El rol de Brasil en la creación y evolución de UNASUR como proyecto posneoliberal. Un análisis a partir del concepto de soft power

La búsqueda de una integración latinoamericana se ha visto obstaculizada históricamente por la reticencia de los Estados a ceder soberanía a instancias supranacionales, y por la constante competencia entre los mismos. No obstante, la Unión de Naciones Suramericanas (UNASUR) surge como proyecto de integración regional alterno al modelo neoliberal existente en la zona, con el especial protagonismo de Brasil en su creación y posterior evolución debido a ciertos intereses de carácter hegemónico que el país buscó materializar a través de la Unión. En este sentido, mediante el concepto de soft power, el objetivo del presente proyecto investigativo se centra en analizar la manera mediante la cual Brasil buscó aprovechar la creación y evolución de tal mecanismo de integración como plataforma para posicionarse como líder pos neoliberal en América del Sur durante el mandato de Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.The search for a Latin American integration has historically been obstructed by the reluctance of states to transfer sovereignity to supranational instances, and the constant competition between them. Nevertheless, the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) arise as an alternative project of regional integration to the existing neoliberal model in the area, with the special role of Brazil in its creation and evolution due to certain hegemonic interests that the country sought to materialize through the Union. In this sense through the concept of soft power, the aim of this research project is to analyze the way in which Brazil sought to take advantage of the creation and evolution of such integration mechanism as a platform to position itself as post-neoliberal leader in South America under President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva.Universidad del Rosari

Training autonomous managers for a dynamic environment

Producción CientíficaPurpose: the goal of this paper is to explore self-regulated learning among university students, the role played by motivation and its impact on academic performance. This paper presents a teaching strategy aimed at self-regulation which draws on the educational value provided by the evaluation system. Design/methodology/approach: this research includes a quantitative analysis to examine the dependency relation between self-regulation, motivational orientation and academic performance. The impact of the teaching strategy on the relation between self-regulation and academic performance is also explored. Findings: the findings indicate that self-regulation is closely linked to motivational orientation and is a determining factor in academic performance. In addition, implementing a teaching strategy focusing on self-regulation alters said relation. Practical implications: this research reflects the value of fostering the level of student self-regulation with a view to enhancing not only their current learning, but also the self-directed learning that will ensure professional success. The research also evidences the potential of the evaluation system for encouraging the development of self-regulation. Originality/value: the conclusions to emerge from this research will help educators gain an awareness of the usefulness of strengthening student self-regulation and the potential offered by the evaluation system as a teaching resource. This research also merges extremely interesting elements –student self-regulation and the evaluation system- which to date have not been explored jointly.Financial support was received from the Regional Government of Castilla y León (Ref. VA 260U14

Analysis of the evolution of the Spanish labour market through unsupervised learning

Unemployment in Spain is one of the biggest concerns of its inhabitants. Its unemployment rate is the second highest in the European Union, and in the second quarter of 2018 there is a 15.2% unemployment rate, some 3.4 million unemployed. Construction is one of the activity sectors that have suffered the most from the economic crisis. In addition, the economic crisis affected in different ways to the labour market in terms of occupation level or location. The aim of this paper is to discover how the labour market is organised taking into account the jobs that workers get during two periods: 2011-2013, which corresponds to the economic crisis period, and 2014-2016, which was a period of economic recovery. The data used are official records of the Spanish administration corresponding to 1.9 and 2.4 million job placements, respectively. The labour market was analysed by applying unsupervised machine learning techniques to obtain a clear and structured information on the employment generation process and the underlying labour mobility. We have applied two clustering methods with two different technologies, and the results indicate that there were some movements in the Spanish labour market which have changed the physiognomy of some of the jobs. The analysis reveals the changes in the labour market: the crisis forces greater geographical mobility and favours the subsequent emergence of new job sources. Nevertheless, there still exist some clusters that remain stable despite the crisis. We may conclude that we have achieved a characterisation of some important groups of workers in Spain. The methodology used, being supported by Big Data techniques, would serve to analyse any alternative job market.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TIN2014-55894-C2-R y TIN2017-88209-C2-2-R, CO2017-8678

Proposal to conserve the name Inula (Asteraceae) with a conserved type

[EN] The genus Inula L. as traditionally circumscribed comprises ca. 90–100 species widely distributed in Europe, Asia and Africa; ca. 65 species are Eurasian and North-African perennial herbs and ca. 25 species are Central and South-African perennial herbs and shrubs (modified from Anderberg in Pl. Syst. Evol. 176: 75–123. 1991 and Flann (ed.), 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist Ac-cessed: 11 Nov. 2011). The delimitation of the genus is controversial and has been a matter of frequent discussion throughout botanical history (e.g., Beck, Europ. Inula-Art.: 1–59. 1882; Anderberg, l.c. 1991). The original Linnaean (Sp. Pl.: 881–884. 1753) circumscrip-tion of Inula has notably changed to include further Linnaean gen-era such as Conyza L. (l.c.: 861–863, nom. rej. vs. Conyza Less., Syn. Gen. Compos.: 203–204. 1832, nom. cons.) (i.e., I. bifrons L., I. candida (L.) Cass. and I. conyzae (Griess.) Meikle). Also Inulahas been split into several genera and many Linnaean species origi-nally placed in Inula were subsequently transferred to them, e.g., Pulicaria Gaertn. (P. dysenterica (L.) Bernh., P. odora (L.) Rchb. and P. vulgaris Gaertn.) and Limbarda Adans. (L. crithmoides ( L .) Dumort.)

