canada Inc., Quebec Consortium for Drug Discovery (CQDM), Brain Canada, and Ontario Brain Institute for the grant “Solid phase microextraction-based integrated platform for untargeted and targeted in vivo brain studies