Periodismo emergente: atención al usuario, calidad e hibridación. Estudio del caso Revista 5w en España

El periodismo y el periodista se encuentran en una encrucijada (Diezhandino, 2012) debido a la unión de varias crisis, la pérdida de credibilidad y la explosión digital, entre otras. Más allá del periodismo de titulares, con información en formato comprimido para un lector exprés, aparecen propuestas periodísticas que apuestan por una vuelta al periodismo de calidad y con un tratamiento de la información en profundidad. Este estudio es de carácter explicativo y exploratorio, pues el objetivo es indagar en la nueva producción periodística en España y, especialmente, en aquellas que presentan nuevos modelos de comunicación participativa. La hipótesis de partica es que, tras la avalancha de contenido descafeinado, los nuevos medios optan por un periodismo de calidad para conectar con su audiencia y obtener financiación. Nos hemos aproximado a nuevos modelos de producción y difusión de contenido en la red para conocer y analizar sus propuestas. Nos basamos en una revisión bibliográfica que abarca las teorías de la comunicación, la sociología y la antropología de la comunicación que pueden aplicarse a nuestro objeto de estudio, así como el desarrollo del periodismo y la comunicación en la web social. Hemos realizado un análisis del reciente medio 5W como estudio de caso para abordar desde el modelo de financiación hasta su difusión, pasando por sus formas narrativas y tratamiento de la información. El caso que analizamos, Revista 5W, parte de un proyecto de micro mecenazgo para conseguir la financiación con la que poder despegar. Como este y tanto a nivel nacional como internacional hemos visto propuestas innovadoras que buscan el nuevo modelo que aporte soluciones a los problemas del periodismo actual

Twitter and political communication: the case of the Partido Popular and Podemos in the 2016 general elections

Este trabajo analiza el uso que hicieron de Twitter las cinco cuentas oficiales de las comunidades autónomas con mayor número de seguidores del Partido Popular y Podemos durante la campaña electoral para las elecciones generales de 2016. Siguiendo la metodología del análisis de contenido, se analizaron 1.845 tuits. Los resultados obtenidos confirman el uso de Twitter como herramienta unidireccional, sin llegar a establecerse un diálogo fluido entre partidos y votantes. Twitter es utilizado como un medio para la difusión de información y la promoción de aspectos propios de la campaña electoral.This paper analyzes how Twitter was used by the five official accounts of the Autonomous Communities with the largest number of followers of the Partido Popular and Podemos during the electoral campaign for the 2016 general elections. Based on the content analysis methodology, 1.845 tweets were analyzed. The results obtained confirm the use of Twitter as a unidirectional tool, without establishing a fluid dialogue between parties and voters. Twitter is used to disseminate information and promote aspects of the electoral campaign

Classical BSE prions emerge from asymptomatic pigs challenged with atypical/Nor98 scrapie

Pigs are susceptible to infection with the classical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (C-BSE) agent following experimental inoculation, and PrPSc accumulation was detected in porcine tissues after the inoculation of certain scrapie and chronic wasting disease isolates. However, a robust transmission barrier has been described in this species and, although they were exposed to C-BSE agent in many European countries, no cases of natural transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) infections have been reported in pigs. Transmission of atypical scrapie to bovinized mice resulted in the emergence of C-BSE prions. Here, we conducted a study to determine if pigs are susceptible to atypical scrapie. To this end, 12, 8–9-month-old minipigs were intracerebrally inoculated with two atypical scrapie sources. Animals were euthanized between 22- and 72-months post inoculation without clinical signs of TSE. All pigs tested negative for PrPSc accumulation by enzyme immunoassay, immunohistochemistry, western blotting and bioassay in porcine PrP mice. Surprisingly, in vitro protein misfolding cyclic amplification demonstrated the presence of C-BSE prions in different brain areas from seven pigs inoculated with both atypical scrapie isolates. Our results suggest that pigs exposed to atypical scrapie prions could become a reservoir for C-BSE and corroborate that C-BSE prions emerge during interspecies passage of atypical scrapie

Estrategia y desarrollo del simulador de negocios Capsim

En este trabajo se recopila la experiencia en el simulador de negocios Capsim, en el cual se manejó una empresa de sensores electrónicos. Se supervisó desde su desarrollo hasta la puesta en el mercado y se tomaron decisiones para cada año operativo dentro del simulador. Se trabajó en la administración de las áreas de diseño, investigación, desarrollo, mercadotécnica, producción, recursos humanos y finanzas

Impact of maternal age on infants' emotional regulation and psychomotor development