Analysis of Measures of Quantitative Association Rules

This paper presents the analysis of relationships among different interestingness measures of quality of association rules as first step to select the best objectives in order to develop a multi-objective algorithm. For this purpose, the discovering of association rules is based on evolutionary techniques. Specifically, a genetic algorithm has been used in order to mine quantitative association rules and determine the intervals on the attributes without discretizing the data before. The algorithm has been applied in real-word climatological datasets based on Ozone and Earthquake data.Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología TIN2007-68084-C-00Junta de Andalucía P07-TIC-0261

Screening and Evaluation of Essential Oils from Mediterranean Aromatic Plants against the Mushroom Cobweb Disease, Cladobotryum mycophilum

The main aim of this study was to evaluate the use of essential oils (EOs) as an alternative to synthetic fungicides used in the control of cobweb disease of button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) caused by Cladobotryum mycophilum. The EOs used were obtained by hydrodistillation from five Mediterranean aromatic species (Lavandula × intermedia, Salvia lavandulifolia, Satureja montana, Thymus mastichina, and Thymus vulgaris), analyzed by gas chromatography, and tested in vitro for their antifungal activity against C. mycophilum. In vitro bioassays showed that the EOs obtained from T. vulgaris and S. montana (ED50 = 35.5 and 42.8 mg L−1, respectively) were the most effective EOs for inhibiting the mycelial growth of C. mycophilum, and were also the most selective EOs between C. mycophilum and A. bisporus. The in vivo efficacy of T. vulgaris and S. montana EOs at two different concentrations (0.5 and 1%) were evaluated in two mushroom growing trials with C. mycophilum inoculation. The treatments involving T. vulgaris and S. montana EOs at the higher dose (1% concentration) were as effective as fungicide treatment. The effect of these EOs on mushroom productivity was tested in a mushroom cropping trial without inoculation. They had a strong fungitoxic effect at the first flush. However, a compensatory effect was observed by the end of the crop cycle and no differences were observed in biological efficiency between treatments. The main compounds found were carvacrol and p-cymene for S. montana, and p-cymene and thymol for T. vulgaris. These results suggest that T. vulgaris and S. montana EOs may be useful products to manage cobweb disease if used as part of an integrated pest management (IPM) program

The High Content of Quercetin and Catechin in Airen Grape Juice Supports Its Application in Functional Food Production.

Ensuring healthy lives and well-being constitutes one of the Sustainable Development Goals of the UN 2030 agenda. Consequently, research into how natural products may promote health is essential for the new generation of nutraceuticals and functional foods that are in high demand today. Grape juice is a natural foodstuff composed of water, sugars, minerals, vitamins and a wide array of polyphenols. Polyphenols are bioactive compounds of great interest due to their antioxidant properties and benefits to health, supporting antimicrobial, anti-aging, and anticarcinogenic activity. The majority of grape juice produced in the world is used for the production of wine, although a small part is used in the food industry, mainly in baby food and sports drinks. The aim of this work is to determine the polyphenol content in the natural and concentrated juice of Airen grapes, the main white grape variety produced in Spain. For this, fresh juices from five grape varietals (Airen, Sauvignon Blanc, Gewürztraminer, Verdejo and Tempranillo) and concentrated Airen juice were analyzed and compared. Results showed similar contents of phenolic acids and stilbenes in all grape varietals studied, although the Airen variety demonstrated a higher concentration of two flavonoids: quercetin and catechin. It can be concluded that the grape juice concentration process negatively affects the stability of these compounds, causing a reduction in the polyphenol content that ranges between 54–71%, with the exception of quercetin and catechin.post-print1881 K

Caracterización y cambios antropométricos de atletas de la seleccione estatal de pentatlón moderno del estado de Nuevo león en dos diferentes etapas de la preparación física

El Pentatlón Moderno es un deporte que para muchos especialistas del deporte representa la disciplina más completa para el atleta, esto por la complejidad que representa cada una de los diferentes eventos que lo componen, lo cual constituyen cualidades físicas y psicológicas diferentes. Los eventos que componen el Pentatlón Moderno son de combate (esgrima), tiempo y marca (natación y tiro-carrera) y arte competitivo (equitación), lo cual forman los cinco eventos del Pentatlón Moderno. El factor antropométrico jugará un papel primordial en el desarrollo competitivo del pentatleta, es por ello que nace el interés de realizar una caracterización del biotipo del pentatleta mexicano, dada a la escasez de referencias bibliográficas (Agrelo, 2012). Estudios como los de González, M. (2007) “Caracterización Antropométrica de Atletas del Equipo Nacional Cubano de Pentatlón Moderno” proyecta las características morfológicas de un atleta de Pentatlón Moderno de promedio de 21 años en dos diferentes etapas, al inicio de la preparación física general (IPFG) y al final de la preparación física general (FPFG), encontrando cambios significativos en el incremento de peso, así como cambios pequeños pero significativos en el porcentaje de grasa. La finalidad de este estudio será entonces caracterizar morfológicamente al pentatleta moderno en edades tempranas, como referencia para futuras investigaciones o comparaciones. En este estudio se pretende obtener el somatotipo por sexo, sumatoria de pliegues, porcentaje de grasa, índices de proporcionalida