THE NEW PHYSICALLY NONLINEAR FINITE ELEMENTS IN SOFTWARE PACKAGE LIRA 10.8

The new physically nonlinear finite elements, based on the theory of elastic plasticity, are proposed for bending rods and plates. These new elements can be used for static and dynamic problems, including seismic. The iterative method is used for static problems, the finite differences method - for dynamic

STAGES OF BIOFILMS FORMATION BY THE LEADING PATHOGENS IN CHILDREN WITH PYELONEPHRITIS ON CONGENITAL HYDRONEPHROSIS BACKGROUND DEPENDING ON CHILD’S AGE

The aim: to study the stages of primary and secondary biofilms formation by the leading pathogens in children with pyelonephritis on congenital hydronephrosis background depending on child’s age. Materials and methods. Venflons, catheters, urine were used as material for microbiological study. Identification of microorganisms was provided with MICRO-LA-TESTÒID kits. Isolates were tested for ability to form biofilms in Petri dishes with d=40 mm. The morphological structure of the biofilms was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Results: The study of structural and functional features of biofilms formation by leading pathogens of in children with pyelonephritis on congenital hydronephrosis background depending on child’s age revealed a number of features and patterns. In addition to the classical stages of biofilms formation as 3D structure there was found a dissemination of planktonic cells with the release of bacteria or loss of single fragments that spread throughout the body and attach to the substrate with the formation of a new or secondary biofilm. In children under 3 years it was shown that the cocci attachment to the substrate appeared faster than in gram-negative rods and had appearance of separate structures. The longest stage of primary biofilms formation in young children was the co-aggregation. Detecting an ability to colonize with the formation of a secondary biofilm in isolates established that the longest stage was re-adsorption and the shortest was re-aggregation, which lasted 2 hours in all detected pathogens. In middle-aged children, the duration of adhesion stage was reduced by 1-2 hours compared with it in young children. Conclusions. Scientific data about the stages of biofilms formation by microorganisms, causative agents of pyelonephritis in children was updated. Adhesion stage of isolates from elder children with pyelonephritis on background of congenital hydronephrosis underwent faster in the formation of secondary biofilms than in primary, and it formed the possibility for chronic process and the development of recurrences. The duration of each stage in biofilms formation by causative agents of pyelonephritis in children with congenital hydronephrosis depended on the age of the child and the properties of microorganism

Specifičnosti procesa deformacije tla podloge pokusnih temeljnih ploča

The basic principles of methods for determination of interconnection of the structural strength, the coefficients of lateral pressure and lateral extension according the results of research in the field. The increase of the structural strength of the artificial massive in time shown, its influence on the depth of the deformation zone revealed, the correlation of the settlements by compaction and lateral extension, as well as on the lateral extension coefficient. The methods for determining the coefficients of lateral expansion and lateral pressure developed and tested. The assumption of a linear decrease of the relative settlements оn the depth on the basis of which the total value of settlement, in the first approximation, divided into two parts ‒ due to compaction (decrease of porosity) and lateral extension (reshape) accepted.U radu su predstavljeni osnovni principi metodologije određivanja povezanosti strukturne čvrstoće, koeficijenata bočnog tlaka i poprečnog širenja prema rezultatima terenskih istraživanja. Pokazano povećanje strukturne čvrstoće umjetnih naslaga u vremenu, otkriven njen utjecaj na dubinu zone deformacije, odnos slijeganja izazvanih sabijanjem i poprečnim širenjem, te također utjecaj na koeficijent poprečnog širenja. Razrađeni su i ispitane metodologije određivanja koeficijenta bočnog širenja i bočnog tlaka. Prihvaćena je pretpostavka o linearnom smanjenju relativnih slijeganja po dubini, na temelju koje ukupna veličina slijeganja, u prvoj iteraciji, podijeljena u dva djela – uslijed sabijanja (smanjenja obujma pora) i bočnog širenja (promjene oblika)

Improved mechanical properties of porous nitinol by aluminum alloying

Aluminum alloying effects (up to 2 at %) on the macrostructure, microstructure, and mechanical properties of porous nitinol (NiTi) obtained by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) were studied. It has been established that Ni and Ti interactions with liquid Al (0.5–1 at % Al) in the SHS process significantly change macrostructure, decrease the size of the interpore bridges, and increase their number, resulting in a larger effective cross-sectional area. An increase in the aluminum content above 1 at % leads to larger interpore bridges in the SHS product. The microhardness of TiNi(Al) increases from 305 HV50 g to 422 HV50 g with aluminum concentration, while the fraction of the TiNi(Al) (B2 + B19′) phases decreases from 75% to 50%. The Ti2Ni(Al) phase fraction increases from 25% to 50% with Al concentration. The 64 MPa tensile strength and 2.9% fracture strain of porous Ti50Ni49Al1 alloy are higher than without Al. The increase in strength is due to the formation of a more homogeneous macrostructure and solid solution strengthening of the alloy-forming phases

Biocompatibility assessment of coatings obtained in argon and nitrogen atmospheres for TiNi materials

This work aims to study the cytocompatibility of protective coatings obtained in argon and nitrogen atmospheres on a TiNi surface. Particular attention is paid to comparing the interaction of cell culture with coatings and an uncoated TiNi sample, using for comparison the number of viable cells on the surface, the phase composition, structure, wettability, surface charge and topography. The Ti/Ni/Ti nanolaminate was deposited on a TiNi substrate by magnetron sputtering. Reaction annealing of Ti/Ni/Ti nanolaminate on a TiNi substrate, when heated to 900 ◦C in argon, leads to the formation of a dense two-layer coating 2.0–2.1 µm thick: layer I (TiO + Ti2N), layer II (Ti4Ni2 O(N)). Reaction annealing in nitrogen leads to the formation of a thin three-layer nanocoating 250 nm thick: I (TiO2 + TiN), II (Ti4Ni2N(O) + Ti3Ni4), III (TiN). The coating synthesized in nitrogen is more favorable for cell attachment and proliferation because of the moderately hydrophilic rough surface and mixed phase composition of titanium nitrides and oxides

Health and welfare of Atlantic salmon in FishGLOBE V5 -a novel closed containment system at sea

Closed-containment (CCS) systems offer several advantages in controlling the production environment for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) aquaculture, especially at sea, where fish are more exposed to challenging environmental conditions. Here, we report the health and welfare of Atlantic salmon in FishGLOBE V5, a 3500 m3 semi-closed containment system. A group of 200,000 post-smolts was followed from a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) facility, then for three and a half months in FishGLOBE V5, and three months after release in net pens. Fish samples were collected at four time points during the production period, while water quality was evaluated when the fish were in FishGLOBE V5. The water quality in FishGLOBE V5 was within the recommended range for salmon post-smolts. The mortality rate was 1.4% in FishGLOBE V5 and 4.9% in net pens. There was an increase in the prevalence of eye, snout and dorsal fin damages before the fish left the FishGLOBE V5 phase. The plasma level of magnesium was slightly elevated during this phase as well, indicating osmotic imbalance and stress. Histological evaluation of skin and gills showed sporadic cases of non-specific pathologies. In particular, the transitory stay in FishGLOBE V5 partially improved skin health, but not gill health. Gene expression profiling of some biomarkers showed that rearing fish in FishGLOBE V5 could influence the expression of genes involved in stress response, mucus production, and epithelial integrity. This study documented that rearing salmon for a certain period in FishGLOBE V5 during production affected different health and welfare indicators. These changes should be taken into consideration for the improvement of FishGLOBE V5 as a viable technology for post-smolt production at sea.Health and welfare of Atlantic salmon in FishGLOBE V5 -a novel closed containment system at seapublishedVersio

колективна монографія

Кримінальний процесуальний кодекс 2012 року: ідеологія та практика правозастосування: колективна монографія / за заг. ред. Ю. П. Аленіна ; відпов. за вип. І. В. Гловюк. - Одеса : Видавничий дім «Гельветика», 2018. - 1148 с

Alternative oils in cod diet: Effect on fish performance

A study was conducted to investigate the effect of different sources of feed oils in the diet for cod. During the experiment we tested four types of feed. The content of protein (53%) and starch (8.5%) were the same in all four diets, while fat percentages FORO diet 19.1 %, SO-L diet 17.8 %, SO-H 17.2 %, FO 20.2 % and the type of oils was different in all dietary groups.Particular, focus was given to evaluate the different type of oils used; a rapeseed oil/fish oil blend (FORO), salmon oil of low quality (SO-L), salmon oil of high quality (SO-H) and normal fish oil (FO). We wanted to evaluate how the different oils affected the growth performance, the lipid and fatty acids composition of the cod liver and health parameters of the experimental fish. In our study, we showed that none of the tested oils had negative effects on growth, feed efficiency and health parameters of the fish, in despite of higher tendencies to peroxidation processes in SO-H and SO-L groups

Probabilistic analysis of deformed mode of engineering constructions’ soil-cement grounds

The results of the analysis of probabilistic methods that are used to assess the deformed state of the foundations of engineering structures are presented. A finite element analysis of the stress-strain state of the “man made soil ground – foundation – structure” system was carried out. A method for probabilistic calculation using the finite element method is proposed. On a real example, the level of reliability of a design decision based on a deterministic calculation is estimated by probabilistic calculation. On the basis of the statistic data obtained by imitational modeling, the probability of failure and no-failure operation of the structure regarding the absolute value of settlement and regarding the value of tilt against the reinforcement ratio of soft soil grounds settlements was determined. The probability of failure regarding the value of tilt against the reinforcement ratio was taken (15 to 25%), which is 0.03 – 0.05

Обмінна взаємодія і моделі контактної генерації збурень в трибосистемах

The physical mechanisms have been investigated that form and transform the corpuscular-vortex-wave thermal complexes of disturbances in contact tribosystems based on the quantum-mechanical exchange interaction. The presence of a contact gap determines the generation of pairs of quasi-particles-disturbances stabilized by wavelength and frequency. Internal instability and collapse processes in such a system of disturbances lead to the formation of defects in a tribopair's material and underlie the emergency friction regimes. This paper gives specific technical examples of the generation of thermal complexes at fretting, during the friction of sliding and rolling, and at cutting. It has been established that the destructive nature of the process of fretting at low values of reverse sliding speeds is caused by the generation and collapse of the corpuscular-vortex-wave thermal complexes. An example of acoustic friction emission in the ultrasonic region of the spectrum has been used to show the quantum nature of the disturbances generated by friction. The high-frequency spectrum of acoustic emission corresponds to the unbalanced composition of the disturbances and leads to the formation of wear particles. The exchange interaction in a tribosystem involving rolling on the plane has been considered. The results of statistical analysis of such rolling showed the existence of the effect of negative friction caused by the quantum generation of longwave disturbances. It has been demonstrated that the collapsed component of the generation of disturbances is significantly increased under the modes of materials destruction, including when cutting the materials. The corpuscular-vortex-wave mechanism of selective transfer and hydrogen wear in tribosystems has been described. It is shown that the properties of a servovite film under the mode of selective transfer are provided by the collapse processes in the system of disturbances. Similar processes at the vortex-wave transfer of hydrogen atoms in metals lead to the wear and destruction of the surface layer of frictionРассмотрены физические механизмы образования и трансформации корпускулярно-вихреволновых термокомплексов возмущений в контактных трибосистемах, основанные на квантово-механическом обменном взаимодействии. Наличие контактного разрыва определяет генерацию пар квазичастиц-возмущений, стабилизированных по длине волны и частоте. Внутренняя неустойчивость и коллапсные процессы в такой системе возмущений ведут к дефектообразования в материале трибопары и лежат в основе аварийных режимов трения. Приведены конкретные технические примеры генерации термокомплексов при фреттинге, трении скольжения и качения, резании. Установлено, что разрушительный характер процесса фреттинга при низких значениях скоростей реверсивного скольжения обусловлен генерацией и коллапсом корпускулярно-вихреволновых термокомплексов. На примере акустической эмиссии трения в ультразвуковой области спектра показан квантовый характер возмущений, генерируемых трением. Высокочастотный спектр акустической эмиссии соответствует неравновесному составу возмущений и приводит к формированию частиц износа. Рассмотрено обменное взаимодействие в трибосистеме с качением по плоскости. Результаты статистического анализа такого качения показали наличие эффекта отрицательного трения, вызванного квантовой генерацией длинноволновых возмущений. Показано, что коллапсная составляющая генерации возмущений значительно усиливается в режимах разрушения материалов, в том числе при резании материалов. Описан корпускулярно-вихреволновой механизм избирательного переноса и водородного изнашивания в трибосистемах. Показано, что свойства сервовитной пленки в режиме избирательного переноса обеспечиваются коллапсными процессами в системе возмущений. Аналогичные процессы при вихреволновом переносе атомов водорода в металлах приводят к изнашиванию и разрушению поверхностного слоя тренияРозглянуто фізичні механізми утворення і трансформації корпускулярно-віхрехвильових термокомплексів збуджень в контактних трибосистемах, засновані на квантово-механічній обмінній взаємодії. Наявність контактного розриву двох термостатів з різними знаками абсолютної температури визначає генерацію пар квазічастинок-збурень, стабілізованих по довжині хвилі і частоті. Внутрішня нестійкість і колапсні процеси в такій системі збурень ведуть до дефектоутворення в матеріалі трибопари і є причиною аварійних режимів тертя. Наведено конкретні технічні приклади генерації термокомплексів при фреттингу, терті ковзання і кочення, різанні матеріалів. Встановлено, що руйнівний характер процесу фреттингу при низьких значеннях швидкостей реверсивного ковзання обумовлений генерацією і колапсом корпускулярно-віхорхвильових термокомплексів. На прикладі акустичної емісії тертя в ультразвукової області спектру показаний квантовий характер збурень, що генеруються тертям. Високочастотний спектр акустичної емісії відповідає нерівноважному складу збурень і призводить до формування частинок зносу. Розглянута обмінна взаємодія в трибосистемі з коченням тіла по площині. Результати статистичного аналізу такого кочення показали наявність ефекту від`ємного тертя внаслідок квантової генерації довгохвильових збурень. Показано, що колапсна складова генерації збурень значно посилюється в режимах руйнування матеріалів, в тому числі при різанні матеріалів. Описано корпускулярно-віхорхвильовий механізм вибіркового перенесення і водневого зношування в трибосистемах. Показано, що властивості сервовітної плівки в режимі вибіркового перенесення забезпечуються колапсними процесами в системі збурень. Аналогічні процеси при віхрехвильовому перенесенні атомів водню в металах призводять до зношування і руйнування поверхневого шару терт