Background. Maternal age has progressively increased in industrialized countries. Most studies focus on the consequences of delayed motherhood for women's physical and mental health, but little is known about potential effects on infants' neurodevelopment. This prospective study examines the association between maternal age and offspring neurodevelopment in terms of both psychomotor development (Ages & Stages Questionnaires-3) and emotional competences (Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire). Methods. We evaluated a cohort of healthy pregnant women aged 20-41 years and their offspring, assessed at 38 weeks gestation (n = 131) and 24 months after birth (n = 101). Potential age-related variables were considered (paternal age, education level, parity, social support, maternal cortisol levels, and maternal anxiety and depressive symptoms). Bayesian ordinal regression models were performed for each neurodevelopmental outcome. Results. Maternal age was negatively associated with poor child development in terms of personal-social skills [odds ratio (OR) −0.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77-0.99] and with difficult temperament in terms of worse emotional regulation (OR −0.13, 95% CI 0.78-0.96) and lower positive affect (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.75-0.95). As for age-related variables, whereas maternal anxiety symptoms and cortisol levels were also correlated with poor child development and difficult temperament, maternal social support and parental educational level were associated with better psychomotor and emotional competences. Conclusion. Increasing maternal age may be associated with child temperament difficulties and psychomotor delay in terms of social interaction skills. Early detection of neurodevelopment difficulties in these babies would allow preventive psychosocial interventions to avoid future neuropsychiatric disorders

Impact of maternal age on infants' emotional regulation and psychomotor development

Background. Maternal age has progressively increased in industrialized countries. Most studies focus on the consequences of delayed motherhood for women's physical and mental health, but little is known about potential effects on infants' neurodevelopment. This prospective study examines the association between maternal age and offspring neurodevelopment in terms of both psychomotor development (Ages & Stages Questionnaires-3) and emotional competences (Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire). Methods. We evaluated a cohort of healthy pregnant women aged 20-41 years and their offspring, assessed at 38 weeks gestation (n = 131) and 24 months after birth (n = 101). Potential age-related variables were considered (paternal age, education level, parity, social support, maternal cortisol levels, and maternal anxiety and depressive symptoms). Bayesian ordinal regression models were performed for each neurodevelopmental outcome. Results. Maternal age was negatively associated with poor child development in terms of personal-social skills [odds ratio (OR) −0.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77-0.99] and with difficult temperament in terms of worse emotional regulation (OR −0.13, 95% CI 0.78-0.96) and lower positive affect (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.75-0.95). As for age-related variables, whereas maternal anxiety symptoms and cortisol levels were also correlated with poor child development and difficult temperament, maternal social support and parental educational level were associated with better psychomotor and emotional competences. Conclusion. Increasing maternal age may be associated with child temperament difficulties and psychomotor delay in terms of social interaction skills. Early detection of neurodevelopment difficulties in these babies would allow preventive psychosocial interventions to avoid future neuropsychiatric disorders

MicroRNA Alterations in a Tg501 Mouse Model of Prion Disease

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may contribute to the development and pathology of many neurodegenerative diseases, including prion diseases. They are also promising biomarker candidates due to their stability in body fluids. We investigated miRNA alterations in a Tg501 mouse model of prion diseases that expresses a transgene encoding the goat prion protein (PRNP). Tg501 mice intracranially inoculated with mouse-adapted goat scrapie were compared with age-matched, mock inoculated controls in preclinical and clinical stages. Small RNA sequencing from the cervical spinal cord indicated that miR-223-3p, miR-151-3p, and miR-144-5p were dysregulated in scrapie-inoculated animals before the onset of symptoms. In clinical-stage animals, 23 significant miRNA alterations were found. These miRNAs were predicted to modify the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways including prion disease, extracellular matrix interactions, glutaminergic synapse, axon guidance, and transforming growth factor-beta signaling. MicroRNAs miR-146a-5p (up in cervical spinal cord) and miR-342-3p (down in cervical spinal cord, cerebellum and plasma), both indicated in neurodegenerative diseases earlier, were verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Minimal changes observed before the disease onset suggests that most miRNA alterations observed here are driven by advanced prion-associated pathology, possibly limiting their use as diagnostic markers. However, the results encourage further mechanistic studies on miRNA-regulated pathways involved in these neurodegenerative conditions

The emergence of classical BSE from atypical/Nor98 scrapie

Atypical/Nor98 scrapie (AS) is a prion disease of small ruminants. Currently there are no efficient measures to control this form of prion disease, and, importantly, the zoonotic potential and the risk that AS might represent for other farmed animal species remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the capacity of AS to propagate in bovine PrP transgenic mice. Unexpectedly, the transmission of AS isolates originating from 5 different European countries to bovine PrP mice resulted in the propagation of the classical BSE (c-BSE) agent. Detection of prion seeding activity in vitro by protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) demonstrated that low levels of the c-BSE agent were present in the original AS isolates. C-BSE prion seeding activity was also detected in brain tissue of ovine PrP mice inoculated with limiting dilutions (endpoint titration) of ovine AS isolates. These results are consistent with the emergence and replication of c-BSE prions during the in vivo propagation of AS isolates in the natural host. These data also indicate that c-BSE prions, a known zonotic agent in humans, can emerge as a dominant prion strain during passage of AS between different species. These findings provide an unprecedented insight into the evolution of mammalian prion strain properties triggered by intra- and interspecies passage. From a public health perspective, the presence of c-BSE in AS isolates suggest that cattle exposure to small ruminant tissues and products could lead to new occurrences of c-BSE.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio