Modeling of gain and phase dynamics in quantum dot amplifiers

By means of an electron hole rate equation model we explain the phase dynamics of a quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifier and the appearance of different decay times observed in pump and probe experiments. The ultrafast hole relaxation leads to a first ultrafast recovery of the gain, followed by electron relaxation and, in the nanosecond timescale, radiative and non-radiative recombinations. The phase dynamics is slower and is affected by thermal redistribution of carriers within the dot. We explain the ultrafast response of quantum dot amplifiers as an effect of hole escape and recombination without the need to assume Auger processe

Incorporación de información satelital grillada para la producción de una base de datos de temperaturas mínimas de alta resolución

El objetivo principal de este trabajo de tesis es mejorar, en términos predictivos, el desempeño de los modelos geoestadísticos clásicos de interpolación espacial para medidas de temperatura mínima del aire a 2m, registrada por las redes de estaciones de observación meteorológica del Uruguay operadas por INUMET e INIA. Basado en la experiencia de, se propone el uso de Kriging Universal, que permite la incorporación de información grillada de alta resolución, empleándose en este caso imágenes de la plataforma MODIS proporcionada por NASA y de libre acceso. En consideración de que todas las bases utilizadas tienen datos faltantes y outliers, se han desarrollado técnicas ad-hoc que permitieron la depuración y reconstrucción del producto satelital. Asimismo, se hizo necesario aplicar algoritmos supervisados de control de calidad para depurar la base de datos puntual de las estaciones. Estas bases de gran tamaño trasladan el problema al área de Big Data, por lo que uno de los desafíos computacionales del trabajo es lograr resultados en tiempos de máquina razonables mediante técnicas de computación de alta performance (HPC), compresión de información, y el uso de caches y estructuras de datos eficientes.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Incorporación de información satelital grillada para la producción de una base de datos de temperaturas mínimas de alta resolución

El objetivo principal de este trabajo de tesis es mejorar, en términos predictivos, el desempeño de los modelos geoestadísticos clásicos de interpolación espacial para medidas de temperatura mínima del aire a 2m, registrada por las redes de estaciones de observación meteorológica del Uruguay operadas por INUMET e INIA. Basado en la experiencia de, se propone el uso de Kriging Universal, que permite la incorporación de información grillada de alta resolución, empleándose en este caso imágenes de la plataforma MODIS proporcionada por NASA y de libre acceso. En consideración de que todas las bases utilizadas tienen datos faltantes y outliers, se han desarrollado técnicas ad-hoc que permitieron la depuración y reconstrucción del producto satelital. Asimismo, se hizo necesario aplicar algoritmos supervisados de control de calidad para depurar la base de datos puntual de las estaciones. Estas bases de gran tamaño trasladan el problema al área de Big Data, por lo que uno de los desafíos computacionales del trabajo es lograr resultados en tiempos de máquina razonables mediante técnicas de computación de alta performance (HPC), compresión de información, y el uso de caches y estructuras de datos eficientes.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Biocrusts Modulate Climate Change Effects on Soil Organic Carbon Pools: Insights From a 9-Year Experiment

Accumulating evidence suggests that warming associated with climate change is decreasing the total amount of soil organic carbon (SOC) in drylands, although scientific research has not given enough emphasis to particulate (POC) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) pools. Biocrusts are a major biotic feature of drylands and have large impacts on the C cycle, yet it is largely unknown whether they modulate the responses of POC and MAOC to climate change. Here, we assessed the effects of simulated climate change (control, reduced rainfall (RE), warming (WA), and RE + WA) and initial biocrust cover (low ( 50%)) on the mineral protection of soil C and soil organic matter quality in a dryland ecosystem in central Spain for 9 years. At low initial biocrust cover levels, both WA and RE + WA increased SOC, especially POC but also MAOC, and promoted a higher contribution of carbohydrates, relative to aromatic compounds, to the POC fraction. These results suggest that the accumulation of soil C under warming treatments may be transitory in soils with low initial biocrust cover. In soils with high initial biocrust cover, climate change treatments did not affect SOC, neither POC nor MAOC fraction. Overall, our results indicate that biocrust communities modulate the negative effect of climate change on SOC, because no losses of soil C were observed with the climate manipulations under biocrusts. Future work should focus on determining the long-term persistence of the observed buffering effect by biocrust-forming lichens, as they are known to be negatively affected by warming.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This research has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC Grant agreement 647038 [BIODESERT]), the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No 654132 [VULCAN]), the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (PID2020-116578RB-I00 [VULCOCLIM]) and Generalitat Valenciana (CIDEGENT/2018/041). P.D.-M. was supported by Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (FPU17/02949), M. Panettieri acknowledge the financial support by the Comunidad de Madrid and the Spanish National Council of Scientific Researches research grant Atracción de Talento (grant number 2019T1/AMB14503)

Modeling of gain and phase dynamics in quantum dot amplifiers

By means of an electron hole rate equation model we explain the phase dynamics of a quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifier and the appearance of different decay times observed in pump and probe experiments. The ultrafast hole relaxation leads to a first ultrafast recovery of the gain, followed by electron relaxation and, in the nanosecond timescale, radiative and non-radiative recombinations. The phase dynamics is slower and is affected by thermal redistribution of carriers within the dot. We explain the ultrafast response of quantum dot amplifiers as an effect of hole escape and recombination without the need to assume Auger processes

A Deep Learning-Based Multimodal Architecture to predict Signs of Dementia

This paper proposes a multimodal deep learning architecture combining text and audio information to predict dementia, a disease which affects around 55 million people all over the world and makes them in some cases dependent people. The system was evaluated on the DementiaBank Pitt Corpus dataset, which includes audio recordings as well as their transcriptions for healthy people and people with dementia. Different models have been used and tested, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) for audio classification, Transformers for text classification, and a combination of both in a multimodal ensemble. These models have been evaluated on a test set, obtaining the best results by using the text modality, achieving 90.36% accuracy on the task of detecting dementia. Additionally, an analysis of the corpus has been conducted for the sake of explainability, aiming to obtain more information about how the models generate their predictions and identify patterns in the data.We would like to thank “A way of making Europe” European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 for supporting this work under the MoDeaAS project (grant PID2019-104818RB-I00) and AICARE project (grant SPID202200X139779IV0). Furthermore, we would like to thank Nvidia for their generous hardware donation that made these experiments possible

Results in surgical treatment of benign tumors parotid gland: Review of 104 patients

[ES] Introducción y objetivo: Dentro de los tumores de glándulas salivales, los tumores benignos de la glándula parótida (GP) son los más frecuentes. En este estudio presentamos nuestros resultados en el tratamiento quirúrgico de la patología tumoral benigna de la GP. Material y Métodos: Se realiza un estudio retrospectivo de todos los pacientes diagnosticados de tumor de GP en un Hospital Comarcal, durante los años de 1993 a 2006, tratados mediante cirugía, así como su seguimiento postoperatorio durante 5 años. Resultados: Se han incluido en el estudio 104 pacientes, de los cuales 60 eran mujeres y 44 varones. El tumor más frecuente diagnosticado es el adenoma pleomorfo; la estancia hospitalaria media fue de 1,5 días. No se han observado recidivas en el periodo de estudio. Conclusiones: La parotidectomía parcial es una técnica segura en los tumores benignos de GP, tendiendo a ser cada vez más selectiva y económica en su aplicación, con muy escasa morbilidad y una estancia hospitalaria media reducida. [EN] Introduction and objective: Benign tumours of the parotid gland tumours represent the most common of the salivary glands. This study aims to report our experience for thirteen years in the management of benign tumour pathology of the parotid gland in the most controversial issues, such as diagnosis, type of surgery and perioperative management. Methods: We performed a retrospective descriptive study of all patients diagnosed with benign parotid tumours in our Comarcal Hospital during the years 1993-2006, inclusive, and who were treated by surgery. Results: The study included 104 patients, of whom 60 were female and 44 to male. The most common tumour is the pleomorphic adenoma and the average stay was 1.5 days. The partial parotidectomy are suprafacial and proper techniques for the treatment of these tumours, with few complications and no recurrence in our study. Conclusions:The partial parotidectomy is a suitable technique for benign parotid tumours, increasingly tending to be more selective in the removal, with very low morbidity and very short average stay

Influence of Football Match-Play on Isometric Knee Flexion Strength and Passive Hip Flexion Range of Motion in Football Referees and Assistant Referees.

The aim of this study was to examine the acute effect of officiating a football (soccer) match on isometric knee flexion strength and passive hip flexion range-of-motion (ROM) in referees and assistant football referees. Twelve referees (25.3 ± 3.3 years) and twenty-three assistant referees (25.1 ± 4.8 years) underwent measurements on isometric knee flexion strength and passive hip flexion ROM before and after officiating an official football match. Referees’ and assistant referees’ running patterns were monitored during the match using GPS technology. In comparison to pre-match values, referees reduced their isometric knee flexion strength (−12.36%, p = 0.046, Effect size [ES] = −0.36) in the non-dominant limb, while no significant differences were reported in the dominant limb (−0.75%, p = 0.833, ES = −0.02). No effect of the match was found in hip flexion ROM values in dominant (−4.78%, p = 0.102, ES = −0.15) and non-dominant limb (5.54%, p = 0.544, ES = 0.19). In assistant referees, the pre-to-post-match changes in isometric knee flexion strength (dominant limb −3.10%, p = 0.323, ES = −0.13; non-dominant limb −2.18%, p = 0.980, ES= 0.00) and hip flexion ROM (dominant limb 1.90% p = −0.816, ES = 0.13; non-dominant limb 3.22% p = 0.051, ES = 0.23) did not reach statistical significance. Officiating a match provoked a reduction in isometric knee flexion strength in the non-dominant limb of football referees, while no differences were reported in assistant referees.post-print676 K

Ischemic preconditioning and ischaemia-reperfusion: key role of connexin43 and mitochondrial complexes

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IVVI: Intelligent vehicle based on visual information

Human errors are the cause of most traffic accidents, with drivers’ inattention and wrong driving decisions being the two main sources. These errors can be reduced, but not completely eliminated. That is why Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) can reduce the number, danger and severity of traffic accidents. Several ADAS, which nowadays are being researched for Intelligent vehicles, are based on Artificial Intelligence and Robotics technologies. In this article a research platform for the implementation of systems based on computer vision is presented, and different visual perception modules useful for some ADAS such as Line Keeping System, Adaptive Cruise Control, Pedestrian Protector, or Speed Supervisor, are described.This work was supported in part by the Spanish government under CICYT grant TRA2004-07441-C03-01